Healthy aging

Muscle + vitamin D

Bone/falls + vitamin D

Bone/turnover +BMD

-49% MN damage

Muscle/function +falls↓

Oxidative stress ↓

Aging outcomes ↑

Wrinkles+higher satisfaction

Hydration+firmness+density

+15% / +22%

Homocysteine↓; folate↑

Stroke/cognition/flow↑

Lower mortality −9%

Lower cancer deaths −13%

Cardiovascular deaths −49%

GSH↑, age-fitness

Oxidative stress↓, inflammation↓

Bone health: BMD +8%

Skin aging: wrinkles -20%

Fracture risk: -33%

Wrinkles/pigment improved

Cancer risk down

+31% photodamage

Muscle/anabolic: +612g

Bone/vascular: improved

Metabolic/AA: choline−30%

Healthy aging: antioxidant↓

AMD/mortality: risk↓

Cognition +0.07 SD

Fractures/cataracts mixed

Brain/cognition protection

Homocysteine↓, folate↑

Eye health -9% AMD

Cognition/vascular +25% lutein

Cardio deaths ↓

Cognition/skin/oxidative stress

Cardio-protection, −10% events

Brain/aging support, cognition

Mortality −31%; healthy aging

DNA damage, cognition, skin

Cognition + memory

+3.5 / +13.9%

Behavior + function

Muscle gain + performance

Mortality/cognition benefits

-

Pain/function ↑

CTX-II/PRO-C2 ↓

JSN progression ↓

Cognition/QoL +15pp

Daily function/behavior

Stroke recovery/QoL +0.47

Pain/function improved

JSN slowed ~0.3mm

Surgery risk down 57%

Bone health +9%

Vascular/mortality benefits

Inflammation −27.9%

AMD progression ↓

Memory/cognition ↑

Cognition/memory +2 points

Fatigue/oxidative stress less

Respiratory/cardiac events down

Muscle/strength + function

Nutrition/weight + less mortality

Cardio-endothelial +27% FMD

NO/endothelial +, BP −

Muscle/bone/aging +

GH, glucose, mortality

Lipids, -15% LDL

Inflammation/gut barrier

Body fat, waist

Oxidative stress ↓; 30%

Cancer risk ↓; 54%

Cognition preserved; +0.17

↓ oxidative stress

↓ arterial aging

Muscle mass +0.5-3.3 kg

Strength/power +5-62%

Bone/functional gains

Heart protection: -73% events

Metabolic/inflammatory aging: better lipids

Vascular function, NO +1.36%

Oxidative/DNA damage, inflammation

Atherosclerosis slowed

HDL/LDL improved

NAD+ metabolism: +139%

Skin aging, wrinkles, spots

Cognition: better memory

Vascular: better flow

Oxidative stress: lower

Cognition/frailty + MMSE

Inflammation/strength +38.9% mortality

Urinary symptoms +flow

Hair density +25.1/cm2

Homocysteine↓, risk↓

Methylation↑, aging↓

Bone/aging preservation +3%

Cognitive-metabolic support +33%

Skin aging: +9%, -6%

Menopause symptoms: -56%

Blood sugar/BP: ↓

Cognition +

Memory/ADL +

Protein synthesis +31%

Lean mass +4 kg

Muscle/functional gains +18%

Lipids/BP improves

Oxidative stress ↓

Frailty/inflammation ↓

Bone health: -

Micronutrient status: +

Eye health: ~20-38%

Fatigue/cognition +MMSE

Muscle/fat/body comp

Memory/choline +3.35

Dementia risk ↓ 18%

Vaccine antibody +30.4pp

Serine methylation, longevity

Cognition/heart risk, improved

Inflammation lowered, +CVD benefit

DNA methylation −23.5%

LDL −10–27%

Total cholesterol −6–13%

Bone markers +2.7%

Inflammation/vascular aging

NAFLD liver fat −1.9%

Cognition +MMSE

Fatigue/Function -22.5

+6 ALSFRS-R

Mobility/strength +17%

AGE/CML reduction

Cognition/fatigue: improved

Metabolic/inflammatory: improved

Skin + density

Lipids, inflammation, BP

Lipids/IR −31%

Adenoma recurrence −11%

