Weight management

Weight loss -7.3%

Waist/fat loss -2.8 cm

Fat loss +weight

Glucose/insulin ↓

Less waist/fat

+1.9kg weight gain

Lower insulin/TG

Body weight/waist ↓

Fat oxidation ↑

Waist/fat ↓

Visceral fat -53%

Weight loss +7.8kg

Weight loss: -5kg

Waist/fat loss: -2.6cm

Weight loss/body fat −5.9kg

Steatorrhea ↓ absorption

Satiety intake ↓

Body fat/lean mass

+10% intake drop

Fat loss/satiety + lipolysis

Weight gain/muscle preservation

Weight/fat loss

−4.6 kg

Improved satiety/metabolism

Lower fat mass

−8.7% fat mass

Slight muscle gain

Weight loss: +23.7% vs +19.6%

Fat/muscle shift

Metabolic support

Satiety/intake ↓

Weight loss/maintenance ↑

Body fat ↓

Weight loss, better waist/BMI

Fat-loss, better glucose

Growth +weight gain

Stunting/weight indices

Mortality ↓30%

Weight loss & fat ↓

Energy use +3-4%

Weight loss −7.3%

Less food intake

Lower body fat

Weight loss, fat -3.5kg

Glycemia/lipids, less weight

Fat loss, waist/BMI

Weight loss +5.6–6 kg

Fullness up, intake down

Weight loss + insulin

Less appetite + fat

Weight loss, fat sparing

-3.6 kg

Reduced intake, cravings

Weight loss +BMI

Fat loss +WC

Improved glucose/butyrate

Neutral weight: +0.4 kg

Lower intake: -97 kcal

Weight loss; BMI↓

Weight loss; −2.1%

Weight maintenance; waist↓

↓ weight/fat

↓ appetite/inflammation

Weight↓ insulin/androgens

Child obesity↓ +49%

Weight ↓, leptin↓

Weight ↓, BMI↓

Fat loss/EE +1.7kg

Fullness/intake -34%

Weight loss −3 to −6 kg

Waist/body fat ↓

BMI −1 to −2

Weight ↓, glucose/lipids

Weight ↓, appetite↓

Lower diabetes risk

Weight loss +3.5kg

Improved weight maintenance

Weight -5kg, waist -10cm

Fat loss, weight loss

Weight/fat loss: −2.2 kg

Waist/VFA reduction

Weight loss: −5.4 kg

↓BCAAs, ↑weight loss

↓hunger, ↓intake

↑satiety hormones

Weight gain prevented

−2.5 kg

Fat oxidation up +4%

↓ fat mass/weight

↓ insulin resistance

↓BMI/weight

↓waist circumference

Weight loss +7.3%

Fat loss −19.4%

Weight/BMI ↓ ~6%

Waist ↓; blood sugar ↓

↓ appetite/intake

↓ waist/fat

↓ glucose/LDL

Fat ↓

Intake/gain ↑

Fat oxidation +25-29%

Body fat/weight loss

Insulin/lipid improvements

Weight loss + cholesterol

Weight gain +2.8 kg

Waist −3.8 cm

+fat oxidation

-energy intake

-weight/fat

Weight loss, lower BMI

Better glucose control

Weight −3.0 kg

BMI/body fat↓

Weight loss -5.5 kg

BMI/waist decrease

Weight -7.3%

+2.7 kg

Weight loss -14.8%

Body mass -4.2 kg

Sugar intake ↓42%

Body weight ↓3.4 kg

Weight loss, less appetite

~3.7 kg loss

More satiety, lower intake

BMI/body fat ↓

Fat loss markers ↓

Liver enzymes ↓

BMI/weight -3.9 kg

Weight loss +6.82 kg

Weight loss -0.8 to 1.5 kg

BMI/body fat ↓ modestly

Lower intake, more satiety

Weight/fat ↓

BMI −

Weight −0.96 kg

Weight loss +5.85 kg

Weight maintenance +30%

Weight −5kg

Waist −12cm

Body fat -3.47%

BMI -3.31 kg/m²

Strength gains +46 kg

Weight/fat loss −4.0kg

Reduced intake ~17%

Hunger/waist ↓

Weight/BMI −1.7 kg

Calories −229/day

Growth + lesions

+0.180 mg/kg

Growth efficiency +14%

Weight/BMI -2.5kg

GI absorption blockade

Weight neutral

Satiety −488 kJ

Weight loss −7.4 kg

Weight/body fat -8%

GLP-1/ DPP-4 +42

Weight −5.5 kg

Weight −1.4 kg

No extra loss

Weight/waist ↓

No exact %

Body fat down

Cholesterol improved

Weight: -4.7% / -2.3kg

Responders: 23 vs 1

Weight loss, waist ↓

Fat loss, BMI ↓

Slower emptying, −5.1 kg

−17% intake, less hunger

Body mass -5.0%

Waist -5.9%

Fat burning +23–28%

Lower intake -17%

Body fat/WHR down

Weight loss + insulin↓

Satiety/ bowel ↑

Intake ↓ ~12%

Satiety/glucose ↑

Meal intake ↓ 126 kcal

Bowel cleanliness unchanged

No intolerance reported

Insulin resistance improved

Adiponectin up, regularity +84%

Weight loss -1.7 kg

Insulin resistance improved

VS ratio ↓ women

VAT −32.9 g

Mediterranean +1.6

Calories -195.5

Spices +1.9

Weight gain, FCR improved

WBC +8%

Glucose, LDL ↓

Cholesterol ↓

Triglycerides −31%

Glucose/cholesterol modestly lower

Appetite -hunger; satiety +

Insulin resistance -1.1, glucose -7

Weight -1.9 kg

Waist -3.5 cm

Pain relief, -weight

Glucose drop, less analgesics

Weight -5.5%

Triglycerides -29%

Energy use↑, fat↓ +18.6%

Weight↓, belly fat↓ -4.1kg

Waist −2.4 cm

Weight/fat ↓

Lipid improvement, weight −1.2kg

Visceral fat −107g

Body fat ↓

EMUR unchanged

Fat/weight loss: −2.7kg

Body fat drop: −1.6kg

Lower glycaemia

Waist -4 cm

↓ glucose, NEFA

↓ hunger, ghrelin

BMI/waist down

LDL-C -0.86

BMI, lipids, BP down

slight edge over control

Fat mass ↓

Performance +

BMI, visceral fat ↓

Lipid ratios ↓

Better glucose, weight, ~0.9 mg V/day

Lower insulin resistance, gene expression

Visceral fat/waist ↓

Muscle mass ↑

Weight loss −5.3 kg

Body fat −4.5%

Satiety, hypoglycaemia

Weight loss +1.5kg

Weight gain +2.8 kg

No culture change

FFM↑, FM↓

PDE↓, DNA damage↓

Weight stable vs +4%

Omega-3 up

Fat burn +13–24%

Weight loss -10.6 kg

BMI −0.61

PBG/IR/CRP down

Fat loss, +16.8% free T

Lower body fat, more free T

BMI ↓

BMI +