Citrulline
13 benefits mapped to clinical evidence across supplements.
Dose per serving from products
1,880 products in our catalogue print how much Citrulline a serving holds.
Most common: 2.5 g to 5 g, 35% of 1,880 products.
| Dose per serving | Products |
|---|---|
| 100 mg or less | 88 |
| 100 mg to 250 mg | 114 |
| 250 mg to 500 mg | 147 |
| 500 mg to 1 g | 255 |
| 1 g to 2.5 g | 371 |
| 2.5 g to 5 g | 658 |
| 5 g to 10 g | 246 |
| over 10 g | 1 |
Dose per serving from research
87 study groups in 69 studies say how much Citrulline participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 5 g to 10 g, 53% of 87 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 1 g or less | 4 |
| 1 g to 2.5 g | 20 |
| 2.5 g to 5 g | 11 |
| 5 g to 10 g | 46 |
| 10 g to 25 g | 6 |
Commonly used together
30 of 98 study groups took Citrulline with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.
What was given together, not what works together.
| Taken with | Study groups |
|---|---|
| Arginine | 10 |
| Dextrose | 4 |
| Glutathione | 4 |
| Branched-Chain Amino Acids | 3 |
| Nitrate | 3 |
Benefit Evidence
BP↓ / FMD↑
Arterial stiffness↓ / mPAP↓
Endothelial dilation +2.4%
Blood pressure -15 mmHg
↑ circulation flow
↓ blood pressure
↑ NO blood flow
↓ BP / stiffness
Power/time fatigue +11%
+36% fatigue
Endurance/NO kinetics
VO2/performance +5%
Blood pressure -9 mmHg
Vasodilation +2.4%
Cycling power +11%
Reps/endurance up
Jump/agility + power
Reps/endurance + sprint
BP ↓ 9–15 mmHg
Stress BP ↓ ~15%
Central BP/stiffness ↓
BP ↓, NO↑
Stress BP ↓, AIx↓
Strength: +11% power
Strength: +37% gain
NO/flow ↑; +54%
Strength/endurance mixed; +52.9%
BP ↓; −9.3%
Reps +53%, soreness −40%
Lactate −61%, fatigue ↓
Power ↑, lactate clearance
Arginine/flow + performance
Soreness/recovery + reps
~+4.8% power
Heart function +20%
TB recovery +weight gain
Women lean mass +1.7kg
Heart function +9 mmHg
Vascular function +20%
Lean mass +0.5 kg
↑Arg/NO uptake
+1840 citrulline
Gut perfusion/ injury
AA availability +30-40%
Blood flow/FMD ↑
Endurance +36%
Reps +10–21%
Power +5%; NO↑
Soreness −40%; reps +53%
BP↓; cycling efficiency↑
Less soreness
~40% soreness drop
Soreness reduced, performance up
Soreness ↓; force maintained
+53% reps; soreness ↓
Soreness ↓
BP↓ / FMD↑
Arterial stiffness↓ / mPAP↓
Endothelial dilation +2.4%
Blood pressure -15 mmHg
Power/time fatigue +11%
+36% fatigue
Endurance/NO kinetics
VO2/performance +5%
Blood pressure -9 mmHg
Vasodilation +2.4%
Cycling power +11%
Reps/endurance up
Jump/agility + power
Reps/endurance + sprint
BP ↓ 9–15 mmHg
Stress BP ↓ ~15%
Central BP/stiffness ↓
BP ↓, NO↑
Stress BP ↓, AIx↓
Strength: +11% power
Strength: +37% gain
NO/flow ↑; +54%
Strength/endurance mixed; +52.9%
BP ↓; −9.3%
Reps +53%, soreness −40%
Lactate −61%, fatigue ↓
Power ↑, lactate clearance
Arginine/flow + performance
Soreness/recovery + reps
~+4.8% power
Heart function +20%
TB recovery +weight gain
Women lean mass +1.7kg
Heart function +9 mmHg
Vascular function +20%
Lean mass +0.5 kg
↑Arg/NO uptake
+1840 citrulline
Gut perfusion/ injury
AA availability +30-40%
Blood flow/FMD ↑
Endurance +36%
Reps +10–21%
Power +5%; NO↑
Soreness −40%; reps +53%
BP↓; cycling efficiency↑
Less soreness
~40% soreness drop
Soreness reduced, performance up
Soreness ↓; force maintained
+53% reps; soreness ↓
Soreness ↓
Research sources
Heart health (18)
- Impact of L-citrulline supplementation and whole-body vibration training on arterial stiffness and leg muscle function in obese postmenopausal women with high blood pressure
PubMed ID: 25636814
L-citrulline combined with whole-body vibration reduced aortic pulse-wave velocity (arterial stiffness), a cardiovascular risk marker.
