Selenium
17 benefits mapped to clinical evidence across supplements.
Dose per serving from products
11,227 products in our catalogue print how much Selenium a serving holds.
Most common: 50 mcg to 100 mcg, 34% of 11,227 products.
| Dose per serving | Products |
|---|---|
| 5 mcg or less | 327 |
| 5 mcg to 10 mcg | 386 |
| 10 mcg to 25 mcg | 2,160 |
| 25 mcg to 50 mcg | 2,199 |
| 50 mcg to 100 mcg | 3,776 |
| 100 mcg to 250 mcg | 1,947 |
| over 250 mcg | 432 |
Dose per serving from research
342 study groups in 255 studies say how much Selenium participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 100 mcg to 250 mcg, 49% of 342 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 25 mcg or less | 10 |
| 25 mcg to 50 mcg | 30 |
| 50 mcg to 100 mcg | 80 |
| 100 mcg to 250 mcg | 169 |
| 250 mcg to 500 mcg | 35 |
| 500 mcg to 1 mg | 8 |
| over 1 mg | 10 |
Commonly used together
122 of 345 study groups took Selenium with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave. The 10 most common of 16.
What was given together, not what works together.
| Taken with | Study groups |
|---|---|
| Vitamin E | 55 |
| Vitamin C | 44 |
| Zinc | 41 |
| Beta-Carotene | 29 |
| Coenzyme Q10 | 20 |
| Probiotics | 9 |
| Vitamin A | 9 |
| Folic Acid | 8 |
| Copper | 7 |
| Iron | 7 |
Benefit Evidence
Lower mortality −9%
Lower cancer deaths −13%
Cardiovascular deaths −49%
Cardio mortality -49%
Heart function, biomarkers
Cholesterol reduced ~12%
Se status ↑, pregnancy outcomes
~20% lower complications
Antioxidants/GPx ↑, glucose↓
Asthma: better comfort
Ventilation: fewer days
Lung flow: slight gain
Se status ↑, pregnancy outcomes
~20% lower complications
Antioxidants/GPx ↑, glucose↓
Research sources
Cell health (97)
- [Intervention effects of selenium yeast on fine particulate matters-induced lung injury in rats]
PubMed ID: 29903097
PM2.5 rat model showed reduced TNF‑α/MDA and raised antioxidant enzymes — protection against pollutant‑induced cellular damage.
- Selenium supplementation lowers insulin resistance and markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with congestive heart failure: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 29936923
Improvements in antioxidant, inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers in CHF support cellular health.
- Is Selenium Supplementation Beneficial in Acute Ischemic Stroke?
PubMed ID: 34842573
IV selenium reduced TNF‑α and improved neurologic outcomes after acute ischemic stroke—consistent with reduced injury.
- Improving the selenium supply of vegans and omnivores with Brazil nut butter compared to a dietary supplement in a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 39891729
Rapid increases in SELENOP and GPX3 show improved cellular selenium handling and antioxidant enzyme capacity.
- Effects of postoperative antioxidants on the salivary glands in patients with thyroid cancer undergoing radioactive iodine-131 treatment
PubMed ID: 38312062
Selenium yeast (±vitamin C) protected salivary gland excretory function after high‑dose 131I in thyroid cancer patients.
- A micronutrient-fortified food enhances iron and selenium status of Zambian infants but has limited efficacy on zinc
PubMed ID: 21411608
Micronutrient‑fortified porridge improved serum Se and reduced anemia in infants — improved nutrient status supporting cellular health.
- Serum cytokine analysis in a positive chemoprevention trial: selenium, interleukin-2, and an association with squamous preneoplastic disease
PubMed ID: 20587703
Randomized selenomethionine reduced IL‑2 and was associated with regression of mild esophageal dysplasia — clinical biomarker + lesion benefit.
- Effect of Selenomethionine- Enriched Yeast on Hypothyroidism Patients
PubMed ID: 40951555
Reduction in MDA indicates decreased lipid peroxidation/oxidative damage after selenium supplementation.
- Intervention trial with selenium for the prevention of lung cancer among tin miners in Yunnan, China. A pilot study
PubMed ID: 1702663
Marked increases in GPx activity and large drops in lipid peroxides after high‑dose selenium indicate cellular protection from oxidative damage (biomarker evidence).
- [Preliminary observations on effect of selenium yeast on high risk populations with primary liver cancer]
PubMed ID: 1298601
Population trials showing lower primary liver cancer incidence with selenium supplementation are consistent with reduced long‑term cellular/genomic damage leading to cancer.
- Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. A randomized controlled trial. Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group
PubMed ID: 8971064
Overall cancer incidence/mortality reductions reported in RCT secondary analyses suggest some protection against malignant cell damage.
- [The relationship between selenium and immunity in large bowel cancer]
PubMed ID: 9275690
In colon cancer patients selenium raised serum Se and multiple T‑cell / NK markers — supportive of improved cellular immune parameters.
- The protective role of selenium on the toxicity of cisplatin-contained chemotherapy regimen in cancer patients
PubMed ID: 9197929
In chemotherapy patients selenium raised serum Se, improved WBC counts and reduced transfusion/G‑CSF needs — supports hematopoietic/cellular resilience.
- Supplementary selenium influences the response to fatty acid-induced oxidative stress in humans
PubMed ID: 9404675
Direct reduction in lipid‑peroxidation biomarkers indicates cellular protection from oxidative damage.
- [Selenium administration in patients with sepsis syndrome. A prospective randomized study]
PubMed ID: 9417494
Lowered sepsis mortality and improved organ‑failure scores consistent with reduced cell/organ damage in critical illness.
- Decreased incidence of prostate cancer with selenium supplementation: results of a double-blind cancer prevention trial
PubMed ID: 9634050
Marked reduction in prostate cancer incidence implies a protective effect against malignant cellular transformation in this population.
- Baseline characteristics and the effect of selenium supplementation on cancer incidence in a randomized clinical trial: a summary report of the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial
PubMed ID: 12101110
Lower overall cancer incidence in the NPC trial is consistent with reduced cell damage/oncogenesis risk (clinical outcome).
- Selenium supplementation decreases nuclear factor-kappa B activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from type 2 diabetic patients
PubMed ID: 15255784
Increased GPx and lowered NF-κB imply cellular protection from oxidative/inflammatory damage (biochemical evidence).
- [Selenium deficiency and its dietary correction in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and chronic catarrhal colitis]
PubMed ID: 17674518
Selenium-enriched supplement substantially reduced proportion of patients classified as selenium-deficient (restores status).
- Effect of supplementation with Se-enriched yeast and factors influencing Se concentration in plasma of transplant recipients
PubMed ID: 19203715
Long-term 200 µg/day Se-enriched yeast produced robust, sustained increases in plasma Se (restores/maintains Se status).
- The effect of selenium supplementation in the prevention of DNA damage in white blood cells of hemodialyzed patients: a pilot study
PubMed ID: 20661660
Hemodialysis RCT: large, rapid reductions in DNA single-strand breaks and FPG-sensitive oxidative lesions after selenium supplementation.
- Selenium supplementation improves the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 22764197
Lowered MDA and IL‑6 in dialysis patients suggests reduced oxidative/inflammatory cellular injury.
- Organic selenium supplementation increases mercury excretion and decreases oxidative damage in long-term mercury-exposed residents from Wanshan, China
PubMed ID: 23033886
Decreased oxidative DNA damage (8‑OHdG) and lipid peroxidation in humans exposed to mercury — evidence of cellular protection.
- Impact of treatment planning target volumen (PTV) size on radiation induced diarrhoea following selenium supplementation in gynecologic radiation oncology--a subgroup analysis of a multicenter, phase III trial
PubMed ID: 23531280
Sodium selenite substantially reduced radiotherapy‑induced diarrhoea (reduced tissue toxicity) in cancer patients deficient in Se.
- Studying the effect of antioxidants on cytogenetic manifestations of solvent exposure in the paint industry
PubMed ID: 23625906
Marked decrease in chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange after antioxidant supplementation that included selenium.
- The favourable effects of long-term selenium supplementation on regression of cervical tissues and metabolic profiles of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26439877
CIN1 trial: higher lesion regression and improved oxidative stress markers (GSH↑, MDA↓) implies protection of cervical cells.
- The effect on selenium concentrations of a randomized intervention with fish and mussels in a population with relatively low habitual dietary selenium intake
PubMed ID: 25599275
Dietary intervention raised whole‑blood Se and SelP—improves systemic selenoprotein status relevant to cellular function.
- Selenium Supplementation Affects Insulin Resistance and Serum hs-CRP in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease
PubMed ID: 26743526
T2DM+CHD RCT: improvements in insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and TAC indicate enhanced cellular metabolic/antioxidant health.
- Selenium Supplementation for Prevention of Late-Onset Sepsis in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Neonates
PubMed ID: 26867560
Preterm neonatal RCT: selenium normalized serum Se and markedly reduced late‑onset sepsis—strong evidence of improved cellular/host defenses in neonates.
- Food as medicine: Selenium enriched lentils offer relief against chronic arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh
PubMed ID: 31299617
Selenium-rich lentils increased arsenic elimination and improved health measures in arsenic-exposed adults, indicating cellular protection via detoxification.
- Effect of Selenium on Incidence and Severity of Mucositis during Radiotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
PubMed ID: 32895660
400 µg/day Se transiently reduced severe oral mucositis during radiotherapy at week 3 (partial mucosal protection signal, limited overall effect).
- Association of selenium status with endothelial activation during acute systemic inflammation in children
PubMed ID: 35063229
Higher erythrocyte Se correlated with lower organ dysfunction (PELOD‑2) in pediatric SIRS — suggests better cellular/endothelial health with higher Se status.
- Evaluation of Selenium Supplementation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcome: An Outcome Assessor Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Feasibility Study
PubMed ID: 35263859
IV Se produced short‑term neurological/functional improvements after ischemic stroke (signal for cellular/neural benefit acutely).
- The effect of selenium supplementation on disease activity and immune-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37525068
Selenomethionine 200 µg/day improved disease activity and reduced IL‑17 in ulcerative colitis, indicating anti‑inflammatory/cell‑protective effects on gut mucosa.
- The effect of selenium yeast in the prevention of adverse reactions related to platinum-based combination therapy in patients with malignant tumors
PubMed ID: 37975373
Selenium yeast with chemotherapy improved performance scores and reduced side effects, consistent with preserved cellular function during treatment.
- Selenium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation and Its Influence on Nerve Function Parameters and Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study
PubMed ID: 41504164
Improved antioxidant balance (PAB) suggests cellular protection against oxidative damage in diabetic neuropathy participants.
- Effects of vitamin E, age and sex on performance of Japanese quail. 1. Haematological indices and liver function
PubMed ID: 18085449
Quail with supplemental Se showed reduced erythrocyte fragility and higher antioxidant enzyme activity—cell membrane protection (animal evidence).
- Dietary supplementation of selenium in inorganic and organic forms differentially and commonly alters blood and liver selenium concentrations and liver gene expression profiles of growing beef heifers
PubMed ID: 20387001
Heifer study: Se form influenced tissue Se and altered hepatic gene expression (broad cellular effects; animal evidence).
- Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population
PubMed ID: 8360931
Population trial including Se showed lower cancer and total mortality—consistent with reduced long‑term cellular damage (combination intervention).
- Effects of trace element and/or vitamin supplementation on vitamin and mineral status, free radical metabolism and immunological markers in elderly long term-hospitalized subjects. Geriatric Network MIN. VIT. AOX
PubMed ID: 9433680
Elderly patients had raised serum Se and Se‑GPx with modest immune marker changes — supportive of cellular health improvements.
- Effects of supplementation with a combination of antioxidant vitamins and trace elements, at nutritional doses, on biochemical indicators and markers of the antioxidant system in adult subjects
PubMed ID: 9627910
Clear increases in Se status and GPx activity after supplementation — improves cellular antioxidant systems (direct biomarker evidence).
- Improved antioxidant and fatty acid status of patients with cystic fibrosis after antioxidant supplementation is linked to improved lung function
PubMed ID: 12499335
Raised Se and GPx; Δselenium correlated with Δ%FEV1 (suggests biologic activity), indicating protection at cellular/organ level (association, not causation).
- Influence of a drink containing different antioxidants and Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on plasma total antioxidant capacity, selenium status and faecal microbial flora
PubMed ID: 12850889
Increased selenoprotein P and total antioxidant capacity — indicates improved selenium‑dependent cellular function.
- Folate levels determine effect of antioxidant supplementation on micronuclei in subjects with cardiovascular risk
PubMed ID: 15548759
Reduced micronucleus frequency (chromosomal damage) and oxidative markers in MI survivors after antioxidant supplementation including Se.
- [Effect of multiple micronutrients supplementation on anti-oxidative activity and oxidized DNA damage of lymphocytes in children]
PubMed ID: 15941534
Multivitamin with Se increased GSH-Px and reduced lymphocyte DNA oxidation in children—evidence of reduced cellular oxidative damage.
- Antioxidant micronutrients improve intrinsic and UV-induced apoptosis of human lymphocytes particularly in elderly people
PubMed ID: 22159782
Multinutrient supplementation (including Se) reduced intrinsic and UV-induced lymphocyte apoptosis — direct cellular protection marker.
- Antioxidative capacity of a dietary supplement on retinal hemodynamic function in a human lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model
PubMed ID: 25525163
Se-containing antioxidant formula largely restored retinal vascular responses after endotoxin challenge — protection against inflammatory damage.
- Perioperative metabolic therapy improves redox status and outcomes in cardiac surgery patients: a randomised trial
PubMed ID: 20674497
Perioperative regimen including selenium reduced troponin I after cardiac surgery — less myocardial injury (clinical outcome, combined).
- Levels of sP-selectin and hs-CRP Decrease with Dietary Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Combined: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 26375288
Reductions in CRP and platelet activation marker with Se+CoQ10 suggest lower systemic injury/inflammation (combined RCT).
- Significant changes in circulating microRNA by dietary supplementation of selenium and coenzyme Q10 in healthy elderly males. A subgroup analysis of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 28448590
Se+CoQ10 caused broad and significant changes in circulating microRNA profiles in elderly — indicates cellular regulatory effects (combined).
- Increase in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 after supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10. A prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 28609475
Se+CoQ10 raised IGF‑1 and related markers in elderly — hormone/metabolic markers relevant to cellular function (combined).
- Less fibrosis in elderly subjects supplemented with selenium and coenzyme Q10-A mechanism behind reduced cardiovascular mortality?
PubMed ID: 29220105
Se+CoQ10 lowered multiple fibrogenic biomarkers in elderly, suggesting reduced tissue remodeling/damage (combined).