Heart function, fewer deaths

Lipids: LDL↓ HDL↑

Stroke recovery: mRS↓ 80-88%

Inflammation/platelets↓

Muscle/endurance +12%

+urolithin A link

Cognition + memory

Mood/heart -

GI side effects

Stress/cortisol ↓

Memory/attention ↑

Vision: +4.6 VA

Skin: wrinkles/elasticity

Cognition/Oxidative: -21s, -65%

Glucose/AGEs −42%

Knee pain/inflammation −64%

Vision/function +0.5D

Cognition/mobility better

Skin/retina/weight improved

Cognition + attention

Glucose/inflammation −6% to −49%

Memory +3.5 pts

Vision −0.95 dB/yr

Pain/function improve

Activity improves +P<0.001

Vessel function +1.1%

Bone loss reduced

Mobility +12.3%

Skin/hair +24 pp

Bone/cognition +11%

Telomere preservation

+0.5 kb TL

Kidney/CV protection

CHD events −51%

Mortality −44%

Hydration, elasticity +12%

Wrinkles, thickness, TEWL

Wound healing -6.9d

Antioxidant defense +8-10%

Eye protection +26% zeaxanthin

Oxidative lipids −71%

Cognitive/BP and hot flushes

Antioxidant defenses +21-75%

Skin roughness ↓

Vision/glare ↑

Mortality risk -11%

Metabolism/vision improvements

Endothelial/arterial health

-1.2 m/s

Muscle/body composition

Brain network preservation

Decline slowed: -45%

Lower homocysteine 36%

Better memory, betaïne

Oxidative stress down

Weight/liver fat −5.5kg

Fitness/fat-burn +12.1%

Memory/insulin +8.9%

Cognition/function −1.9

Thiamine/oxidative status

Brain oxygen/attention +

Strength/muscle +10%

Brain + memory

Autophagy + inflammation

Muscle + inflammation: +1.02 SMI

Bone turnover shift: +45% BAP

Less oxidation/infection

-12% LDL

Better insulin/liver

Protein utilization, MPS

Strength, lean mass

Cognition/ketones/HDL

Balance/motor control

+1.1 cm² muscle

Lipids, inflammation ↓

HDL +7.7–11.4%

Cognition + ADAS

Daily function + IADL

Vitamin status, no tenderness

+ marbling, adiposity

Emotion recognition

Sleep + cognition

Lifespan +13%

Delirium −

Pain/function +

Vision/IOP +

Cognition, +2.2

Attention/workload preservation

Social/sleep modest gain

Antioxidant boost, no damage

Heart protection: cTnI↓, LVEF↑

Cognition + BDNF

Bone density +5%

Brain health +14%

Memory/cognition improved

Cognition +8/15 improved

Strength +24 kg

Oxidative stress ↓

Lipids/BP ↓

More appetite, weight, independence

QoL improved, lower costs

Symptoms, EF +7-8%

BNP, energy markers

HDL +7%; TG↓

Inflammation/coagulation ↓34%

Collagen synthesis +dose

Wrinkles/roughness improved

Memory +0.055

Blood pressure −7 mmHg

Leg strength +follistatin

Myostatin unchanged

Memory -interference

Oxidative stress -homocysteine

Gait +0.4s

Weight -4.7kg

Glucose -1.3mmol/L

Skin barrier +70%

Blood NAD + walk +157m

Cognition/decline: −1.9

DNA damage/antioxidants

Wrinkle depth −13.6%

Hydration/thickness +6.4%/+3.1%

Bone & inflammation markers

Testosterone support

Oxidative stress ↓

Inflammation ↓

Muscle mass +

Cell health +

Cognition +CERAD score

Memory/visuospatial tasks improved

Nail health +62%

Better brittleness outcomes

Wrinkles/smoothness: −16.6%

Plumping: +13.4%

Pigmentation: MASI -1.2

Wrinkles/smoothness: -16.6%

Lipids −15%; healthier aging

Oxidative damage −68%; healthier aging

Oxidative stress markers ↓

Lipids ↓, +17% TAC

Firmness +, shear wave +

Distension unchanged

BP, fibrinogen, inflammation -37%/-42%

Oxidative stress down -37%