- Digital plethysmography and arginine metabolism in prehypertension: effect of nebivolol therapy
PubMed ID: 25495953
Nebivolol increased plasma citrulline and digital blood flow in prehypertensives, showing improved NO-bioavailability and vascular effects.
- Nitric oxide precursors and congenital heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial of oral citrulline
PubMed ID: 16798303
Perioperative oral L‑citrulline raised citrulline/arginine and was associated with fewer cases of postoperative pulmonary hypertension (clinical cardiopulmonary benefit).
- Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
PubMed ID: 21154265
2‑month citrulline trial in HFpEF: reduced pulmonary pressure and improved RV function.
- The effect of L-arginine and citrulline on endothelial function in patients in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
PubMed ID: 20865676
60 days oral citrulline improved peripheral endothelial function in patients with diastolic/right‑heart failure.
- Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation
PubMed ID: 23224924
4‑month citrulline improved LVEF/RVEF and endothelial index in systolic heart‑failure patients—robust functional cardiac benefits.
- Supplementation with Watermelon Extract Reduces Total Cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol in Adults with Dyslipidemia under the Influence of the MTHFR C677T Polymorphism
PubMed ID: 26934084
Six weeks of watermelon extract lowered total and LDL cholesterol in dyslipidemic adults—direct cardiometabolic benefit.
- Watermelon extract reduces blood pressure but does not change sympathovagal balance in prehypertensive and hypertensive subjects
PubMed ID: 26947668
Watermelon extract (rich in citrulline) RCT produced large, clinically meaningful reductions in SBP and DBP.
- Inter-Individual Responses to Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensives: A 24-Hour Analysis
PubMed ID: 31291417
In hypertensives, citrulline before exercise produced larger/longer post‑exercise BP reductions and increased responder rate — clinically relevant cardiovascular effect.
- Asymmetric dimethylarginine predicts perioperative cardiovascular complications in patients undergoing medium-to-high risk non-cardiac surgery
PubMed ID: 32842812
Perioperative L‑arginine+citrulline increased arginine/ARG:ADMA and trended to fewer CV events in high‑ADMA patients.
- Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on l-Arginine Metabolism in Adults with Long COVID: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 36982151
L‑arginine+vitC restored arginine/ADMA in long‑COVID, improving NO availability relevant to cardiovascular health.
- Combined Citrulline and Glutathione Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women
PubMed ID: 37049398
Citrulline+glutathione improved endothelial function and blunted BP reactivity to stress in postmenopausal women — supports vascular/heart health.
- Impact of L-Citrulline Supplementation and HIIT on Lipid Profile, Arterial Stiffness, and Fat Mass in Obese Adolescents with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 39940261
In obese adolescents L‑citrulline (±HIIT) lowered SBP and arterial stiffness (PWV) — direct cardiovascular benefit.
- The Antioxidant Power of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold Potentiates the Effects of L-Citrulline in Athlete Performance and Vasodilation in a Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 40218864
Combination of bergamot polyphenols + citrulline increased NO and improved vasodilation/VO2max in cyclists; citrulline likely contributed to vascular benefit.
- Combined whole-body vibration training and l-citrulline supplementation improves pressure wave reflection in obese postmenopausal women
PubMed ID: 26863234
WBVT + L‑citrulline reduced wave reflection and raised NO metabolites, supporting vascular/heart benefit (combined intervention).