- Selenium and Coenzyme Q(10) Intervention Prevents Telomere Attrition, with Association to Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality-Sub-Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 36014852
Slower leukocyte telomere shortening with Se+CoQ10 suggests reduced cellular aging/damage; RCT evidence but combined treatment.
- Selenium and coenzyme Q(10) improve the systemic redox status while reducing cardiovascular mortality in elderly population-based individuals
PubMed ID: 37179031
Improved systemic redox (free thiols) after Se+CoQ10 indicates reduced oxidative stress and cellular damage risk; combined therapy.
- Selenoprotein P increases upon selenium and coenzyme Q(10) supplementation and is associated with telomere length, quality of life and reduced inflammation and mortality
PubMed ID: 38960007
Increased selenoprotein P and associations with lower inflammation and longer telomeres suggest cellular protection following selenium yeast + CoQ10.
- Effects of selenium and zinc supplementation on nutritional status in patients with cancer of digestive tract
PubMed ID: 11360134
Se+Zn tablets preserved nutritional status and reduced asthenia in cancer patients—supports cellular nutritional status though product combined.
- Effects of fortified milk on morbidity in young children in north India: community based, randomised, double masked placebo controlled trial
PubMed ID: 17132678
Fortified milk (with Se among other micronutrients) improved growth and reduced serious illness days in children—supports cellular growth/health broadly.
- Women with endometriosis improved their peripheral antioxidant markers after the application of a high antioxidant diet
PubMed ID: 19476631
High‑antioxidant diet raised GPx and lowered lipid peroxidation (MDA), indicating reduced cellular oxidative damage (diet included Se).
- Differential responses to selenomethionine supplementation by sex and genotype in healthy adults
PubMed ID: 21936966
Large SeMet dose–response human trial produced clear, sustained increases in plasma, urinary and buccal Se — strong biomarker support for cellular Se status.
- Multicenter, phase 3 trial comparing selenium supplementation with observation in gynecologic radiation oncology
PubMed ID: 20133068
Phase 3 RCT in selenium-deficient radiotherapy patients: selenium increased blood Se and substantially reduced radiation-induced diarrhea—direct protection against RT injury.
- Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E on the Level of Sperm HSPA2+, Intracellular Superoxide Anion and Chromatin Integrity in Idiopathic Asthenoteratozoospermia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 34516655
Selenium + vitamin E reduced sperm oxidative damage and apoptosis—protects germ cells (combination therapy).
- Impacts of subway air particles on healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial in a Chinese city
PubMed ID: 40629394
PM exposure lowered GPX1 and urinary Se, associated with small declines in FEV1—links Se/antioxidant depletion to cellular/lung damage.
- Consumption of salmon v. salmon oil capsules: effects on n-3 PUFA and selenium status
PubMed ID: 21736825
Dietary salmon markedly raised plasma Se compared with capsules—clear evidence diet can improve Se status relevant to cellular enzymes (e.g., GPx).
- Long-term supplementation with selenate and selenomethionine: selenium and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) in blood components of New Zealand women
PubMed ID: 8490010
Supplementation increased Se and multiple GPx activities across blood compartments (broad cellular biomarker effects).
- Selenate fortification improves selenium status of term infants fed soy formula
PubMed ID: 7825537
Fortified soy formula maintained blood Se and GPx in infants — supports cellular selenoprotein function during development.
- [Selenium administration in sepsis patients]
PubMed ID: 9417486
Sodium selenite normalized GPx and reduced acute renal failure in critically ill patients (clinical outcome consistent with protection from injury).
- Selenium replacement in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome improves clinical outcome
PubMed ID: 10507602
High‑dose IV Se normalized Se/GPx and reduced need for dialysis (less organ damage/complication in critical illness).
- An estimation of selenium requirements for New Zealanders
PubMed ID: 10539752
Dose–response increases in GPx and selenoprotein P and thyroid hormone changes indicate improved cellular selenoprotein status.
- Selenium supplementation of children in a selenium-deficient area in China: blood selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activities
PubMed ID: 11049204
Se dosing in deficient children greatly increased GPx and Se body pools—supports cellular antioxidant systems.
- [The prevention of primary liver cancer by selenium in high risk populations]
PubMed ID: 11860943
Large RCT showed Se increased GPx and decreased micronuclei and liver cancer risk—evidence of cellular protection.
- Effects of organic and inorganic selenium supplementation on selenoenzyme activity in blood lymphocytes, granulocytes, platelets and erythrocytes
PubMed ID: 10781391
Increases in cellular GPx isoforms and blood Se demonstrate enhanced cellular selenoenzyme function.
- Selenium supplements do not increase plasma total homocysteine concentrations in men and women
PubMed ID: 12566477
200 µg/d Se raised plasma Se and GPx activity in healthy adults—improves cellular antioxidant enzyme capacity.
- Selenium substitution has no direct effect on thyroid hormone metabolism in critically ill patients
PubMed ID: 15248821
Se restored plasma Se and GSH‑Px in septic patients and was linked to better recovery—supports cellular function in critical illness.
- Effectiveness of selenium supplements in a low-selenium area of China
PubMed ID: 15817859
Bioavailability/dose data show selenomethionine more effective at restoring GPx—relevant to optimizing cellular selenoprotein expression.
- Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status in stage (III) human oral squamous cell carcinoma and treated with radical radio therapy: influence of selenium supplementation
PubMed ID: 16831410
Se during radiotherapy improved antioxidant markers that can reduce radiation-induced cellular damage.
- Hemolysate thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities correlate with serum selenium in a group of New Zealand men at high prostate cancer risk
PubMed ID: 16857846
Supplementation increased thioredoxin reductase (a key cellular redox enzyme) in men at high prostate-cancer risk.
- Selenium in Intensive Care (SIC): results of a prospective randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple-center study in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock
PubMed ID: 17095947
Increased whole-blood Se and GPx-3 activity in sepsis patients indicates improvement in cellular redox capacity during critical illness.
- Prevention of clinical mastitis with barium selenate in dairy goats from a selenium-deficient area
PubMed ID: 17430938
In Se-deficient goats, injection increased GSHPx and reduced mastitis incidence — animal evidence of systemic cellular benefit.
- Brazil nuts: an effective way to improve selenium status
PubMed ID: 18258628
Brazil nuts increased GPx activity and plasma Se, supporting cellular antioxidant protection.
- Selenium supplementation improves antioxidant capacity in vitro and in vivo in patients with coronary artery disease The SElenium Therapy in Coronary Artery disease Patients (SETCAP) Study
PubMed ID: 19033020
Raised GPx-1 activity in CAD patients, indicating enhanced enzymatic protection against oxidative damage despite no vascular benefit.
- Response of selenium status indicators to supplementation of healthy North American men with high-selenium yeast
PubMed ID: 18193397
48-week high-Se yeast produced large increases in plasma and erythrocyte Se and urinary excretion — robust biomarker changes relevant to cellular Se status.
- Influence of early antioxidant supplements on clinical evolution and organ function in critically ill cardiac surgery, major trauma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
PubMed ID: 18687132
Antioxidant mix including Se restored Se/GPx and lowered CRP in very sick patients, suggesting reduced cell damage/inflammation.
- Establishing optimal selenium status: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 20181815
Graded supplementation raised plasma Se and selenoprotein P dose-dependently in older adults (functional cellular biomarker changes).
- Limited effects of selenium substitution in the prevention of radiation-associated toxicities. results of a randomized study in head and neck cancer patients
PubMed ID: 20592387
Peri‑radiotherapy sodium selenite reduced dysphagia/ageusia (less mucosal damage) in head & neck cancer patients.
- Optimization of selenoprotein P and other plasma selenium biomarkers for the assessment of the selenium nutritional requirement: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study of selenomethionine supplementation in selenium-deficient Chinese subjects
PubMed ID: 20573787
Dose–response RCT in Se-deficient adults optimized SEPP1 and GPx (core selenoproteins central to cellular function).
- Associations between glutathione peroxidase-1 Pro198Leu polymorphism, selenium status, and DNA damage levels in obese women after consumption of Brazil nuts
PubMed ID: 21208780
Increased GPx and reduced DNA damage after Brazil‑nut indicate improved cellular defense mechanisms.
- Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial
PubMed ID: 21445287
Dose‑dependent changes in selenoprotein mRNAs and plasma Se in older adults — direct effects on selenoprotein biology and cellular function.
- High-dose selenium reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia and illness severity in critically ill patients with systemic inflammation
PubMed ID: 21445641
Raised plasma GPx‑3 and improved ICU clinical metrics suggest enhanced cellular resilience in severe illness.
- Influence of the glutathione peroxidase 1 Pro200Leu polymorphism on the response of glutathione peroxidase activity to selenium supplementation: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 22952184
Increased whole‑blood GPx activity in RCT supports improved cellular antioxidant enzyme capacity.
- The efficacy of selenium in prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic SCT: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23292233
Oral Se in HSCT patients reduced severity/duration of mucositis — less tissue injury after cytotoxic therapy.
- Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24938534
Robust reductions in oxidative biomarkers and dose‑dependent plasma Se increases indicate improved cellular redox balance.
- Improvement of antioxidant status after Brazil nut intake in hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects
PubMed ID: 26022214
Decreased oxidized‑LDL and raised GPx indicate reduced oxidative damage to lipids/cells in humans.
- Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
PubMed ID: 26686847
Improved GPx and metabolic markers in diabetic nephropathy — supports cellular metabolic homeostasis.
- Biomarkers in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis supplemented with high-dose selenium
PubMed ID: 26004888
Raised plasma Se and GSHPx in critically ill indicate restoration of cellular antioxidant capacity though clinical outcomes unchanged.
- The Protective Effects of Different Sources of Maternal Selenium on Oxidative Stressed Chick Embryo Liver
PubMed ID: 26554950
Maternal Se reduced ROS/MDA/8‑OHdG in embryos (animal) — direct markers of reduced cellular damage.
- Selenium Deficiency Mainly Influences Antioxidant Selenoproteins Expression in Broiler Immune Organs
PubMed ID: 26631053
Broad downregulation of selenoproteins under deficiency demonstrates central role in cellular health (animal data).
- The effects of selenium supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 27647263
Improved TAC/GSH and reduced MMP‑2 in diabetic nephropathy — markers consistent with reduced cellular injury.
Antioxidant (111)
- Optimization of selenoprotein P and other plasma selenium biomarkers for the assessment of the selenium nutritional requirement: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study of selenomethionine supplementation in selenium-deficient Chinese subjects
PubMed ID: 20573787
Well-controlled dose–response RCT showing optimization of SEPP1 and GPx in Se-deficient adults (strong support for antioxidant capacity).
- Association of selenium status and blood glutathione concentrations in blacks and whites
PubMed ID: 21462082
Observational association between plasma Se and GSH/GCL activity supports antioxidant role.
- Associations between glutathione peroxidase-1 Pro198Leu polymorphism, selenium status, and DNA damage levels in obese women after consumption of Brazil nuts
PubMed ID: 21208780
Brazil‑nut RCT markedly increased plasma Se and GPx and reduced DNA damage — strong antioxidant evidence.
- Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial
PubMed ID: 21445287
Se‑yeast RCT increased plasma Se and altered selenoprotein mRNA (SEPS1), with GPx activity changes — direct selenoprotein/antioxidant effects.
- High-dose selenium substitution in sepsis: a prospective randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 21347869
High‑dose IV Se in septic patients rapidly raised plasma Se and GPx though without mortality benefit — biomarker antioxidant effect.
- High-dose selenium reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia and illness severity in critically ill patients with systemic inflammation
PubMed ID: 21445641
High‑dose IV selenium in ICU raised GPx‑3 activity and reduced clinical complications (supports antioxidant role in critical illness).
- Selenium glycinate supplementation increases blood glutathione peroxidase activities and decreases prostate-specific antigen readings in middle-aged US men
PubMed ID: 21419321
200 µg/day Se (glycinate) RCT increased erythrocyte and plasma GPx activities in men.
- Influence of the glutathione peroxidase 1 Pro200Leu polymorphism on the response of glutathione peroxidase activity to selenium supplementation: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 22952184
Large RCT showing clear increases in whole‑blood GPx activity with supplementation.
- Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24938534
Randomized human trial (Se‑yeast) produced dose‑dependent increases in plasma Se with significant reductions in urinary oxidative biomarkers.
- Improvement of antioxidant status after Brazil nut intake in hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects
PubMed ID: 26022214
Strong human RCT (Brazil nut) showing marked plasma Se rise and GPx3 increase and reduced oxidized‑LDL.
- Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
PubMed ID: 26686847
200 μg/day increased GPx and improved redox markers in diabetic nephropathy (human RCT).
- High dietary selenium and vitamin E supplementation ameliorates the impacts of heat load on oxidative status and acid-base balance in sheep
PubMed ID: 26440003
Se+vitE reduced physiological and oxidative responses to heat stress in sheep — protection from thermal environmental stress.
- Biomarkers in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis supplemented with high-dose selenium
PubMed ID: 26004888
Critically ill patients had raised plasma Se and GSHPx activity after supplementation — biochemical antioxidant effect.
- The Protective Effects of Different Sources of Maternal Selenium on Oxidative Stressed Chick Embryo Liver
PubMed ID: 26554950
Maternal Se in hens increased GPx, SOD and lowered oxidative markers in embryos — consistent antioxidant effects in animals.
- The effects of selenium supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 27647263
(duplicate entry noted) Increased TAC/GSH in diabetic nephropathy trial.
- Antioxidant reserve of the lungs and ventilator-associated pneumonia: A clinical trial of high dose selenium in critically ill patients
PubMed ID: 29288963
Ventilated ICU patients had increased serum Se and GPx‑3 activity — clear antioxidant biomarker change.
- [Intervention effects of selenium yeast on fine particulate matters-induced lung injury in rats]
PubMed ID: 29903097
Rodent PM2.5 model: Se‑yeast decreased MDA and increased GSH‑Px/T‑SOD — robust antioxidant protection in exposure model.
- Selenium supplementation lowers insulin resistance and markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with congestive heart failure: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 29936923
Heart‑failure RCT increased TAC/GSH and lowered hs‑CRP — strong antioxidant/inflammatory improvements.
- The Effect of Intravenous Selenium on Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
PubMed ID: 30001171
IV sodium selenite restored Se/GPx3 and lowered proinflammatory cytokines in ARDS (human RCT) — strong antioxidant signal.
- The effects of selenium administration on carotid intima-media thickness and metabolic status in diabetic hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35063243
Diabetic hemodialysis RCT increased total glutathione and reduced CRP—consistent antioxidant/oxidative‑stress improvement.
- The Effects of Probiotic and Selenium Co-supplementation on Clinical and Metabolic Scales in Chronic Schizophrenia: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 33409919
Probiotic+selenium trial increased total antioxidant capacity and glutathione (combination intervention).
- Is Selenium Supplementation Beneficial in Acute Ischemic Stroke?
PubMed ID: 34842573
IV selenium in acute ischemic stroke markedly increased GPx and total antioxidant activity.
- The effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins and biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 36184253
PCOS IVF trial reduced MDA and improved HOMA‑IR—evidence of reduced oxidative stress with selenium.
- Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status
PubMed ID: 35365371
Atherosclerosis trial increased GPx activity and decreased MDA (direct antioxidant marker changes).
- The effect of crocin-selenium nanoparticles on the cognition and oxidative stress markers of multiple sclerosis patients: a randomized triple-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37917350
Crocin–selenium nanoparticles increased TAC in MS patients (combination product, small trial).
- Improving the selenium supply of vegans and omnivores with Brazil nut butter compared to a dietary supplement in a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 39891729
Brazil‑nut/supplement RCT rapidly raised serum Se, SELENOP and GPX3 activity (functional antioxidant markers).
- Impact of nano-selenium supplementation add-on sertraline on depressive symptoms and oxidative stress in patients with major depressive disorder: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 41057673
Nano‑selenium adjunct increased TAC and GPx activity alongside clinical benefit in depression trial.
- Effects of postoperative antioxidants on the salivary glands in patients with thyroid cancer undergoing radioactive iodine-131 treatment
PubMed ID: 38312062
Selenium yeast (±vitamin C) limited salivary gland dysfunction after radioactive iodine exposure—evidence of radioprotection.
- Effect of Selenomethionine- Enriched Yeast on Hypothyroidism Patients
PubMed ID: 40951555
Randomized trial showed decreased MDA (oxidative‑stress marker) after 60 days of 200 µg selenomethionine.
- Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of intravenous antioxidant (n-acetylcysteine, selenium, vitamin C) therapy in severe acute pancreatitis
PubMed ID: 17356040
IV antioxidant therapy including Se lowered oxidative‑stress markers in severe acute pancreatitis (biochemical benefit).
- Long-term (56-week) oral administration of probiotic Enterococcus faecium M-74 decreases the expression of sICAM-1 and monocyte CD54, and increases that of lymphocyte CD49d in humans
PubMed ID: 16080364
Probiotic product containing selenium reduced inflammatory/adhesion markers over 56 weeks; plausible antioxidant/anti‑inflammatory signal though multi‑component.
- Intervention trial with selenium for the prevention of lung cancer among tin miners in Yunnan, China. A pilot study
PubMed ID: 1702663
One‑year 300 µg/day selenium in tin miners greatly increased glutathione‑peroxidase activity and sharply lowered lipid peroxides—strong biomarker evidence of antioxidant effects.
- Supplementary selenium influences the response to fatty acid-induced oxidative stress in humans
PubMed ID: 9404675
Randomized trial: selenium blunted PUFA‑induced increases in conjugated dienes and TBARS (clear antioxidant biomarker protection).
- [Selenium administration in patients with sepsis syndrome. A prospective randomized study]
PubMed ID: 9417494
Sodium selenite in sepsis improved outcomes and likely acted via antioxidant/selenoprotein mechanisms (clinical benefit consistent with reduced oxidative damage).
- Selenium supplementation decreases nuclear factor-kappa B activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from type 2 diabetic patients
PubMed ID: 15255784
High-dose Se increased red-cell Se‑dependent GPx activity and lowered NF-κB in T2DM patients (direct antioxidant/enzyme evidence).
- [Investigation of antioxidant therapy with sodium selenite in acute pancreatitis. A prospective randomized blind trial]
PubMed ID: 15599680
Sodium selenite increased antioxidant biomarkers in acute pancreatitis but produced no clinical benefit.
- Prooxidant-antioxidant balance in pregnancy: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of selenium supplementation
PubMed ID: 20629489
100 µg/day selenium in pregnant women prevented the pregnancy-associated rise in prooxidant–antioxidant balance (PAB) vs placebo.
- The effect of selenium supplementation in the prevention of DNA damage in white blood cells of hemodialyzed patients: a pilot study
PubMed ID: 20661660
200 µg/day in hemodialysis patients raised plasma Se and produced large reductions in DNA oxidative-damage markers (strong biomarker evidence).
- Selenium supplementation improves the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 22764197
RCT in dialysis patients showed reductions in MDA and blunted IL‑6 increase — clear evidence of antioxidant/anti‑inflammatory effects.
- Organic selenium supplementation increases mercury excretion and decreases oxidative damage in long-term mercury-exposed residents from Wanshan, China
PubMed ID: 23033886
Randomized trial in mercury‑exposed humans lowered urinary MDA and 8‑OHdG — direct human antioxidant biomarker improvements.
- Studying the effect of antioxidants on cytogenetic manifestations of solvent exposure in the paint industry
PubMed ID: 23625906
Antioxidant mix including selenium reversed chromosomal damage in solvent‑exposed workers (selenium was part of effective mix).
- The favourable effects of long-term selenium supplementation on regression of cervical tissues and metabolic profiles of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26439877
CIN1 RCT: selenium increased GSH and reduced MDA—clear antioxidant marker improvements.
- Effects of selenium and vitamin E on performance, physiological response, and selenium balance in heat-stressed sheep
PubMed ID: 26020746
Heat‑stressed sheep: Se+vitE increased plasma antioxidant status—animal evidence of antioxidant support.
- Placental Cadmium Levels Are Associated with Increased Preeclampsia Risk
PubMed ID: 26422011
Placental Se mitigated cadmium‑associated preeclampsia risk—evidence Se can protect against heavy‑metal stress in pregnancy.
- Selenium Supplementation Affects Insulin Resistance and Serum hs-CRP in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease
PubMed ID: 26743526
T2DM+CHD RCT: selenium raised total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reduced hs‑CRP—robust antioxidant/inflammatory effects.
- Food as medicine: Selenium enriched lentils offer relief against chronic arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh
PubMed ID: 31299617
Selenium from lentils enhanced arsenic excretion and improved health in chronically exposed adults—direct protection against an environmental toxin.
- Antioxidants for Pancreatic Functions in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Double-blind Randomized Placebo-controlled Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 30789855
Antioxidant supplement regimen that included Se raised blood antioxidant levels in chronic pancreatitis patients (biomarker increase without clinical benefit).
- The effect of selenium yeast in the prevention of adverse reactions related to platinum-based combination therapy in patients with malignant tumors
PubMed ID: 37975373
Selenium yeast with platinum chemotherapy reduced side effects and improved function — consistent with antioxidant/ cytoprotective effects during chemo.
- [The possibility of correcting oxidative stress in patients with inflammatory type of chronic abacterial prostatitis (chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIa)]
PubMed ID: 38156679
Selzinc‑plus complex (contains Se) restored antioxidant defenses in prostatitis patients (antioxidant biomarkers improved; combination product).
- Selenium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation and Its Influence on Nerve Function Parameters and Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study
PubMed ID: 41504164
Selenium‑enriched yeast decreased pro‑oxidant/antioxidant balance (improved antioxidant markers) in diabetic neuropathy trial.
- Impacts of subway air particles on healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial in a Chinese city
PubMed ID: 40629394
Direct evidence that environmental PM exposure lowers Se and GPX1 and is associated with lung function decline—Se implicated in protection against environmental oxidative stress.
- Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E on the Level of Sperm HSPA2+, Intracellular Superoxide Anion and Chromatin Integrity in Idiopathic Asthenoteratozoospermia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 34516655
Randomized trial of selenium (200 µg) + vitamin E lowered intracellular superoxide and sperm apoptosis—clear antioxidant effects (combination therapy).
- Multicenter, phase 3 trial comparing selenium supplementation with observation in gynecologic radiation oncology
PubMed ID: 20133068
Selenium supplementation in selenium-deficient radiotherapy patients markedly reduced RT-induced diarrhea—strong evidence of protection against radiation (an environmental/therapeutic stressor).
- Comparative study of DL-selenomethionine vs sodium selenite and seleno-yeast on antioxidant activity and selenium status in laying hens
PubMed ID: 25717085
Organic Se increased GSH‑Px and SOD activity in hens — consistent animal evidence of enhanced antioxidant enzymes.
- Differential responses to selenomethionine supplementation by sex and genotype in healthy adults
PubMed ID: 21936966
Dose-dependent SeMet increased systemic Se biomarkers — supports capacity to raise Se-dependent antioxidant systems.
- Effect of selenium and vitamin C on clinical outcomes, trace element status, and antioxidant enzyme activity in horses with acute and chronic lower airway disease. A randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23479319
Sodium selenite + vitamin C in horses increased antioxidant enzymes and reduced oxidative stress markers (animal study).
- Women with endometriosis improved their peripheral antioxidant markers after the application of a high antioxidant diet
PubMed ID: 19476631
High‑antioxidant diet (including some Se) markedly increased GPx activity and other antioxidant enzymes in women with endometriosis.
- Selenoprotein P increases upon selenium and coenzyme Q(10) supplementation and is associated with telomere length, quality of life and reduced inflammation and mortality
PubMed ID: 38960007
Selenium yeast (200 µg/day) + CoQ10 markedly increased selenoprotein P and associated with lower inflammation and oxidative markers — supports antioxidant role for selenium (but coadministered with CoQ10).
- Selenium and coenzyme Q(10) improve the systemic redox status while reducing cardiovascular mortality in elderly population-based individuals
PubMed ID: 37179031
Se+CoQ10 increased serum free thiols (improved systemic redox) in an RCT — strong antioxidant/redox biomarker effect though combined therapy.
- Impact of Coenzyme Q10 and Selenium on Seminal Fluid Parameters and Antioxidant Status in Men with Idiopathic Infertility
PubMed ID: 32572802
In men with idiopathic sperm defects, selenium (200 µg) improved antioxidant enzyme activity (TAC, SOD) alongside some motility gains — evidence of antioxidant support.
- Significant changes in circulating microRNA by dietary supplementation of selenium and coenzyme Q10 in healthy elderly males. A subgroup analysis of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 28448590
Se+CoQ10 produced major shifts in circulating microRNAs linked to cellular stress responses — mechanistic antioxidant/ stress signal (combined).
- Levels of sP-selectin and hs-CRP Decrease with Dietary Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Combined: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 26375288
Se+CoQ10 lowered CRP and sP‑selectin and showed improved systemic inflammatory/oxidative markers (combined RCT).
- Less increase of copeptin and MR-proADM due to intervention with selenium and coenzyme Q10 combined: Results from a 4-year prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 26662217
Se+CoQ10 attenuated increases in copeptin and MR‑proADM (stress biomarkers) over 4 years — indicates reduced physiological stress responses (combined).
- Perioperative metabolic therapy improves redox status and outcomes in cardiac surgery patients: a randomised trial
PubMed ID: 20674497
Perioperative antioxidant regimen including selenium improved redox markers and attenuated surgery‑induced oxidative changes (clinical RCT, combined regimen).
- Antioxidative capacity of a dietary supplement on retinal hemodynamic function in a human lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model
PubMed ID: 25525163
Short antioxidant supplementation including Se restored retinal vascular responses after inflammatory challenge — supports antioxidant protection.
- Antioxidant therapy does not reduce pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis: the ANTICIPATE study
PubMed ID: 22683257
Antioxidant mix that included Se increased blood antioxidant levels in chronic pancreatitis patients though without clinical pain benefit.
- Antioxidant micronutrients improve intrinsic and UV-induced apoptosis of human lymphocytes particularly in elderly people
PubMed ID: 22159782
Se-containing antioxidant supplement raised plasma Se and reduced spontaneous and UV-induced lymphocyte death — good biomarker evidence of antioxidant action.
- [Effect of multiple micronutrients supplementation on anti-oxidative activity and oxidized DNA damage of lymphocytes in children]
PubMed ID: 15941534
Multivitamin (includes Se) increased plasma Se, GSH-Px activity and reduced lymphocyte DNA oxidation in children—clear biochemical antioxidant effect (multi-nutrient).
- Folate levels determine effect of antioxidant supplementation on micronuclei in subjects with cardiovascular risk
PubMed ID: 15548759
Antioxidant supplementation including Se increased FRAP and decreased MDA and micronucleus frequency in MI survivors—supports antioxidant role (combination therapy).
- Influence of a drink containing different antioxidants and Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on plasma total antioxidant capacity, selenium status and faecal microbial flora
PubMed ID: 12850889
(duplicate entry consolidated above)
- Improved antioxidant and fatty acid status of patients with cystic fibrosis after antioxidant supplementation is linked to improved lung function
PubMed ID: 12499335
High‑dose antioxidant regimen increased plasma Se and erythrocyte GPx activity (significant changes) — strong biochemical antioxidant evidence.
- Effect of antioxidant supplementation on urine and blood markers of oxidative stress during extended moderate-altitude training
PubMed ID: 10442154
At altitude, antioxidant supplement (including Se) prevented the expected plasma LPO rise — direct evidence of protection against environmental oxidative stress.
- Oxidative stress in humans during work at moderate altitude
PubMed ID: 10539777
Marine altitude study: antioxidant mixture (includes Se) lowered breath pentane under environmental/oxidative stress — suggests protective effect.
- Effects of supplementation with a combination of antioxidant vitamins and trace elements, at nutritional doses, on biochemical indicators and markers of the antioxidant system in adult subjects
PubMed ID: 9627910
Randomized double‑blind trial: supplementation (including 100 µg Se) clearly raised blood Se and GPx activity — direct antioxidant biomarker improvement.
- Glutathione peroxidase in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the effects of selenium supplementation
PubMed ID: 9726810
ALS patients given a multi‑component regimen including Se showed increased erythrocyte GSH‑Px activity — biochemical antioxidant effect though Se not isolated.
- Effects of trace element and/or vitamin supplementation on vitamin and mineral status, free radical metabolism and immunological markers in elderly long term-hospitalized subjects. Geriatric Network MIN. VIT. AOX
PubMed ID: 9433680
Trace element supplementation raised serum Se and Se‑dependent GPx in elderly institutionalized patients — biomarker evidence for antioxidant support.
- Effect of a two-year supplementation with low doses of antioxidant vitamins and/or minerals in elderly subjects on levels of nutrients and antioxidant defense parameters
PubMed ID: 9263186
Low‑dose vitamin/mineral trial in elderly raised serum Se and erythrocyte GPx activity and RBC resistance to oxidative stress—direct antioxidant biomarker improvements (combined supplement).
- Effect of 6 month supplementation with different combinations of an association of antioxidant nutrients on biochemical parameters and markers of the antioxidant defence system in the elderly. The Geriatrie/Min.Vit.Aox Network
PubMed ID: 8862480
Elderly care residents receiving trace element supplementation including Se showed raised GPx/SOD activities—direct antioxidant enzyme increase (human RCT, combined supplements).