- The Assessment of short-term effect of L-Citrulline on endothelial function via FMD to NMD ratio in known CAD patients: A randomized, cross-over clinical trial (Clinical trial number: NCT02638727)
PubMed ID: 27648629
15d L‑citrulline improved endothelial function (FMD) in CAD patients — clinically relevant vascular benefit.
- Oxidative stress and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) status following citrulline supplementation in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32683790
L‑citrulline increased NO metabolites and improved oxidative stress markers in T2DM, plausibly cardioprotective (small RCT).
- The impact of L-citrulline supplementation on glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, and some inflammatory factors in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 33876875
Placebo‑controlled RCT in overweight/obese T2D improved glycaemia, lipids and inflammation—cardiometabolic benefits supportive of heart health.
Blood circulation (21)
- Digital plethysmography and arginine metabolism in prehypertension: effect of nebivolol therapy
PubMed ID: 25495953
Nebivolol raised plasma citrulline and increased digital blood flow in prehypertensives, demonstrating improved microvascular perfusion.
- Effects of Quercetin and Citrulline on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Antioxidant Biomarkers in Trained Cyclists
PubMed ID: 39861353
See above: NOx increases provide mechanistic support for improved flow.
- Changes in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40470618
NOx increases and improved muscular endurance suggest enhanced perfusion to active muscle.
- The effect of quercetin and citrulline on cycling time trial performance
PubMed ID: 39417670
Modest increase in VO2 in trained cyclists suggests a systemic improvement in oxygen utilization/delivery.
- Combined Effects of Citrulline Plus Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Extract Co-Supplementation on Maximal and Endurance-Strength and Aerobic Power in Trained Male Triathletes: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 35010917
9‑week intervention including citrulline increased estimated VO2max (Cooper distance), indicating improved systemic oxygen delivery/utilization.
- Oxidative stress and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) status following citrulline supplementation in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32683790
Citrulline raised nitrate/nitrite (NOx) levels in T2DM, a biochemical marker of increased NO availability and hence potential improved blood flow.
- The Assessment of short-term effect of L-Citrulline on endothelial function via FMD to NMD ratio in known CAD patients: A randomized, cross-over clinical trial (Clinical trial number: NCT02638727)
PubMed ID: 27648629
Short-term L-citrulline significantly improved FMD and FMD/NMD ratio in CAD patients — strong evidence for improved endothelial-mediated blood flow.
- Combined whole-body vibration training and l-citrulline supplementation improves pressure wave reflection in obese postmenopausal women
PubMed ID: 26863234
Combined intervention reduced AIx@75 and increased NOx — evidence of improved vascular tone (combined effect).
- Impact of L-citrulline supplementation and whole-body vibration training on arterial stiffness and leg muscle function in obese postmenopausal women with high blood pressure
PubMed ID: 25636814
WBVT + L‑citrulline reduced aortic stiffness (cfPWV), consistent with improved large‑artery function (combined intervention).
- The Antioxidant Power of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold Potentiates the Effects of L-Citrulline in Athlete Performance and Vasodilation in a Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 40218864
Citrulline combined with bergamot increased NO and improved reactive hyperemia index/vasodilation in cyclists; supports blood-flow improvement (combination therapy).
- Impact of L-Citrulline Supplementation and HIIT on Lipid Profile, Arterial Stiffness, and Fat Mass in Obese Adolescents with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 39940261
In obese adolescents, L‑citrulline (±HIIT) reduced arterial stiffness (PWV) — improved vascular function.
- Combined Citrulline and Glutathione Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women
PubMed ID: 37049398
Citrulline+glutathione improved endothelial dilation and increased arginine/ARG:ADMA — strong mechanistic blood flow evidence.
- Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on l-Arginine Metabolism in Adults with Long COVID: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 36982151
Arginine+vitC restored arginine/ADMA in long‑COVID — improves NO bioavailability relevant to circulation.
- Asymmetric dimethylarginine predicts perioperative cardiovascular complications in patients undergoing medium-to-high risk non-cardiac surgery
PubMed ID: 32842812
Raised arginine and arginine/ADMA pre-op — supports NO-mediated circulation.
- L-Citrulline increases nitric oxide and improves control in obese asthmatics
PubMed ID: 31714895
High‑dose citrulline raised arginine/NO markers and modestly improved asthma control and FeNO in obese asthmatics—suggests airway/vascular NO effects that may influence O2 exchange.