- Increase in oxidation resistance of atherogenic serum lipoproteins following antioxidant supplementation: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 8001520
Smokers given antioxidant mix including Se had increased plasma Se and lipoproteins more resistant to oxidation—functional antioxidant outcome (combination).
- Effects of antioxidant supplementation on platelet function: a randomized pair-matched, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in men with low antioxidant status
PubMed ID: 1826987
Human trial with antioxidant supplement including Se reduced lipid peroxidation and platelet activation—biomarker antioxidant effect (multi‑nutrient).</br>
- Effects of vitamin E, age and sex on performance of Japanese quail. 1. Haematological indices and liver function
PubMed ID: 18085449
Quail fed Se had raised GSH‑Px activity and improved oxidative markers—animal evidence of antioxidant support (co‑supplemented in some arms).
- A Protective Role for Arachidonic Acid Metabolites against Advanced Colorectal Adenoma in a Phase III Trial of Selenium
PubMed ID: 34836131
Selenium suppressed rise in pro‑inflammatory LOX metabolite (5‑HETE) in prevention trial subset — anti‑inflammatory/antioxidant signal.
- [Diabetes mellitus--a free radical-associated disease. Results of adjuvant antioxidant supplementation]
PubMed ID: 8390768
Antioxidant therapy including Se lowered TBARS and improved antioxidant markers in diabetics — Se part of effective mix.
- Antioxidant supplements reduced oxidative stress and stabilized liver function tests but did not reduce inflammation in a randomized controlled trial in obese children and adolescents
PubMed ID: 24353344
RCT in obese children: multi‑antioxidant pill (includes Se) improved antioxidant status and lowered oxidative stress marker — supports antioxidant role within combination.
- Oral preoperative antioxidants in pancreatic surgery: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 21890323
Preoperative antioxidant supplement improved endogenous antioxidant capacity and showed a trend toward higher Se early post-op.
- Selenium distribution in blood fractions of New Zealand women taking organic or inorganic selenium
PubMed ID: 2000831
Different Se forms distribute differently among antioxidant enzymes and proteins — relevant to antioxidant effectiveness/bioavailability.
- Long-term supplementation with selenate and selenomethionine: selenium and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) in blood components of New Zealand women
PubMed ID: 8490010
Double‑blind supplementation in young women raised whole‑blood Se and multiple GPx measures (robust antioxidant evidence).
- Selenium status of very low birth weight infants
PubMed ID: 8134169
Very low birth weight infants showed improved Se‑dependent enzyme activity as dietary Se increased (antioxidant biomarker effect).
- Selenate fortification improves selenium status of term infants fed soy formula
PubMed ID: 7825537
Fortified infant formula with selenate produced higher plasma/erythrocyte Se and GPx activity (clear antioxidant biomarker effect).
- [Selenium administration in sepsis patients]
PubMed ID: 9417486
Sodium selenite in severely ill patients normalized Se and GPx and reduced incidence of acute renal failure (biomarker + clinical antioxidant‑related benefit).
- Selenium replacement in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome improves clinical outcome
PubMed ID: 10507602
High‑dose IV Se in ICU patients normalized Se/GPx within days (strong biomarker normalization indicating antioxidant support).
- An estimation of selenium requirements for New Zealanders
PubMed ID: 10539752
Controlled dose–response study showing clear, dose‑related increases in GPx and selenoprotein P (direct antioxidant biomarker evidence).
- Selenium supplementation of children in a selenium-deficient area in China: blood selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activities
PubMed ID: 11049204
Repeated because of clear antioxidant biomarker effects in Se-deficient children (see above).
- [The prevention of primary liver cancer by selenium in high risk populations]
PubMed ID: 11860943
Large trial showed reduced liver cancer incidence and lower micronucleus frequency—evidence Se may protect against carcinogenic environmental exposures in high‑risk area.
- Effects of organic and inorganic selenium supplementation on selenoenzyme activity in blood lymphocytes, granulocytes, platelets and erythrocytes
PubMed ID: 10781391
Low‑dose Se in healthy adults increased cellular GPx1 and GPx4 activity—clear direct antioxidant effect.
- Influence of selenium-enriched yeast supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative damage and hormone status in healthy adult males: a clinical pilot study
PubMed ID: 12433727
Se‑yeast increased plasma Se and blood glutathione (GSH) in RCT—direct antioxidant biomarker improvements.
- Selenium supplements do not increase plasma total homocysteine concentrations in men and women
PubMed ID: 12566477
200 µg/d Se increased plasma Se and GPx activity in a well-powered RCT—robust antioxidant biomarker response.
- [Influence of oral sodium selenite and vitamin E on thyroid hormones in patients with cardiovascular disease at altitude]
PubMed ID: 15748470
Oral sodium selenite raised Se and GSH‑Px and lowered MDA in CVD patients—direct oxidative stress reduction.
- Selenium substitution has no direct effect on thyroid hormone metabolism in critically ill patients
PubMed ID: 15248821
In septic patients Se rapidly restored plasma Se and GSH‑Px activity—clear antioxidant biomarker restoration linked to clinical recovery.
- Effectiveness of selenium supplements in a low-selenium area of China
PubMed ID: 15817859
Dose–response in low‑Se population showed selenomethionine more bioavailable and lower doses needed to restore GPx—direct to antioxidant support.
- Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status in stage (III) human oral squamous cell carcinoma and treated with radical radio therapy: influence of selenium supplementation
PubMed ID: 16831410
Oral Se during radiotherapy markedly increased plasma Se and multiple antioxidant markers in cancer patients.
- Hemolysate thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities correlate with serum selenium in a group of New Zealand men at high prostate cancer risk
PubMed ID: 16857846
Supplementation increased thioredoxin reductase activity (a Se-dependent antioxidant enzyme) in men at high prostate-cancer risk.
- Selenium in Intensive Care (SIC): results of a prospective randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple-center study in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock
PubMed ID: 17095947
High‑dose IV Se in sepsis restored blood Se and increased GPx-3 activity → strong antioxidant/pharmacodynamic effect.
- Prevention of clinical mastitis with barium selenate in dairy goats from a selenium-deficient area
PubMed ID: 17430938
Selenium injection in deficient goats raised GPx activity (animal evidence of antioxidant effect).
- Brazil nuts: an effective way to improve selenium status
PubMed ID: 18258628
Two Brazil nuts/day sharply raised plasma Se and increased GPx activity in a randomized trial.
- Selenium supplementation improves antioxidant capacity in vitro and in vivo in patients with coronary artery disease The SElenium Therapy in Coronary Artery disease Patients (SETCAP) Study
PubMed ID: 19033020
Sodium selenite increased blood Se and GPx-1 activity in CAD patients (biochemical antioxidant effect).
- Response of selenium status indicators to supplementation of healthy North American men with high-selenium yeast
PubMed ID: 18193397
High-dose Se yeast for 48 weeks produced large, sustained increases in several Se biomarkers linked to antioxidant enzymes.
- Influence of early antioxidant supplements on clinical evolution and organ function in critically ill cardiac surgery, major trauma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
PubMed ID: 18687132
Antioxidant mix including Se restored Se/GPx and reduced inflammation in very ill patients.
- Effects of excessive selenium supplementation to diet contaminated with deoxynivalenol on blood phagocytic activity and antioxidative status of broilers
PubMed ID: 18700846
High-dose organic Se prevented mycotoxin-induced loss of phagocytic activity and increased tissue GPx in broilers.
- Establishing optimal selenium status: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 20181815
Dose-dependent increases in selenoprotein P and plasma Se (functional antioxidant biomarker) in older adults.
- Limited effects of selenium substitution in the prevention of radiation-associated toxicities. results of a randomized study in head and neck cancer patients
PubMed ID: 20592387
Sodium selenite during radiotherapy reduced some mucosal toxicities, indicating mitigation of treatment-related environmental insult.
Healthy aging (36)
- [Preliminary observations on effect of selenium yeast on high risk populations with primary liver cancer]
PubMed ID: 1298601
Large community trials in high‑risk Chinese populations reported marked reductions in primary liver cancer incidence with selenium yeast supplementation—relevant to long‑term disease risk and aging.
- Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population
PubMed ID: 8360931
Large randomized trial (β‑carotene+vitamin E+Se) lowered total and cancer mortality—relevant to aging outcomes though Se was combined.
- [Preliminary report on the results of nutrition prevention trials of cancer and other common diseases among residents in Linxian, China]
PubMed ID: 8261860
Linxian population trial including Se showed lower mortality/cancer rates (supports population healthy‑aging outcomes; combination treatment).
- Prevention of esophageal cancer: the nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China. Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials Study Group
PubMed ID: 8137333
Same large nutrition trial reported reduced esophageal cancer mortality with a Se‑containing combination—supports longevity/aging endpoints (combination).
- The Linxian trials: mortality rates by vitamin-mineral intervention group
PubMed ID: 7495242
Very large Chinese trial with Se in combination reduced overall and cancer deaths—relevant to healthy aging at population level.
- The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals
PubMed ID: 15557412
Large randomized trial of multinutrient (includes Se) reduced cancer and all‑cause mortality in men — suggests aging/long‑term benefit though Se not isolated.
- Total and cancer mortality after supplementation with vitamins and minerals: follow-up of the Linxian General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial
PubMed ID: 19318634
Large long-term RCT of a Se-containing combination showed modest reductions in overall and gastric-cancer mortality (especially <55 y); multi-component intervention.
- Cardiovascular mortality and N-terminal-proBNP reduced after combined selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation: a 5-year prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 22626835
4‑yr RCT in elderly: lower CV mortality and improved biomarkers with Se+CoQ10 — supports aging outcomes (combined).
- Less increase of copeptin and MR-proADM due to intervention with selenium and coenzyme Q10 combined: Results from a 4-year prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 26662217
Se+CoQ10 attenuated increases in stress biomarkers over 4 years and associated with better long‑term outcomes — healthy‑aging signal (combined).
- Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality 10 Years after Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 for Four Years: Follow-Up Results of a Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial in Elderly Citizens
PubMed ID: 26624886
Long‑term follow‑up after 4‑yr Se+CoQ10 supplementation showed lower CV and all‑cause mortality — consistent with healthier aging (combined).
- Improved Health-Related Quality of Life, and More Days out of Hospital with Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Combined. Results from a Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Prospective Study
PubMed ID: 26482687
Matched‑subgroup analysis showed less decline in physical QoL and more days out of hospital with Se+CoQ10 — functional aging signal (subgroup, combined).
- Significant changes in circulating microRNA by dietary supplementation of selenium and coenzyme Q10 in healthy elderly males. A subgroup analysis of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 28448590
Significant shifts in circulating microRNAs after Se+CoQ10 in elderly — molecular markers relevant to aging (combined).
- Increase in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 after supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10. A prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 28609475
4‑yr Se+CoQ10 raised IGF‑1 and related markers vs placebo in elderly — hormonal biomarker consistent with aging biology (combined).
- Less fibrosis in elderly subjects supplemented with selenium and coenzyme Q10-A mechanism behind reduced cardiovascular mortality?
PubMed ID: 29220105
Reductions in fibrogenic biomarkers with Se+CoQ10 may reflect reduced tissue remodeling with aging (combined intervention).
- Still reduced cardiovascular mortality 12 years after supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 for four years: A validation of previous 10-year follow-up results of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in elderly
PubMed ID: 29641571
Sustained reduction in cardiovascular deaths and biomarkers over long follow‑up after Se+CoQ10 — aging‑relevant outcome (combined).
- Selenium and Coenzyme Q(10) Intervention Prevents Telomere Attrition, with Association to Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality-Sub-Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 36014852
Randomized substudy: Se+CoQ10 slowed leukocyte telomere shortening over 42 months and telomere preservation associated with improved survival — direct aging biomarker effect (combined treatment).
- Effects of an Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q(10) on Five Selected Age-Related Biomarkers in Elderly Swedes Low in Selenium: Results That Point to an Anti-Ageing Effect-A Sub-Analysis of a Previous Prospective Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomised Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 37443807
Se+CoQ10 altered multiple inflammation/ageing biomarkers (ICAM‑1, adiponectin, leptin) consistent with healthier ageing profile; not selenium‑only.
- Selenium and coenzyme Q(10) improve the systemic redox status while reducing cardiovascular mortality in elderly population-based individuals
PubMed ID: 37179031
Improved systemic redox (higher free thiols) after Se+CoQ10 — better redox state is relevant to cellular ageing; combined treatment.
- Selenoprotein P increases upon selenium and coenzyme Q(10) supplementation and is associated with telomere length, quality of life and reduced inflammation and mortality
PubMed ID: 38960007
Large RCT: selenium yeast + CoQ10 raised selenoprotein P and associated with lower inflammation, longer telomeres and lower long‑term mortality — supports healthy‑aging mechanisms though co‑supplemented.
- Specialized High-Protein Oral Nutrition Supplement Improves Home Nutrient Intake of Malnourished Older Adults Without Decreasing Usual Food Intake
PubMed ID: 30565718
Malnourished older adults increased selenium intake (with ONS) which helps meet micronutrient needs relevant to aging, though multinutrient.
- Effects of Helicobacter pylori treatment and vitamin and garlic supplementation on gastric cancer incidence and mortality: follow-up of a randomized intervention trial
PubMed ID: 31511230
22-year follow-up RCT of long-term vitamin supplementation (including Se) associated with reduced gastric cancer incidence/mortality—supports long-term health outcomes.
- [The prevention of primary liver cancer by selenium in high risk populations]
PubMed ID: 11860943
Large randomized community trial showed increased Se status and ~40% reduction in new primary liver cancer—relevant to long-term disease risk and healthy aging.
- Effect of long-term selenium yeast intervention on activity and gene expression of antioxidant and xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in healthy elderly volunteers from the Danish Prevention of Cancer by Intervention by Selenium (PRECISE) pilot study
PubMed ID: 18062829
Five-year supplementation in older adults altered platelet GPx (in women) and affected antioxidant-related gene expression -> moderate relevance to ageing biology.
- Establishing optimal selenium status: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 20181815
Dose-dependent rises in plasma Se and selenoprotein P in older adults indicate restoration of age-relevant selenoprotein function.
- Associations between glutathione peroxidase-1 Pro198Leu polymorphism, selenium status, and DNA damage levels in obese women after consumption of Brazil nuts
PubMed ID: 21208780
Brazil‑nut RCT increased Se/GPx and reduced DNA damage — mechanistic marker relevant to aging.
- Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24938534
Large RCT (Se‑yeast) reduced oxidative DNA/lipid damage markers that are implicated in aging.
- Effects of Brazil nut consumption on selenium status and cognitive performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled pilot trial
PubMed ID: 25567069
Brazil‑nut in older adults raised Se/GPx and improved some cognitive tests — relevant to healthy aging.
- Selenium supplementation lowers insulin resistance and markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with congestive heart failure: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 29936923
Reduced inflammation and oxidative markers in CHF — could contribute to healthier aging trajectories.
- Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. A randomized controlled trial. Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group
PubMed ID: 8971064
Large RCT showed reductions in overall cancer incidence/mortality (secondary endpoints), which is relevant to healthy aging.
- Reduction of cancer mortality and incidence by selenium supplementation
PubMed ID: 9342915
Related report from the same skin‑cancer trial showing lower non‑skin cancer incidence/mortality — relevant to aging.
- Reduction of cancer risk with an oral supplement of selenium
PubMed ID: 9315315
Same trial family; secondary analyses indicate reduced total cancer/cancer mortality, supportive but not primary endpoint.
- Decreased incidence of prostate cancer with selenium supplementation: results of a double-blind cancer prevention trial
PubMed ID: 9634050
Large randomized trial with major reduction in prostate cancer incidence — meaningful for healthy aging outcomes in men.
- Baseline characteristics and the effect of selenium supplementation on cancer incidence in a randomized clinical trial: a summary report of the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial
PubMed ID: 12101110
Large RCT (NPC) showed reduced total cancer incidence — a clinically relevant aging-related endpoint.
- Selenium supplementation, baseline plasma selenium status and incidence of prostate cancer: an analysis of the complete treatment period of the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial
PubMed ID: 12699469
Same NPC trial result (prostate cancer reduction) supporting aging-related disease prevention.
- Organic selenium supplementation increases mercury excretion and decreases oxidative damage in long-term mercury-exposed residents from Wanshan, China
PubMed ID: 23033886
Human trial reduced oxidative DNA damage (8‑OHdG) and MDA — mechanistic evidence relevant to aging processes.
- Supranutritional Sodium Selenate Supplementation Delivers Selenium to the Central Nervous System: Results from a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial in Alzheimer's Disease
PubMed ID: 30215171
Pilot trial: increasing CSF selenium correlated with less cognitive decline (MMSE) over 24 weeks in AD patients—relevant to brain aging.
Immune support (56)
- Fish oil and antioxidants alter the composition and function of circulating mononuclear cells in Crohn disease
PubMed ID: 15531659
Fish oil + antioxidants (incl Se) altered PBMC lipid composition and reduced IFN‑γ/PGE2 production — immunomodulatory changes.
- Long-term (56-week) oral administration of probiotic Enterococcus faecium M-74 decreases the expression of sICAM-1 and monocyte CD54, and increases that of lymphocyte CD49d in humans
PubMed ID: 16080364
Long‑term probiotic product with selenium lowered inflammatory adhesion markers (sICAM‑1, CD54, CD11b), consistent with modulation of immune/inflammatory status, but selenium was combined with probiotics.
- Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status
PubMed ID: 35365371
Downregulation of TLR4/NLRP3/NF‑κB1 and increased GPx activity point to reduced pro‑inflammatory signaling.
- The Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Clinical Outcomes, Metabolic Profiles, and Pulsatility Index of the Uterine Artery in High-Risk Mothers in Terms of Preeclampsia Screening with Quadruple Test: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial : Selenium and preeclampsia
PubMed ID: 35224710
Pregnancy trial reduced hs‑CRP and increased antioxidant markers—evidence of inflammatory modulation in pregnant women.
- Impact of Selenium Supplementation in Neutropenia and Immunoglobulin Production in Childhood Cancer Patients
PubMed ID: 27266340
Small human crossover in childhood cancer showed fewer neutropenia events and higher neutrophil counts after Se — direct immune benefit.
- Selenium Deficiency Mainly Influences Antioxidant Selenoproteins Expression in Broiler Immune Organs
PubMed ID: 26631053
Selenium deficiency markedly decreased selenoproteins in immune organs — mechanistic evidence that Se is essential for immune function.
- Effects of dietary supplementation of selenium-enriched probiotics on production performance and intestinal microbiota of weanling piglets raised under high ambient temperature
PubMed ID: 25900236
Piglets: Se‑enriched probiotics raised GPx and beneficial gut microbiota shifts — supports mucosal/host immunity (animal).
- The efficacy of selenium in prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic SCT: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23292233
Oral Se reduced severe mucositis incidence/duration in HSCT patients and increased GPx — supports mucosal/immune resilience.
- High-dose selenium reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia and illness severity in critically ill patients with systemic inflammation
PubMed ID: 21445641
ICU RCT: high‑dose IV Se reduced ventilator‑associated pneumonia and organ‑failure score while raising GPx‑3.
- Effects of excessive selenium supplementation to diet contaminated with deoxynivalenol on blood phagocytic activity and antioxidative status of broilers
PubMed ID: 18700846
Broiler study: high-dose Se prevented mycotoxin-induced suppression of phagocytic activity — animal immune protection evidence.
- Influence of early antioxidant supplements on clinical evolution and organ function in critically ill cardiac surgery, major trauma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
PubMed ID: 18687132
Antioxidant mix including Se lowered CRP and restored GPx in very sick patients, consistent with modulation of inflammatory/immune status.
- Prevention of clinical mastitis with barium selenate in dairy goats from a selenium-deficient area
PubMed ID: 17430938
In selenium-deficient goats, treatment reduced mastitis incidence and somatic cell counts → immune-protective effect in animals.
- Selenium in Intensive Care (SIC): results of a prospective randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple-center study in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock
PubMed ID: 17095947
In sepsis, IV Se increased GPx-3 and showed subgroup mortality benefit, indicating immune/host-defense relevance during severe infection.
- Selenium treatment in autoimmune thyroiditis: 9-month follow-up with variable doses
PubMed ID: 16837619
Selenomethionine reduced thyroid autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroiditis — indicates immune-modulating effects.
- Selenium substitution has no direct effect on thyroid hormone metabolism in critically ill patients
PubMed ID: 15248821
In septic patients Se restored Se/GSH‑Px and associated with better clinical recovery—functional immune context in sepsis.
- Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations
PubMed ID: 11932302
Se lowered thyroid autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroiditis—modulation of autoimmunity suggests immunoregulatory effects.
- [Effects of selenium supplement on acute lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus]
PubMed ID: 9863072
Single 1 mg oral Se dose in RSV‑hospitalized infants increased Se/GPx and was associated with faster symptom recovery and better immune markers.
- Interaction Between 2 Nutraceutical Treatments and Host Immune Status in the Pediatric Critical Illness Stress-Induced Immune Suppression Comparative Effectiveness Trial
PubMed ID: 27660289
Multi‑nutrient regimen including Se reduced nosocomial infection rates in immunocompromised children; Se likely contributed but was not isolated.
- Randomised trial of glutamine, selenium, or both, to supplement parenteral nutrition for critically ill patients
PubMed ID: 21415104
Large RCT of IV Se in critically ill patients: no overall infection benefit but subgroup (≥5 days) had fewer infections—suggests possible immune support in a subset.
- [Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study]
PubMed ID: 22184801
Vitamin/mineral mix (including Se) modestly improved common cold symptom scores and raised serum Se—clinical immune symptom signal.
- A randomized-controlled, double-blind study of the impact of selenium supplementation on thyroid autoimmunity and inflammation with focus on the GPx1 genotypes
PubMed ID: 25894865
Selenomethionine in autoimmune thyroiditis reduced anti-TPO antibodies, indicating modulation of autoimmune immune markers.
- Effect of high intake of cod or salmon on serum total neopterin concentration: a randomised clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33576844
High cod intake raised serum Se and associated with a modest reduction in neopterin (marker of immune activation) in humans.
- The influence of copper, selenium and zinc on the response to the Montenegro skin test in subjects vaccinated against American cutaneous leishmaniasis
PubMed ID: 17980395
Higher serum Se associated with larger delayed‑type skin‑test reactions after vaccination—supports Se's immunomodulatory association (observational).
- Effects of fortified milk on morbidity in young children in north India: community based, randomised, double masked placebo controlled trial
PubMed ID: 17132678
Fortified milk reduced diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections in children (multinutrient product including Se) indicating improved morbidity outcomes.
- The effect of multi-vitamin/mineral supplementation on mortality during treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised two-by-two factorial trial in Mwanza, Tanzania
PubMed ID: 16571156
In TB patients, MVM+Zn (MVM included Se) reduced mortality in HIV‑coinfected subgroup and improved weight gain—immune‑relevant clinical benefit (multinutrient context).
- Reduction of nosocomial pneumonia after major burns by trace element supplementation: aggregation of two randomised trials
PubMed ID: 17081282
Burn patients receiving Se+trace elements had far fewer nosocomial/ventilator pneumonia episodes—strong evidence of improved infection outcomes (combined TE).
- Effects of multimicronutrient supplementation on helminth reinfection: a randomized, controlled trial in Kenyan schoolchildren
PubMed ID: 12886816
Schoolchildren given multimicronutrients (including Se) showed reduced Schistosoma mansoni reinfection intensity—suggests improved host resistance (multinutrient).
- Levels of sP-selectin and hs-CRP Decrease with Dietary Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Combined: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 26375288
Se+CoQ10 lowered CRP and sP‑selectin, indicating reduced systemic inflammation/platelet activation — immune‑inflammation modulation (combined).
- Effect and Tolerability of a Nutritional Supplement Based on a Synergistic Combination of β-Glucans and Selenium- and Zinc-Enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ABB C1(®)) in Volunteers Receiving the Influenza or the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
PubMed ID: 34959898
Selenium-enriched yeast substantially raised serum Se and tended to boost vaccine-related immune markers in older/at-risk adults — relatively strong, Se-focused immune signal.
- Antioxidant micronutrients improve intrinsic and UV-induced apoptosis of human lymphocytes particularly in elderly people
PubMed ID: 22159782
Reduction in lymphocyte apoptosis after Se-containing supplementation suggests improved lymphocyte survival/function.
- Impact of trace elements and vitamin supplementation on immunity and infections in institutionalized elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. MIN. VIT. AOX. geriatric network
PubMed ID: 10218756
Large RCT in elderly residents: low‑dose zinc+selenium improved influenza vaccine antibody responses and tended to reduce respiratory infections (strong clinical immune signal, though combined with zinc).
- Effects of trace element and/or vitamin supplementation on vitamin and mineral status, free radical metabolism and immunological markers in elderly long term-hospitalized subjects. Geriatric Network MIN. VIT. AOX
PubMed ID: 9433680
Trace‑element supplementation in elderly raised Se and GPx and produced modest changes in CD subsets/IL‑1 — direct immune biomarker changes.
- Effect of micronutrient supplementation on infection in institutionalized elderly subjects: a controlled trial
PubMed ID: 9267584
Elderly trial where addition of zinc+Se reduced infection rates over 2 years—clinically meaningful immune benefit (trace‑element intervention).
- Possible immunologic involvement of antioxidants in cancer prevention
PubMed ID: 7495248
Large Chinese trial arms including Se showed increased T‑cell mitogenic responsiveness in men—direct immune biomarker improvement (combination intervention).
- Coenzyme Q(10), vitamin E, selenium, and methionine in the treatment of chronic recurrent viral mucocutaneous infections
PubMed ID: 22079390
Multi‑nutrient formula including Se accelerated healing of mucocutaneous viral infections and reduced relapses—clinically relevant immune outcome (combination product).
- Difensil Immuno Reduces Recurrence and Severity of Tonsillitis in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 32498216
Large pediatric RCT: multinutrient product (contains Se) reduced tonsillitis and fever episodes — clinical immune benefit though not Se‑isolated.
- [The relationship between selenium and immunity in large bowel cancer]
PubMed ID: 9275690
In colon cancer patients selenium increased T‑lymphocyte subsets and NK/LAK activity — immune marker improvements.
- The protective role of selenium on the toxicity of cisplatin-contained chemotherapy regimen in cancer patients
PubMed ID: 9197929
In chemotherapy recipients selenium increased serum Se and day‑14 WBC counts and reduced G‑CSF/transfusion needs — clinically relevant immune/hematopoietic support.
- Sodium selenite as prophylaxis against erysipelas in secondary lymphedema
PubMed ID: 9703790
High‑dose sodium selenite markedly reduced erysipelas incidence (0% vs 50%) — strong clinical effect on infection frequency.
- Impact of a selenium chemoprevention clinical trial on hospital admissions of HIV-infected participants
PubMed ID: 12501132
RCT in HIV+ patients: Se (200 µg/d) reduced hospitalizations and infection-related admissions and costs — clinically meaningful immune/health outcome.
- Nutritional formula enhanced immune function and reduced days of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection in seniors
PubMed ID: 14687308
Elderly multinutrient including Se led to stronger vaccine antibody responses and fewer URTI symptom days (improved immune outcomes in seniors, but multi‑ingredient).
- Selenium status is associated with accelerated HIV disease progression among HIV-1-infected pregnant women in Tanzania
PubMed ID: 15465747
Prospective cohort in HIV-infected pregnant women: higher plasma Se associated with lower mortality and weakly higher CD4 early on (observational).
- Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral load with selenium supplementation: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 17242315
RCT in HIV-positive adults: Se supplementation raised serum Se and associated with lower viral load and modest CD4 improvements in responders.
- A trial of the effect of micronutrient supplementation on treatment outcome, T cell counts, morbidity, and mortality in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis
PubMed ID: 18471061
Multimicronutrient regimen including Se reduced TB recurrence and increased some T-cell counts (benefit observed though attribution to Se alone uncertain).
- The effect of selenium supplementation on DTH skin responses in healthy North American men
PubMed ID: 19747623
Randomized trial in healthy men: 300 µg/day raised blood Se and prevented induction of DTH anergy, showing immune modulation.
- Effect of selenium supplements on hemoglobin concentration and morbidity among HIV-1-infected Tanzanian women
PubMed ID: 19368503
Large RCT in HIV+ pregnant women: selenium reduced diarrheal episodes by ~40%, a clear clinical immune-related benefit.
- Selenium and the course of mild Graves' orbitopathy
PubMed ID: 21591944
Well-designed RCT: selenium tablets improved symptoms, signs, and quality of life in mild Graves' orbitopathy — clinical benefit in autoimmune (immune-mediated) disease.
- Baseline serum concentrations of zinc, selenium, and prolactin in critically ill children
PubMed ID: 23392368
In critically ill children low serum Se was common and inversely correlated with illness severity—associative evidence linking Se and immune/illness status.
- Effect of selenium supplementation on CD4+ T-cell recovery, viral suppression and morbidity of HIV-infected patients in Rwanda: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 25870994
Rwanda RCT in ART‑naïve HIV patients: selenium 200 μg/d markedly slowed CD4 decline over 24 months—strong immune‑preserving effect.
- Selenium supplementation has beneficial and detrimental effects on immunity to influenza vaccine in older adults
PubMed ID: 26803169
Older adults RCT: selenium altered cellular immune responses to influenza vaccine (T‑cell proliferation, granzyme/perforin) in a dose/form‑dependent manner.