- Combined L-citrulline and glutathione supplementation increases the concentration of markers indicative of nitric oxide synthesis
PubMed ID: 26097441
Seven days of citrulline (±GSH) increased plasma arginine and, with GSH, raised nitrite/NOx and cGMP—strong mechanistic evidence for increased NO‑mediated blood flow.
- Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation
PubMed ID: 23224924
Longer‑term citrulline improved endothelial indices and ventricular function in systolic HF—implies improved perfusion.
- The effect of L-arginine and citrulline on endothelial function in patients in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
PubMed ID: 20865676
60‑day trial showed improved endothelial function in heart‑failure patients.
- Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
PubMed ID: 21154265
Reduced pulmonary artery pressure and improved RV function directly improve cardiopulmonary oxygen delivery in HFpEF.
- Nitric oxide precursors and congenital heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial of oral citrulline
PubMed ID: 16798303
Oral citrulline perioperatively increased plasma citrulline/arginine and was associated with fewer pulmonary hypertension episodes — clinical circulatory benefit.
- Adjuvant L-arginine treatment for in-vitro fertilization in poor responder patients
PubMed ID: 10402369
Oral L-arginine improved uterine and perifollicular Doppler flow in IVF patients — local blood-flow enhancement linked to citrulline rises.
Endurance (11)
- Effects of branched chain amino acids, l-citrulline, and alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine supplementation on exercise performance in trained cyclists: a randomized crossover trial
PubMed ID: 37229544
Time-to-fatigue markedly improved (~36%) in trained cyclists after 7 days of a citrulline-containing supplement — strong endurance signal (multi-ingredient caveat).
- Impact of Chronic Nitrate and Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Performance and Recovery in Spanish Professional Female Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40733006
CM+nitrate helped preserve anaerobic power after matches—sport-specific stamina preservation across competition.
- Changes in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40470618
Chronic citrulline increased muscular endurance (reps-to-failure) in a 6-week RCT—strong evidence for improved local muscular endurance.
- Combined Effects of Citrulline Plus Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Extract Co-Supplementation on Maximal and Endurance-Strength and Aerobic Power in Trained Male Triathletes: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 35010917
Significant increase in Cooper distance (estimated VO2max) with 9‑week CIT+beetroot suggests improved endurance capacity.
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
PubMed ID: 20386132
8 g citrulline‑malate improved high‑intensity bench‑press repetitions markedly — strong anaerobic stamina signal.
- The Antioxidant Power of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold Potentiates the Effects of L-Citrulline in Athlete Performance and Vasodilation in a Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 40218864
Cyclists showed increased VO2max, ventilatory thresholds and peak power with bergamot + L‑citrulline (performance/endurance gains).
- Impact of L-Citrulline Supplementation and HIIT on Lipid Profile, Arterial Stiffness, and Fat Mass in Obese Adolescents with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 39940261
Combined HIIT + citrulline improved VO2peak and fitness measures; citrulline alone had modest effects.
- L-Citrulline increases nitric oxide and improves control in obese asthmatics
PubMed ID: 31714895
High‑dose citrulline improved FeNO and asthma control in obese asthmatics, potentially improving daily activity tolerance/endurance.
- Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation
PubMed ID: 23224924
Improvements in L/R EF and endothelial function in systolic HF can improve functional class and daily endurance.
- Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
PubMed ID: 21154265
Reduced pulmonary pressures and improved RV function in HFpEF likely translate to improved daily activity endurance.
- The Effect of Acute Pre-Workout Supplement Ingestion on Basketball-Specific Performance of Well-Trained Athletes
PubMed ID: 37242187
Acute preworkout (6 g citrulline malate in blend) improved anaerobic power metrics—supports increased short‑term stamina/effort capacity.
Workout performance (10)
- Combined L-citrulline and glutathione supplementation increases the concentration of markers indicative of nitric oxide synthesis
PubMed ID: 26097441
Citrulline (±GSH) increased plasma arginine and NO‑related biomarkers (nitrite/cGMP), supporting enhanced muscle 'pump' via vasodilation.