- Selenium Supplementation for Prevention of Late-Onset Sepsis in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Neonates
PubMed ID: 26867560
VLBW neonates RCT: low‑dose selenium reduced culture‑proven and probable late‑onset sepsis—very strong clinical immune benefit in neonates.
- The effect of selenium supplementation on disease activity and immune-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37525068
Selenomethionine 200 µg/day reduced IL‑17 and improved remission rates in ulcerative colitis — clear immune‑modulatory clinical trial evidence.
- Investigation of the Effect of Oral Selenium on the Reduction of Clinical Symptoms and Joint Pain in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Iranian Population
PubMed ID: 37306592
Adjunctive high‑dose oral Se in RA lowered joint pain and symptoms (immuno‑inflammatory disease benefit).
- Selenium Supplementation Alter the Frequency of Th17 but not Th1/Th2 Lymphocytes in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Patients
PubMed ID: 36649517
Three months of Se in DLBCL remission reduced Th17 cell frequency (direct immunologic modulation).
- Selenium in the treatment of mild-to-moderate Graves' orbitopathy: a 5-year prospective controlled cohort study
PubMed ID: 38200401
Oral selenium reduced TRAb levels and improved short‑term Graves' orbitopathy activity and QoL, indicating modulation of autoimmune/immune activity.
- Oral Selenium as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40202578
Short‑course selenium in children with LRTI was associated with fewer instances requiring mechanical ventilation (clinical immune/respiratory benefit).
Heart health (28)
- Improved cardiovascular health by supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10: applying structural equation modelling (SEM) to clinical outcomes and biomarkers to explore underlying mechanisms in a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention project in Sweden
PubMed ID: 35381849
Large RCT showed reduced cardiovascular mortality and improved heart-failure biomarkers after 4 yrs of selenium + CoQ10; effect likely relevant to heart health but attribution to selenium alone is limited by co‑supplementation.
- Dietary Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q(10) Prevents Increase in Plasma D-Dimer While Lowering Cardiovascular Mortality in an Elderly Swedish Population
PubMed ID: 33920725
Selenium+CoQ10 lowered D‑dimer and was linked to fewer CV deaths in high‑risk subgroup — supports cardiovascular benefit though combination therapy limits sole selenium attribution.
- Still reduced cardiovascular mortality 12 years after supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 for four years: A validation of previous 10-year follow-up results of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in elderly
PubMed ID: 29641571
Large long‑term follow‑up showing substantial reduction in CV mortality after Se+CoQ10 — clinically important (combined product).
- Less fibrosis in elderly subjects supplemented with selenium and coenzyme Q10-A mechanism behind reduced cardiovascular mortality?
PubMed ID: 29220105
Se+CoQ10 reduced fibrogenic biomarkers associated with tissue remodeling that relate to cardiac health (combined intervention).
- Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Reduces Cardiovascular Mortality in Elderly with Low Selenium Status. A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 27367855
Subanalysis: marked CV mortality reduction in elderly with low baseline selenium when given Se+CoQ10.
- Levels of sP-selectin and hs-CRP Decrease with Dietary Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Combined: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 26375288
Se+CoQ10 lowered CRP and sP‑selectin and associated with fewer CV deaths — supportive biomarker/outcome data (combined).
- Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality 10 Years after Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 for Four Years: Follow-Up Results of a Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial in Elderly Citizens
PubMed ID: 26624886
10‑yr follow‑up of Se+CoQ10 trial with ~50% lower cardiovascular mortality — strong long‑term heart outcome (combined product).
- Less increase of copeptin and MR-proADM due to intervention with selenium and coenzyme Q10 combined: Results from a 4-year prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 26662217
4‑yr RCT (Se+CoQ10) showed lower stress biomarkers and reduced CV deaths — strong cardio evidence (combined).
- Effect of selenium and Q10 on the cardiac biomarker NT-proBNP
PubMed ID: 23895165
48‑month RCT (Se+CoQ10) reduced NT‑proBNP and cardiovascular deaths in elderly subgroup — heart biomarker and outcome improvement.
- Cardiovascular mortality and N-terminal-proBNP reduced after combined selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation: a 5-year prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 22626835
Randomized elderly trial (Se+CoQ10) showed reduced CV mortality and improved NT‑proBNP — robust clinical heart outcomes (combined product).
- Perioperative metabolic therapy improves redox status and outcomes in cardiac surgery patients: a randomised trial
PubMed ID: 20674497
Perioperative metabolic/antioxidant regimen including selenium reduced postoperative troponin I and shortened hospital stay (cardiac surgery setting).
- The effect of micronutrient supplementation on quality-of-life and left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure
PubMed ID: 16081469
Multi‑micronutrient RCT including selenium improved LVEF and QoL in elderly CHF patients; selenium was one component, so moderate attribution.
- Effect of low dose antioxidant vitamin and trace element supplementation on the urinary concentrations of thromboxane and prostacyclin metabolites
PubMed ID: 17914127
Supplement arm (includes Se) raised serum Se and reduced a urine platelet-activation marker (cardio risk surrogate); multi-nutrient design limits Se-specific attribution.
- Selenium Supplementation Affects Insulin Resistance and Serum hs-CRP in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease
PubMed ID: 26743526
T2DM+CHD patients: selenium improved insulin resistance and lowered hs‑CRP (inflammation) and antioxidant capacity—indirectly beneficial for cardiovascular risk.
- Intake of partially defatted Brazil nut flour reduces serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic patients--a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26077768
Brazil‑nut (≈227 μg/day) RCT reduced total and non‑HDL cholesterol—biomarker improvement relevant to heart health.
- The prevalence of Keshan disease in China
PubMed ID: 23218571
Large population survey links low selenium to Keshan cardiomyopathy; strong public‑health evidence that Se prevents selenium‑deficiency cardiomyopathy.
- Effect of supplementation with high-selenium yeast on plasma lipids: a randomized trial
PubMed ID: 21576533
Randomized trial in older adults showed modest lowering of total and non‑HDL cholesterol — biologically relevant to cardiovascular risk.
- One-year application of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium M-74 decreases serum cholesterol levels
PubMed ID: 16026136
One‑year probiotic product containing organic selenium produced meaningful reductions in total and LDL cholesterol (cardiometabolic surrogate markers).
- Selenium supplementation in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy: a proof-of-concept trial
PubMed ID: 33087055
Randomized trial in selenium‑deficient peripartum cardiomyopathy patients reduced persistent HF symptoms after 3 months.
- Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status
PubMed ID: 35365371
Atherosclerosis RCT lowered pro‑inflammatory genes and increased GPx—mechanistic benefits relevant to cardiovascular disease.
- The effects of selenium administration on carotid intima-media thickness and metabolic status in diabetic hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35063243
Diabetic hemodialysis RCT improved LDL/total cholesterol and HDL, which are direct heart‑health markers.
- Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Patients Undergoing for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 30637662
Post‑CABG patients showed improved glucose, HOMA‑IR and HDL after selenium — favorable cardiac risk profile changes.
- Selenium supplementation lowers insulin resistance and markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with congestive heart failure: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 29936923
CHF patients had improved lipids, HDL increase and reduced hs‑CRP — clinically relevant heart‑failure metabolic benefits.
- Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
PubMed ID: 26686847
Diabetic nephropathy patients showed improved insulin and HOMA‑IR which reduce CV risk — indirect heart benefit.
- Improvement of antioxidant status after Brazil nut intake in hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects
PubMed ID: 26022214
Reduced oxidized‑LDL in dyslipidemic/hypertensive patients — direct cardiovascular risk marker improvement.
- [Selenium substitution in acute myocardial infarct]
PubMed ID: 9417492
IV selenium in acute MI raised Se/GPx and was associated with substantially fewer cases of left‑ventricular failure.
- Supportive treatment of vascular dysfunction in pediatric subjects with obesity: the OBELIX study
PubMed ID: 35013093
Multinutrient (includes Se) improved microvascular endothelial reactivity — relevant to cardiovascular health.
- Decreased Concentration of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23) as a Result of Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q(10) in an Elderly Swedish Population: A Sub-Analysis
PubMed ID: 35159318
Selenium+CoQ10 reduced FGF‑23 (a cardiac/vascular risk biomarker) and associated with better CV outcomes; plausible heart‑health relevance but combined intervention.
Pregnancy support (26)
- Randomised clinical trial of parenteral selenium supplementation in preterm infants
PubMed ID: 8777677
IV Se in newborns receiving parenteral nutrition prevented the postnatal fall in Se levels (supports neonatal/postnatal Se status).
- Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26250486
Double‑blind RCT in women with gestational diabetes: Se 200 µg/day improved fasting glucose, insulin resistance and reduced hs‑CRP and oxidative markers.
- Genetic polymorphisms that affect selenium status and response to selenium supplementation in United Kingdom pregnant women
PubMed ID: 26675765
Genetic analysis in pregnant women from a Se RCT showed variants affecting Se status/GPx response — relevant to pregnancy Se biology and personalized response.
- Clinical and Metabolic Response to Selenium Supplementation in Pregnant Women at Risk for Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 27928721
Pregnant women at risk of IUGR had improved uterine artery PI, antioxidant status, insulin sensitivity and HDL with Se — direct pregnancy‑relevant benefits.
- The Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Clinical Outcomes, Metabolic Profiles, and Pulsatility Index of the Uterine Artery in High-Risk Mothers in Terms of Preeclampsia Screening with Quadruple Test: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial : Selenium and preeclampsia
PubMed ID: 35224710
Randomized trial in high‑risk pregnant women showed improved uterine artery PI, TAC, GSH and reduced hs‑CRP with selenium.
- Lipid-soluble vitamins A, D, and E in HIV-infected pregnant women in Tanzania
PubMed ID: 20517330
Observational study in HIV‑infected pregnant Tanzanian women: higher plasma Se linked to markedly lower risk of low vitamin A and correlated with fat‑soluble vit levels — supports micronutrient status in pregnancy.
- The influence of selenium supplementation on postpartum thyroid status in pregnant women with thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies
PubMed ID: 17284630
Randomized trial in TPOAb+ pregnant women: Se (200 µg/d) given during/after pregnancy reduced postpartum thyroid dysfunction and later hypothyroidism — strong pregnancy‑related benefit.
- Selenium supplementation in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy: a proof-of-concept trial
PubMed ID: 33087055
Peripartum cardiomyopathy trial in selenium‑deficient women raised Se and reduced persistent HF symptoms—direct relevance to peripartum cardiovascular health.
- The effects of selenium plus probiotics supplementation on glycemic status and serum lipoproteins in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35331534
In women with gestational diabetes, combined selenium+probiotics improved glycemic control and lipid profile—clinically relevant pregnancy metabolic outcomes though selenium was not isolated.
- Selenium supplement in the prevention of pregnancy induced hypertension
PubMed ID: 7867399
Randomized trial in high‑risk pregnant women: 100 µg/day selenium increased maternal/cord Se and reduced pregnancy‑induced hypertension incidence.
- Enteral yeast-selenium supplementation in preterm infants
PubMed ID: 9713038
Selenium‑enriched yeast given to preterm infants raised serum Se safely — relevant to neonatal outcomes associated with pregnancy/preterm birth management.
- Pattern and predictors of weight gain during pregnancy among HIV-1-infected women from Tanzania
PubMed ID: 12679710
Large observational cohort in HIV‑infected women: lower Se associated with poorer gestational weight gain (associative evidence linking Se status to pregnancy outcomes).
- Selenium supplementation and premature (pre-labour) rupture of membranes: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 20121500
Randomized trial: 100 µg/day selenium significantly increased serum Se and substantially reduced premature rupture of membranes incidence.
- Selenium supplementation and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant Iranian women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial
PubMed ID: 20708525
Pilot RCT reported a lower frequency of preeclampsia with 100 µg/day selenium though data are preliminary.
- Effect of selenium on markers of risk of pre-eclampsia in UK pregnant women: a randomised, controlled pilot trial
PubMed ID: 24708917
Pilot RCT: low‑dose selenium increased maternal Se and lowered sFlt‑1 in women with low baseline Se—biomarker evidence relevant to pre‑eclampsia risk.
- Placental Cadmium Levels Are Associated with Increased Preeclampsia Risk
PubMed ID: 26422011
Observational placental study: low placental Se amplified cadmium‑associated preeclampsia risk—supports role of Se in pregnancy outcomes.
- Selenium Supplementation for Prevention of Late-Onset Sepsis in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Neonates
PubMed ID: 26867560
VLBW neonatal RCT (maternal/neonatal context): neonatal Se supplementation markedly reduced late‑onset sepsis—strong perinatal clinical benefit relevant to pregnancy/infant health.
- Selenium supplementation in the management of thyroid autoimmunity during pregnancy: results of the "SERENA study", a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 31129812
Pregnant women with thyroiditis given 83 µg/d Se had reduced thyroid autoantibodies and increased serum Se—direct pregnancy-relevant benefit for maternal thyroid status.
- The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid Metabolism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 31317471
In gestational diabetes, 200 µg/day Se improved maternal gene-expression markers and markedly reduced newborn hyperbilirubinemia and hospitalization.
- Effects of selenium supplementation on pregnancy outcomes and disease progression in HIV-infected pregnant women in Lagos: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 33275775
Large RCT in HIV‑positive pregnant women: 200 µg/day Se reduced preterm birth incidence significantly (robust clinical endpoint).
- Associations between maternal and infant selenium status and child growth in a birth cohort from Dhaka, Bangladesh
PubMed ID: 36944370
Birth‑cohort biomarkers showed cord SEPP1 linked with higher birth weight and modestly better early growth (observational association relevant to pregnancy outcomes).
- [The effect of vitamin-mineral supplementation on the level of MDA and activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in blood of matched maternal-cord pairs]
PubMed ID: 15792016
Prenatal multivitamin/mineral (including Se) reduced oxidative stress markers in mothers and cord blood in an RCT—direct support for pregnancy/newborn antioxidant status (multi‑nutrient confounder).
- Selenate fortification improves selenium status of term infants fed soy formula
PubMed ID: 7825537
Selenate‑fortified soy formula maintained infant Se and GPx activity — relevant to neonatal nutrition and early postnatal health.
- Selenium status of New Zealand infants fed either a selenium supplemented or a standard formula
PubMed ID: 7576895
Infant formula fortification raised Se and GPx and prevented postnatal decline — supportive of infant nutritional adequacy tied to maternal/feeding choices.
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of selenium supplements among HIV-infected pregnant women in Tanzania: effects on maternal and child outcomes
PubMed ID: 18541571
Large RCT in HIV-positive pregnant women: Se supplementation was associated with fewer infant deaths after 6 weeks—clinically relevant perinatal outcome.