- The Effect of Acute Pre-Workout Supplement Ingestion on Basketball-Specific Performance of Well-Trained Athletes
PubMed ID: 37242187
Preworkout blend containing 6 g citrulline malate produced small‑to‑moderate improvements in jump, agility and marked boost in anaerobic repeated‑sprint power.
- Effects of Combined Versus Single Supplementation of Creatine, Beta-Alanine, and L-Citrulline During Short Sprint Interval Training on Basketball Players' Performance: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40010353
During sprint training, groups receiving supplements including 6 g citrulline achieved greater performance improvements than placebo (training‑study evidence supporting performance enhancement, but multi‑supplement confounding).
- Effects of branched chain amino acids, l-citrulline, and alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine supplementation on exercise performance in trained cyclists: a randomized crossover trial
PubMed ID: 37229544
7-day combined supplement with 6 g L-citrulline improved peak cycling power (+11%) and time-to-fatigue (+36%); strong functional signal though multi-ingredient.
- The Antioxidant Power of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold Potentiates the Effects of L-Citrulline in Athlete Performance and Vasodilation in a Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 40218864
BPFG + citrulline increased VO2max and ventilatory thresholds in cyclists; citrulline likely contributed to observed exercise-capacity gains (pilot RCT).
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
PubMed ID: 20386132
Citrulline‑malate (8 g) produced large increases in high‑intensity repetitions and improved performance metrics in randomized trial.
- The Assessment of short-term effect of L-Citrulline on endothelial function via FMD to NMD ratio in known CAD patients: A randomized, cross-over clinical trial (Clinical trial number: NCT02638727)
PubMed ID: 27648629
Improved endothelial function (FMD) supports better NO-mediated vasodilation and likely enhanced muscle blood flow/pumps.
- Combined Effects of Citrulline Plus Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Extract Co-Supplementation on Maximal and Endurance-Strength and Aerobic Power in Trained Male Triathletes: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 35010917
9‑week 3 g/day citrulline + nitrate‑rich beetroot produced a meaningful increase in Cooper distance/estimated VO2max in trained triathletes (between‑group significance).
- Changes in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40470618
Six-week citrulline (LC/CM) improved upper-body muscular endurance and increased NOx—solid RCT evidence for improved resistance-exercise performance.
- Impact of Chronic Nitrate and Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Performance and Recovery in Spanish Professional Female Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40733006
CM+nitrate increased top speed and preserved anaerobic power after matches—meaningful sport-specific performance benefits, though confounded by nitrate.
Blood pressure (7)
- Impact of L-Citrulline Supplementation and HIIT on Lipid Profile, Arterial Stiffness, and Fat Mass in Obese Adolescents with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 39940261
L‑citrulline (with HIIT) reduced SBP and PWV in obese adolescents; meaningful BP/arterial stiffness improvements were observed.
- Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation
PubMed ID: 23224924
Longer citrulline dosing improved endothelial/ventricular function in HF and lowered BP metrics in that clinical context.
- Combined whole-body vibration training and l-citrulline supplementation improves pressure wave reflection in obese postmenopausal women
PubMed ID: 26863234
L-citrulline lowered brachial and aortic BP and increased plasma NO metabolites in postmenopausal women.
- Combined Citrulline and Glutathione Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women
PubMed ID: 37049398
CIT+GSH blunted BP reactivity to stress and increased ARG:ADMA ratio — clinically meaningful BP/vascular effects.
- Inter-Individual Responses to Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensives: A 24-Hour Analysis
PubMed ID: 31291417
In hypertensive adults, citrulline before aerobic exercise produced much larger and longer reductions in SBP/DBP over 24 h — strong BP evidence.
- Watermelon extract reduces blood pressure but does not change sympathovagal balance in prehypertensive and hypertensive subjects
PubMed ID: 26947668
Watermelon extract RCT lowered SBP by ~11.8 mmHg and DBP by ~6.9 mmHg in prehypertensive/hypertensive adults.
- The Assessment of short-term effect of L-Citrulline on endothelial function via FMD to NMD ratio in known CAD patients: A randomized, cross-over clinical trial (Clinical trial number: NCT02638727)
PubMed ID: 27648629
Improved endothelial function (FMD) in CAD patients implies vascular benefits that can support BP regulation (though not a direct ambulatory BP trial).