- Urinary selenium and iodine during pregnancy and lactation
PubMed ID: 11396779
Human data showing falling plasma Se and higher urinary Se excretion during pregnancy — indicates risk of Se depletion in pregnancy.
Nutrient uptake (28)
- Novel Metabolites Associated With Blood Pressure After Dietary Interventions
PubMed ID: 39005213
Controlled diet metabolomics identified selenium‑related metabolic networks associated with blood‑pressure linked metabolites (direct metabolic pathway evidence).
- Effect of L-arginine and selenium added to a hypocaloric diet enriched with legumes on cardiovascular disease risk factors in women with central obesity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 22517293
Randomized factorial trial: Se (200 µg/day) lowered fasting insulin and HOMA‑IR in centrally obese women — direct metabolic benefit.
- Dietary supplementation of selenium in inorganic and organic forms differentially and commonly alters blood and liver selenium concentrations and liver gene expression profiles of growing beef heifers
PubMed ID: 20387001
Heifer study: Se form altered hepatic gene expression and increased tissue Se (suggests effects on metabolic gene regulation; animal evidence).
- Effect of two years' supplementation with natural antioxidants on vitamin and trace element status biomarkers: preliminary data of the SU.VI.MAX study
PubMed ID: 11718454
SU.VI.MAX two‑year intervention (includes 100 µg Se) significantly raised plasma Se and other nutrient biomarkers — direct evidence of altered nutrient status/metabolism.
- Association of serum concentrations of magnesium and some trace elements with cardiometabolic risk factors and liver enzymes in adolescents: the CASPIAN-III Study
PubMed ID: 25422091
Observationally lower serum Se associated with metabolic syndrome in adolescents — supports metabolic relevance of Se (associative).
- Increase in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 after supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10. A prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citizens
PubMed ID: 28609475
Se+CoQ10 increased IGF‑1 and related markers in elderly — metabolic/hormonal evidence (combined).
- Mediterranean-style diet reduces metabolic syndrome components in obese children and adolescents with obesity
PubMed ID: 24997634
Mediterranean-style diet increased selenium intake and produced significant improvements in fasting glucose and triglycerides—metabolic benefits with higher Se intake among other changes.
- Low selenium status in the elderly influences thyroid hormones
PubMed ID: 8549083
Se supplementation changed T4 and T3/T4 ratio in elderly, indicating effects on thyroid‑mediated metabolism.
- An estimation of selenium requirements for New Zealanders
PubMed ID: 10539752
Dose‑related changes in selenoprotein P and modest T4 decrease suggest effects on nutrient/thyroid‑related metabolism.
- Effectiveness of selenium supplements in a low-selenium area of China
PubMed ID: 15817859
Bioavailability and dose–response work showed selenomethionine more effectively restores GPx at lower doses—relevance to efficient nutrient utilization and dosing.
- Response of selenium status indicators to supplementation of healthy North American men with high-selenium yeast
PubMed ID: 18193397
High-dose Se yeast produced large changes in plasma/erythrocyte Se and urinary excretion, demonstrating Se metabolism kinetics in humans.
- Optimization of selenoprotein P and other plasma selenium biomarkers for the assessment of the selenium nutritional requirement: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study of selenomethionine supplementation in selenium-deficient Chinese subjects
PubMed ID: 20573787
Dose–response RCT defined intakes required to optimize SEPP1 vs GPx — directly informs Se metabolic/nutrient-use thresholds.
- Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26250486
GDM RCT: selenium supplementation improved fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR indicating improved metabolic handling of nutrients.
- Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profiles in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
PubMed ID: 26686847
200 μg/day Se in diabetic nephropathy decreased insulin and HOMA‑IR and raised GPx — strong RCT evidence for metabolic effects.
- Clinical and Metabolic Response to Selenium Supplementation in Pregnant Women at Risk for Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 27928721
Pregnant women at risk for IUGR showed improved insulin markers and HDL with Se — metabolic/nutrient use improvements.
- Selenium supplementation lowers insulin resistance and markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with congestive heart failure: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 29936923
CHF trial showed improved insulin resistance, LDL/HDL and inflammation — clear metabolic improvements.
- Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Patients Undergoing for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 30637662
CABG patients had reduced fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR after Se — RCT evidence for metabolic benefit.
- The effects of selenium administration on carotid intima-media thickness and metabolic status in diabetic hemodialysis patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35063243
Diabetic hemodialysis RCT showed significant reductions in insulin and HOMA‑IR and improved lipids—direct metabolic effects.
- The effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins and biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 36184253
PCOS RCT improved fasting glucose and HOMA‑IR, indicating improved metabolic handling with selenium.
- A micronutrient-fortified food enhances iron and selenium status of Zambian infants but has limited efficacy on zinc
PubMed ID: 21411608
Fortified porridge improved serum Se and substantially reduced iron deficiency/anemia — clear evidence Se‑containing fortification improved nutrient status and interactions (human RCT).
- Long-term supplementation with selenate and selenomethionine: urinary excretion by New Zealand women
PubMed ID: 9155505
Different Se chemical forms produced different plasma levels and renal clearance patterns — strong evidence that Se form affects metabolism and use.
- The effects of selenium plus probiotics supplementation on glycemic status and serum lipoproteins in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35331534
Selenium+probiotics in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides and gene expression related to metabolism (PPAR‑γ, LDLR), indicating metabolic effects within a combined intervention.
- Bioavailability of selenium from fish, yeast and selenate: a comparative study in humans using stable isotopes
PubMed ID: 14749756
Isotope study showing Se from fish is better absorbed/retained than yeast — relevant to nutrient use from dietary sources.
- Metabolic response to selenium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 25510442
PCOS RCT: 200 μg/day Se for 8 wks improved insulin, HOMA‑IR and lowered triglycerides—clear metabolic benefits.
- Selenium Supplementation Affects Insulin Resistance and Serum hs-CRP in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease
PubMed ID: 26743526
T2DM+CHD RCT: selenium improved insulin sensitivity indices (HOMA‑IR, QUICKI) and reduced inflammatory marker hs‑CRP—strong metabolic effects.
- The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid in Infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women Candidate for In Vitro Fertilization: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 28875327
PCOS trial: 200 µg/day Se changed lymphocyte PPAR-γ, GLUT‑1 and LDLR expression—molecular evidence for effects on insulin/lipid pathways.
- Evaluation of antioxidative and diabetes-preventive properties of an ancient grain, KAMUT(®) khorasan wheat, in healthy volunteers
PubMed ID: 29143934
Khorasan-wheat (high-Se) reduced fasting insulin and fat mass and increased DHA; food-based intervention with multiple variables but metabolic improvements evident.
- The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid Metabolism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 31317471
GDM trial upregulated PPAR-γ/GLUT-1 and produced neonatal clinical benefits—direct metabolic pathway modulation in pregnancy.
Hormone balance (25)
- Selenium in the treatment of mild-to-moderate Graves' orbitopathy: a 5-year prospective controlled cohort study
PubMed ID: 38200401
Oral selenium improved clinical activity and reduced TRAb in mild‑to‑moderate Graves' orbitopathy at 6 months (direct thyroid‑autoimmunity effect).
- Association of selenium with thyroid volume and echostructure in 35- to 60-year-old French adults
PubMed ID: 12611611
Large cross‑sectional study: higher Se associated with smaller thyroid volume and less hypoechogenicity in women — strong observational link to thyroid health.
- Myo-inositol plus selenium supplementation restores euthyroid state in Hashimoto's patients with subclinical hypothyroidism
PubMed ID: 28724185
Randomized study: myo‑inositol + Se produced larger improvements in TSH and thyroid antibodies than Se alone — supports Se relevance in autoimmune thyroid management (though both arms included Se).
- Supplementation with antioxidants in the treatment of Graves' disease; the effect on glutathione peroxidase activity and concentration of selenium
PubMed ID: 14967159
Antioxidant add-on (incl. Se) to antithyroid therapy sped time to euthyroidism and increased serum Se and GSH-Px activity in hyperthyroid patients.
- The effect of antioxidant supplementation on superoxide dismutase activity, Cu and Zn levels, and total antioxidant status in erythrocytes of patients with Graves' disease
PubMed ID: 15899653
Similar trial in Graves' disease: antioxidant mix including Se led to faster euthyroidism and improved total antioxidant status.
- Adding L-Carnitine and Selenium to Methimazole in Graves' Disease: A Prospective Randomized Trial on Thyroid Markers and Quality of Life
PubMed ID: 40871722
Randomized trial: adding selenium+L‑carnitine to methimazole significantly increased spontaneous remission and accelerated TRAb negativity in Graves' disease (strong clinical thyroid benefit; selenium part of combo).
- Supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q(10) in an elderly Swedish population low in selenium - positive effects on thyroid hormones, cardiovascular mortality, and quality of life
PubMed ID: 38714999
In elderly low‑Se subjects, Se+CoQ10 prevented rises in TSH and increased fT3 while lowering fT4 over 48 months — direct trial evidence of effects on thyroid hormone metabolism, albeit with CoQ10.
- A randomized-controlled, double-blind study of the impact of selenium supplementation on thyroid autoimmunity and inflammation with focus on the GPx1 genotypes
PubMed ID: 25894865
Randomized trial in autoimmune thyroiditis: selenomethionine raised Se/GPx1 and led to substantial anti-TPO antibody reduction by 6 months.
- Low selenium status in the elderly influences thyroid hormones
PubMed ID: 8549083
Elderly double‑blind trial: supplementation raised Se and produced significant T4 decrease and higher T3/T4 ratio (direct thyroid hormone effects).
- An estimation of selenium requirements for New Zealanders
PubMed ID: 10539752
Dose–response trial found modest decreases in thyroxine with supplementation and changes in selenoprotein markers relevant to thyroid hormone metabolism.
- Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations
PubMed ID: 11932302
RCT in autoimmune thyroiditis: 200 µg/day Se markedly lowered TPO antibodies—direct beneficial effect on thyroid autoimmunity (hormones unchanged).
- Effects of a six month treatment with selenomethionine in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis
PubMed ID: 12656658
Selenomethionine 200 µg/day in autoimmune thyroiditis produced large time‑dependent reductions in anti‑TPO—strong evidence for thyroid immunologic benefit.
- Selenium treatment in autoimmune thyroiditis: 9-month follow-up with variable doses
PubMed ID: 16837619
Randomized study in autoimmune thyroiditis showed dose-dependent suppression of TPOAb with selenomethionine (>100 µg/day) — strong thyroid-specific evidence.
- Selenium Deficiency Mainly Influences Antioxidant Selenoproteins Expression in Broiler Immune Organs
PubMed ID: 26631053
Dio1 (iodothyronine deiodinase) expression fell dramatically under Se deficiency in immune organs — direct selenoenzyme role in thyroid hormone activation (animal).
- Effect of selenium on thyroid autoimmunity and regulatory T cells in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: A prospective randomized-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 33650299
200 μg/day selenium RCT in Hashimoto’s lowered TPOAb/TGAb and modestly reduced TSH—direct, clinically relevant thyroid benefit.
- The influence of selenium supplementation on postpartum thyroid status in pregnant women with thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies
PubMed ID: 17284630
Large RCT: 200 µg/d selenomethionine in TPOAb+ pregnant women substantially reduced postpartum thyroid dysfunction and later hypothyroidism (strong randomized evidence).
- l-selenomethionine supplementation in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 30306604
Good randomized double‑blind trial in children/adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis showing a significant reduction in anti‑Tg titres with 200 µg/day selenomethionine.
- Selenium in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis
PubMed ID: 14757967
Randomized crossover trial: 200 µg/day Se substantially lowered TPO‑Ab in autoimmune thyroiditis (strong, clinically relevant evidence).
- [Effects of selenium supplementation on antibodies of autoimmune thyroiditis]
PubMed ID: 23158484
Randomized, placebo‑controlled study: 200 μg/day selenium significantly reduced TPOAb (particularly in overt disease) — direct evidence for thyroid autoimmune marker improvement.
- Selenium supplementation could restore euthyroidism in subclinical hypothyroid patients with autoimmune thyroiditis
PubMed ID: 28042649
Randomized trial: 83 µg/day selenomethionine for 4 months returned ~31% of patients with autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism to euthyroidism vs ~3% in controls.
- Selenium supplementation in the management of thyroid autoimmunity during pregnancy: results of the "SERENA study", a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 31129812
Pregnant women with thyroiditis: 83 µg/day L-selenomethionine reduced thyroid autoantibodies and raised serum Se.
- A pilot study on the beneficial effects of additional selenium supplementation to methimazole for treating patients with Graves’ disease
PubMed ID: 31023005
Adjunctive selenium with methimazole produced larger decreases in FT3/FT4 and thyroid autoantibodies vs drug alone in Graves disease pilot RCT.
- Oral selenium improved the disease activity in patients with mild Graves' orbitopathy
PubMed ID: 33863564
Oral Se (100 µg twice daily) for 6 months significantly reduced activity and clinical signs in mild Graves' orbitopathy (direct thyroid‑related benefit).
- Add-On Effect of Selenium and Vitamin D Combined Supplementation in Early Control of Graves' Disease Hyperthyroidism During Methimazole Treatment
PubMed ID: 35784564
Adding Se+vitamin D to methimazole hastened normalization of thyroid hormones and improved QoL in new Graves' disease (combined product limits attribution to Se alone).
- Mediterranean diet, selenium and Graves' ophthalmopathy: a prospective, randomized, single-center study
PubMed ID: 40707809
A Mediterranean diet higher in selenium improved Graves' ophthalmopathy signs, but selenium was one of multiple dietary factors (moderate indirect evidence).
Respiratory comfort (14)
- Effect of selenium and vitamin C on clinical outcomes, trace element status, and antioxidant enzyme activity in horses with acute and chronic lower airway disease. A randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23479319
In horses with airway disease, sodium selenite + vitamin C improved clinical airway scores and antioxidant enzyme activity (animal study).
- Effects of fortified milk on morbidity in young children in north India: community based, randomised, double masked placebo controlled trial
PubMed ID: 17132678
Fortified milk reduced acute lower respiratory illness incidence in children (multinutrient product including Se).
- Reduction of nosocomial pneumonia after major burns by trace element supplementation: aggregation of two randomised trials
PubMed ID: 17081282
TE supplementation including Se in severely burned patients strongly reduced nosocomial/ventilator pneumonia and shortened ICU stay (clinical RCTs aggregated).
- Impact of trace elements and vitamin supplementation on immunity and infections in institutionalized elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. MIN. VIT. AOX. geriatric network
PubMed ID: 10218756
Zinc+selenium in elderly increased influenza vaccine titers and tended to reduce respiratory infections (clinical respiratory relevance).
- Oral Selenium as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 40202578
In children with lower respiratory infections, oral selenium was associated with fewer cases requiring mechanical ventilation (clinically relevant respiratory benefit).