Strength (8)
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
PubMed ID: 20386132
Citrulline malate increased repetitions and performance in resistance exercise, indicative of enhanced short-term muscular power/endurance.
- Impact of Chronic Nitrate and Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Performance and Recovery in Spanish Professional Female Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40733006
CM+nitrate increased top speed and preserved anaerobic power—strong sport-specific power benefits (but confounded by nitrate).
- Initial Dietary Protein Intake Influence Muscle Function Adaptations in Older Men and Women Following High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Citrulline
PubMed ID: 31336654
10 g/day L‑citrulline combined with HIIT produced additional gains in muscle strength (notably in low‑protein subgroup) in older obese adults.
- Impact of L-citrulline supplementation and whole-body vibration training on arterial stiffness and leg muscle function in obese postmenopausal women with high blood pressure
PubMed ID: 25636814
Combination of L-citrulline with WBVT increased leg lean mass and strength more than citrulline alone—supports muscle-strength outcomes in that combined context.
- Effects of branched chain amino acids, l-citrulline, and alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine supplementation on exercise performance in trained cyclists: a randomized crossover trial
PubMed ID: 37229544
Peak cycling power increased +11% after 7 days of the citrulline-containing supplement — direct muscular power improvement though multi-ingredient.
- Combined L-citrulline and glutathione supplementation increases the concentration of markers indicative of nitric oxide synthesis
PubMed ID: 26097441
Citrulline+GSH raised plasma arginine and nitrite/NOx in resistance‑trained men—biomarker support for a stronger pump.
- Combined Citrulline and Glutathione Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women
PubMed ID: 37049398
CIT+GSH increased FMD and ARG/ADMA — mechanistically supportive of enhanced muscle pump.
- The Antioxidant Power of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold Potentiates the Effects of L-Citrulline in Athlete Performance and Vasodilation in a Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 40218864
Combination including L‑citrulline increased NO and RHI, consistent with improved vasodilation/pump effect (multi‑ingredient).
Exercise recovery (5)
- Effects of Combined Versus Single Supplementation of Creatine, Beta-Alanine, and L-Citrulline During Short Sprint Interval Training on Basketball Players' Performance: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40010353
Supplemented groups (including 6 g citrulline) showed greater training adaptations across sprint training—consistent with quicker recovery/adaptation.
- Impact of Chronic Nitrate and Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Performance and Recovery in Spanish Professional Female Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40733006
Combined nitrate+citrulline reduced post-match anaerobic power loss, indicating better post-exercise preservation/recovery.
- The Effect of Acute Pre-Workout Supplement Ingestion on Basketball-Specific Performance of Well-Trained Athletes
PubMed ID: 37242187
RAST improvements with a citrulline‑containing preworkout indicate faster recovery between repeated sprints.
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
PubMed ID: 20386132
Clear reduction in delayed onset muscle soreness and improved repetitions suggests faster recovery between sessions.
- Inter-Individual Responses to Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensives: A 24-Hour Analysis
PubMed ID: 31291417
Acute citrulline amplified post‑exercise hypotension and responder rates in hypertensives — suggests enhanced recovery physiology after exercise.
Healthy aging (4)
- Combined Citrulline and Glutathione Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women
PubMed ID: 37049398
CIT+GSH improved FMD and reduced pressor responses in postmenopausal women — may help age‑related vascular decline.
- Impact of L-citrulline supplementation and whole-body vibration training on arterial stiffness and leg muscle function in obese postmenopausal women with high blood pressure
PubMed ID: 25636814
In postmenopausal obese women, L-citrulline + WBVT improved large-artery stiffness and leg mass/strength—relevant to healthy aging.
- Initial Dietary Protein Intake Influence Muscle Function Adaptations in Older Men and Women Following High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Citrulline
PubMed ID: 31336654
In older obese adults, daily 10 g L‑citrulline with HIIT augmented strength gains and improved body composition in some subgroups — relevant to healthy aging.