- A randomized controlled trial of vitamin E and selenium on rate of decline in lung function
PubMed ID: 25889509
Large randomized trial analysis found selenium supplementation attenuated decline in small‑airway flow (FEF25–75) in current smokers—robust subgroup respiratory benefit.
- Serum trace element levels in COPD patient: the relation between trace element supplementation and period of mechanical ventilation in a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 19761535
Randomized trial in ventilated COPD patients: IV trace elements including selenium reduced mechanical ventilation duration substantially (combination therapy but clinically meaningful respiratory outcome).
- The Effect of Intravenous Selenium on Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
PubMed ID: 30001171
IV sodium selenite in ARDS improved GPx3, lowered IL‑1β/IL‑6 and improved respiratory mechanics in humans — strong respiratory biological effects.
- [Intervention effects of selenium yeast on fine particulate matters-induced lung injury in rats]
PubMed ID: 29903097
Se‑yeast reduced lung inflammation and oxidative markers after PM2.5 exposure in rats — protective in inhalational injury model.
- High dietary selenium and vitamin E supplementation ameliorates the impacts of heat load on oxidative status and acid-base balance in sheep
PubMed ID: 26440003
Heat‑stressed sheep had lower respiration rate and ROM with Se+vitE — supportive physiologic respiratory effects (animal).
- High-dose selenium reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia and illness severity in critically ill patients with systemic inflammation
PubMed ID: 21445641
ICU RCT: high‑dose IV Se decreased early ventilator‑associated pneumonia incidence substantially while increasing GPx‑3.
- [Effects of selenium supplement on acute lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus]
PubMed ID: 9863072
In infants hospitalized with RSV a single Se dose increased Se/GPx and was associated with faster symptom recovery (direct respiratory clinical benefit reported).
- Impacts of subway air particles on healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial in a Chinese city
PubMed ID: 40629394
Randomized exposure study: repeated subway PM exposure lowered urinary Se and GPX1 and was associated with small declines in FEV1—direct link between Se/antioxidant enzyme and lung function.
- Echinacea purpurea along with zinc, selenium and vitamin C to alleviate exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 21062330
Echinacea + zinc/selenium/vitamin C product reduced COPD exacerbation severity/duration vs placebo—clinical respiratory benefit though selenium was part of a combination.
Fertility (14)
- The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid Metabolism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 31317471
Gestational diabetes trial: 200 µg/day Se upregulated PPAR-γ/GLUT-1 and markedly reduced newborn hyperbilirubinemia/hospitalization—relevant to pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
- The effect of oral selenium supplementation on human sperm motility
PubMed ID: 9698665
Double‑blind trial: selenium raised blood Se, improved sperm motility in subfertile men and some pregnancies occurred — direct fertility benefit.
- The effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins and biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 36184253
200 μg/day selenium for 8 weeks in PCOS women undergoing IVF improved insulin resistance and reduced oxidative stress—fertility‑relevant outcomes.
- The effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count in infertile women with occult premature ovarian insufficiency: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33197657
Randomized trial (Se + vitamin E) in women with occult premature ovarian insufficiency increased AMH, AFC and ovarian volume — strong reproductive outcome (but combination therapy).
- [Using L- and acetyl-L-carnintines in combination with clomiphene citrate and antioxidant complex for treating idiopathic male infertility: a prospective randomized trial]
PubMed ID: 28845935
Adding carnitines + antioxidant complex (includes Se) to clomiphene increased sperm concentration modestly in men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia — modest fertility biomarker effect within combination.
- Dietary supplementation with a novel l-carnitine multi-micronutrient in idiopathic male subfertility involving oligo-, astheno-, teratozoospermia: A randomized clinical study
PubMed ID: 32330373
6‑month RCT of a multi‑micronutrient (includes Se) in idiopathic subfertile men markedly improved semen quality and increased spontaneous pregnancies — strong clinical reproductive signal though multi‑component.
- Impact of Coenzyme Q10 and Selenium on Seminal Fluid Parameters and Antioxidant Status in Men with Idiopathic Infertility
PubMed ID: 32572802
Randomized prospective study in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia: selenium (200 µg/day) improved some semen motility measures and seminal antioxidant enzymes — direct human fertility benefit.
- Effects of three types of trace element supplementation on the fertility of three commercial dairy herds
PubMed ID: 15198313
Cows given intraruminal TE boluses (including Se) had substantially higher conception rates and raised GPx activity—strong animal evidence for reproductive benefit.
- The Impact of a Standardized Oral Multinutrient Supplementation on Embryo Quality in in vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Prospective Randomized Trial
PubMed ID: 27832646
Pre‑IVF multinutrient (includes Se) improved chance of having ≥1 good-quality day-3 embryo (human RCT, multi-ingredient).
- Selenium Supplementation and the Effects on Reproductive Outcomes, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed ID: 26267328
Randomized trial in women with PCOS: 200 µg/day selenium increased pregnancy rate and reduced DHEA and hs-CRP.
- Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E on the Level of Sperm HSPA2+, Intracellular Superoxide Anion and Chromatin Integrity in Idiopathic Asthenoteratozoospermia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 34516655
Double-blind randomized trial: selenium (200 µg) + vitamin E improved sperm motility, reduced intracellular ROS and apoptosis—strong fertility-relevant outcome (combination therapy).
- The role of Vitamin E - Selenium - Folic Acid Supplementation in Improving Sperm Parameters After Varicocelectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 30798568
Multinutrient antioxidant after varicocelectomy improved sperm count and motility—clinical benefit for male fertility though selenium was one of multiple agents.
- Effects of different levels of dietary selenium on the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells and antioxidant status in testis of roosters
PubMed ID: 25115807
Rooster feeding trial: moderate dietary Se optimized testis/testis‑Se, GSH‑Px and spermatogonial stem cell markers (animal evidence for reproductive effects).
- Efficacy of selenium and/or N-acetyl-cysteine for improving semen parameters in infertile men: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study
PubMed ID: 19091331
Large double‑blind randomized trial in men with idiopathic infertility: 200 µg/day selenium improved sperm count, motility and morphology (clear positive effect).
Detoxification (12)
- An estimation of selenium requirements for New Zealanders
PubMed ID: 10539752
Increased GPx and selenoprotein P with controlled dosing supports glutathione‑related detox pathways (strong biomarker data).
- Hemolysate thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities correlate with serum selenium in a group of New Zealand men at high prostate cancer risk
PubMed ID: 16857846
Increased thioredoxin reductase activity (redox enzyme) after supplementation — mechanistic support for cellular detox/redox pathways.
- Effect of antioxidant supplementation on urine and blood markers of oxidative stress during extended moderate-altitude training
PubMed ID: 10442154
Antioxidant cocktail (with 100 µg Se) blunted plasma LPO rise at altitude — suggests improved handling of oxidative stress/detox under environmental challenge.
- Food as medicine: Selenium enriched lentils offer relief against chronic arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh
PubMed ID: 31299617
Double-blind RCT: selenium-rich lentils increased urinary arsenic excretion and DMA, improving arsenic detoxification in exposed adults.
- Placental Cadmium Levels Are Associated with Increased Preeclampsia Risk
PubMed ID: 26422011
Placental Se modulated the association between placental cadmium and preeclampsia risk—suggests Se can mitigate toxic metal (Cd) effects in pregnancy (detox‑related).
- Organic selenium supplementation increases mercury excretion and decreases oxidative damage in long-term mercury-exposed residents from Wanshan, China
PubMed ID: 23033886
Randomized human trial in mercury‑exposed people: Se‑yeast increased mercury excretion and lowered oxidative biomarkers — direct detoxification evidence.
- The Effect of Intravenous Selenium on Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
PubMed ID: 30001171
IV Se lowered inflammatory cytokines and improved antioxidant enzyme activity in ARDS — enhanced removal/mitigation of inflammatory/toxic insult.
- [Intervention effects of selenium yeast on fine particulate matters-induced lung injury in rats]
PubMed ID: 29903097
Se‑yeast reduced PM2.5‑induced inflammation/oxidative damage in rats — supports detox/protection against airborne pollutants.
- Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24938534
Se‑yeast reduced urinary markers of lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation, reflecting enhanced removal/protection from oxidative insults.
- Influence of the glutathione peroxidase 1 Pro200Leu polymorphism on the response of glutathione peroxidase activity to selenium supplementation: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 22952184
RCT increased whole‑blood GPx activity, supporting peroxide detoxification capacity.
- Selenium glycinate supplementation increases blood glutathione peroxidase activities and decreases prostate-specific antigen readings in middle-aged US men
PubMed ID: 21419321
200 µg/day Se increased GPx activities in men — GPx is central to detoxifying peroxides.
- Influence of early antioxidant supplements on clinical evolution and organ function in critically ill cardiac surgery, major trauma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
PubMed ID: 18687132
Antioxidant mix including Se lowered CRP and restored GPx in very ill patients — suggests improved capacity to handle oxidative insults.
Skin health (9)
- Selenium supplementation and secondary prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a randomized trial
PubMed ID: 14519754
Large RCT found Se supplementation did not prevent basal cell carcinoma and increased squamous cell & total nonmelanoma skin cancer (strong adverse signal).
- Supplementation with Evelle improves skin smoothness and elasticity in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 62 women
PubMed ID: 15764035
Multi-ingredient supplement including Se produced measurable improvements in skin elasticity and roughness in middle-aged women.
- AZR-MD-001 0.5% selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment for the treatment of contact lens discomfort: A vehicle-controlled, randomized, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 39736410
Topical selenium sulfide ointment significantly improved meibomian gland function and practical lens-wear outcomes (large RCT, topical effect).
- The efficacy of selenium in prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic SCT: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23292233
Oral selenium reduced severity and duration of chemotherapy‑induced oral mucositis, indicating protection of mucosal/epithelial tissues.
- Comparison of 1% and 2.5% selenium sulfide in the treatment of tinea capitis
PubMed ID: 7795774
Topical selenium sulfide (1%) accelerated clearance of fungal spores in tinea capitis — direct dermatologic benefit.
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ketoconazole 2% shampoo versus selenium sulfide 2.5% shampoo in the treatment of moderate to severe dandruff
PubMed ID: 8245236
Topical selenium sulfide shampoo produced clear clinical benefit vs placebo for dandruff and itching (direct dermatologic benefit of selenium compound).
- Sodium selenite as prophylaxis against erysipelas in secondary lymphedema
PubMed ID: 9703790
High‑dose sodium selenite greatly reduced erysipelas incidence in lymphedema patients — clear skin‑infection benefit.
- Efficacy and safety of AZR-MD-001 selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment in adults with meibomian gland dysfunction over six months of treatment: A Phase 2, vehicle-controlled, randomized extension trial
PubMed ID: 39613259
Topical selenium sulfide ointment improved meibomian gland function and ocular surface symptoms (direct topical skin/ocular‑surface benefit).
- Maintenance effect of a once-weekly regimen of a Selenium Disulfide-based shampoo in moderate-to-severe scalp seborrheic dermatitis after initial treatment with topical corticosteroid/salicylic acid
PubMed ID: 37098774
Topical 1% selenium disulfide shampoo markedly reduced relapse and pruritus in scalp seborrheic dermatitis (strong, direct effect).
Mood balance (5)
- Psychological burden in the era of HAART: impact of selenium therapy
PubMed ID: 12906343
RCT in HIV+ drug users: Se (200 µg/d) associated with less anxiety and greater vigor (direct mood outcomes).
- Impact of nano-selenium supplementation add-on sertraline on depressive symptoms and oxidative stress in patients with major depressive disorder: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 41057673
Triple‑blind RCT of nano‑selenium adjunct to sertraline showed clinically meaningful reductions in HDRS scores.
- Selenium supplementation improves mood in a double-blind crossover trial
PubMed ID: 2096413
Double‑blind crossover study found improved mood and reduced anxiety/fatigue after 5 weeks of 100 µg/day selenium (subjective psychological benefit).
- The impact of selenium supplementation on mood
PubMed ID: 1873372
Double‑blind crossover study reported mood improvement and reduced anxiety/depression/tiredness, especially in participants with low dietary selenium.
- Effect of supplementation with selenium on postpartum depression: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 20528216
Prenatal 100 µg/day selenium was associated with significantly lower postpartum depression scores (EPDS) in an RCT—direct mood benefit in postpartum women.
Focus & concentration (3)
- The effect of souvenaid on functional brain network organisation in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease: a randomised controlled study
PubMed ID: 24475144
Souvenaid (contains Se) preserved EEG network measures in mild Alzheimer’s versus decline in controls — supports cognitive network integrity while not Se‑specific.
- Effects of Brazil nut consumption on selenium status and cognitive performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled pilot trial
PubMed ID: 25567069
Pilot RCT in older adults with MCI: Brazil‑nut intake increased Se/GPx and associated with modest improvements in verbal fluency and praxis.
- Supranutritional Sodium Selenate Supplementation Delivers Selenium to the Central Nervous System: Results from a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial in Alzheimer's Disease
PubMed ID: 30215171
Sodium selenate raised CSF Se and responders had less MMSE decline over 24 weeks — pilot evidence for cognitive benefit.
Energy & Fatigue (3)
- The effect of selenium yeast in the prevention of adverse reactions related to platinum-based combination therapy in patients with malignant tumors
PubMed ID: 37975373
Selenium yeast during platinum chemotherapy preserved appetite/weight and improved performance scores (clinical signal consistent with preserved energy/functional status).
- Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26250486
GDM RCT (200 µg/day): improved fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR — metabolic improvements that could support energy homeostasis.
- Effects of selenium and zinc supplementation on nutritional status in patients with cancer of digestive tract
PubMed ID: 11360134
Se+Zn supplementation in gut cancer patients associated with reduced asthenia and preserved nutritional parameters—clinical signal of maintained energy (combined product).
Muscle maintenance (2)
- The Antioxidant Effect of Selenium on Succinylcholine-related Myalgia After Adult Sinuscopies: Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial
PubMed ID: 34554692
Single 200 µg preop Se reduced succinylcholine‑associated myalgia and analgesic requirement — direct clinical benefit for postoperative muscle pain.
- Additional Effects of Nutritional Antioxidant Supplementation on Peripheral Muscle during Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 31178967
COPD rehab RCT: antioxidant supplement including 50 μg selenium increased quadriceps maximal voluntary contraction (~11%)—direct improvement in muscle strength.
Hair & Nails (1)
- A randomized, double-blind study comparing the efficacy of selenium sulfide shampoo 1% and ciclopirox shampoo 1% as adjunctive treatments for tinea capitis in children
PubMed ID: 20735804
In pediatric tinea capitis, selenium sulfide shampoo as adjunct showed high mycological/clinical cure rates, improving scalp and hair outcomes.
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Being studied right now
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