- L-Citrulline Supplementation and Exercise in the Management of Sarcopenia
PubMed ID: 34579009
3 g/day citrulline‑malate for 6 weeks + exercise in adults ≥60 improved walking speed and showed anabolic/catabolic marker trends—relevant to functional aging.
Vitality (5)
- Eight weeks of resistance training in conjunction with glutathione and L-Citrulline supplementation increases lean mass and has no adverse effects on blood clinical safety markers in resistance-trained males
PubMed ID: 29945625
Early lean mass gains with GSH + L‑citrulline during RT may translate to perceived vitality improvements (combination).
- Arginine as an adjuvant to chemotherapy improves clinical outcome in active tuberculosis
PubMed ID: 12662006
Adjunctive arginine produced clinically meaningful improvements (weight gain, sputum conversion) suggesting improved host vitality in TB patients.
- Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
PubMed ID: 21154265
Reduced pulmonary pressures and better RV function in HFpEF support improved well‑being and vitality.
- Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation
PubMed ID: 23224924
Clinical improvements in ventricular function, endothelial index and functional class indicate increased vitality in HF patients.
- Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on l-Arginine Metabolism in Adults with Long COVID: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 36982151
Arginine+vitC improved arginine/ADMA and in long‑COVID context may restore vitality/fatigue symptoms.
Nutrient uptake (4)
- Adjuvant L-arginine treatment for in-vitro fertilization in poor responder patients
PubMed ID: 10402369
Oral L-arginine improved ovarian/perifollicular blood flow and oocyte yield (follicular citrulline rose) — relevant to enhanced local nutrient delivery.
- Combined Citrulline and Glutathione Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Blood Pressure Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women
PubMed ID: 37049398
CIT+GSH improved endothelial function and ARG/ADMA ratio — mechanisms favoring nutrient delivery during stress.
- Effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements on gut markers in stunted children: Secondary analysis of a randomised trial
PubMed ID: 40033718
Plasma citrulline was used as an enterocyte‑mass marker in a large nutrition RCT — directly related to gut absorptive capacity and thus nutrient delivery (indirect evidence for supplementation).
- Arginine as an adjuvant to chemotherapy improves clinical outcome in active tuberculosis
PubMed ID: 12662006
Adjunctive arginine improved weight gain and sputum conversion in TB (clinical nutrition/host response), implying improved nutrient/utilization pathways.
Sexual wellness (2)
- Improvement of erectile function by a combination of French maritime pine bark and roburins with aminoacids
PubMed ID: 25664962
A month of a multi‑ingredient supplement including citrulline and arginine improved erectile function (IIEF) to normal range versus placebo.
- Sperm quality in men is improved by supplementation with a combination of L-arginine, L-citrullin, roburins and Pycnogenol®
PubMed ID: 25531191
Combined supplement (including L‑citrulline) improved semen quality and sperm e‑NOS activity in subfertile men—direct sexual function benefit (multi‑ingredient caveat).
Energy & Fatigue (3)
- Changes in resistance training performance, rating of perceived exertion, and blood biomarkers after six weeks of supplementation with L-citrulline vs. L-citrulline DL-malate in resistance-trained men: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40470618
Six weeks of citrulline/CM increased reps-to-failure (endurance) and NOx—consistent with reduced muscular fatigue during resistance exercise.
- Effects of branched chain amino acids, l-citrulline, and alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine supplementation on exercise performance in trained cyclists: a randomized crossover trial
PubMed ID: 37229544
Time-to-fatigue increased markedly (~36%) in cyclists after 7-day supplement containing L-citrulline — supports reduced exercise fatigue (but multi-ingredient).
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
PubMed ID: 20386132
Large increase in repetitions and lower reported soreness are consistent with subjectively higher energy/ability in workouts.
Muscle soreness (1)
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
PubMed ID: 20386132
Randomized crossover: single 8 g citrulline malate dose reduced post-exercise muscle soreness ~40% at 24–48 h and improved repetitions.
Similar by evidence
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Products with Citrulline
Search all2488 products whose verified label declares Citrulline — not every bottle that mentions it in a title.
Being studied right now
Recruiting clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A trial in progress has no result yet — this is what the field is asking, not what it found.