Inulin
12 benefits mapped to clinical evidence across supplements.
Dose per serving from products
969 products in our catalogue print how much Inulin a serving holds.
Most common: 50 mg to 100 mg and 100 mg to 250 mg, 19% of 969 products each.
| Dose per serving | Products |
|---|---|
| 5 mg or less | 33 |
| 5 mg to 10 mg | 26 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 50 |
| 25 mg to 50 mg | 109 |
| 50 mg to 100 mg | 185 |
| 100 mg to 250 mg | 185 |
| 250 mg to 500 mg | 140 |
| 500 mg to 1 g | 94 |
| 1 g to 2.5 g | 86 |
| 2.5 g to 5 g | 55 |
| over 5 g | 6 |
Dose per serving from research
202 study groups in 164 studies say how much Inulin participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 5 g to 10 g, 41% of 202 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 500 mg or less | 6 |
| 500 mg to 1 g | 8 |
| 1 g to 2.5 g | 10 |
| 2.5 g to 5 g | 33 |
| 5 g to 10 g | 82 |
| 10 g to 25 g | 58 |
| over 25 g | 5 |
Commonly used together
56 of 195 study groups took Inulin with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.
What was given together, not what works together.
| Taken with | Study groups |
|---|---|
| Probiotics | 27 |
| Fiber | 9 |
| Prebiotics | 3 |
| Psyllium | 3 |
Benefit Evidence
Stool frequency +1/week
Gas fermentation increased
Stool softening, constipation relief
Stool frequency +1/week
Gas fermentation increased
Stool softening, constipation relief
Research sources
Bowel regularity (58)
- Prebiotic diet changes neural correlates of food decision-making in overweight adults: a randomised controlled within-subject cross-over trial
PubMed ID: 37793780
Large relative increase in Bifidobacterium after 2 weeks high‑dose inulin — clear encouragement of bifidogenic flora.
- Baseline intestinal microbiota composition influences response to a real-world dietary fiber intervention
PubMed ID: 41198696
Enterotype‑dependent improvements in stool consistency noted with resistant starch/inulin supplementation for some subjects.
- Differential effects of inulin and fructooligosaccharides on gut microbiota composition and glycemic metabolism in overweight/obese and healthy individuals: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 40598275
Trial showed specific shifts in bacterial taxa (e.g., decreased Ruminococcus) and SCFA changes after inulin — direct evidence for altering/promoting bowel flora.
- Jerusalem artichoke and chicory inulin in bakery products affect faecal microbiota of healthy volunteers
PubMed ID: 17445348
Large bifidogenic response and reductions in Bacteroides/Prevotella and Clostridium histolyticum group after inulin snack bars.
- A double-blind placebo-controlled study to establish the bifidogenic dose of inulin in healthy humans
PubMed ID: 17268410
Dose-responsive increase in fecal bifidobacteria with daily inulin.
- Prebiotic effect of fruit and vegetable shots containing Jerusalem artichoke inulin: a human intervention study
PubMed ID: 20187995
Clear bifidogenic effect in healthy adults—direct evidence of encouraging beneficial bowel flora.
- Gastrointestinal tolerance to an inulin-rich soluble roasted chicory extract after consumption in healthy subjects
PubMed ID: 19931416
Human dosing/tolerance study found typical commercial dose (5 g/day) well tolerated long-term—supports 'gentle' fiber claim.
- Physiological and bifidogenic effects of prebiotic supplements in infant formulae
PubMed ID: 21593649
Infant RCT: inulin/FOS increased bifidobacteria, moving microbiota toward breast-fed profile—strong support.
- Effect of a synbiotic yogurt on levels of fecal bifidobacteria, clostridia, and enterobacteria
PubMed ID: 22101054
Synbiotic yogurt increased bifidobacteria in subgroups with low baseline counts—supports restoration of healthy flora in some.
- Safety and efficacy of inulin and oligofructose supplementation in infant formula: results from a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23498848
Oligofructose-enriched inulin in infant formula trended toward higher Bifidobacterium and softer stools—supports healthy flora.
- Treatment outcomes of infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease treated with synbiotics
PubMed ID: 24043284
Neonatal synbiotic (B. lactis + inulin) trial showed large reductions in NEC and sepsis—strong clinical colon/intestine benefit though product combined.
- Inulin-type fructans modulate intestinal Bifidobacterium species populations and decrease fecal short-chain fatty acids in obese women
PubMed ID: 24969566
Significant increases in Bifidobacterium species after 16 g/day inulin-type fructans indicate promotion of beneficial bowel flora.
- Prebiotic inulin-type fructans induce specific changes in the human gut microbiota
PubMed ID: 28213610
Selective increases in bifidobacteria and Anaerostipes and decreases in Bilophila after chicory inulin indicate healthier genus-level bowel flora shifts.
- Prebiotics Reduce Body Fat and Alter Intestinal Microbiota in Children Who Are Overweight or With Obesity
PubMed ID: 28596023
Oligofructose-enriched inulin increased bifidobacteria in overweight children, supporting healthier flora.
- Effect of Chicory-derived Inulin on Abdominal Sensations and Bowel Motor Function
PubMed ID: 27680592
Four weeks of chicory inulin increased bifidobacteria and reduced measured retained gas versus baseline in symptomatic patients.
- Inulin-Type Fructan Supplementation of 3- to 6-Year-Old Children Is Associated with Higher Fecal Bifidobacterium Concentrations and Fewer Febrile Episodes Requiring Medical Attention
PubMed ID: 29982534
Daily 6 g ITF softened stools (Bristol score improvement) in preschool children in a large RCT—direct evidence for stool consistency benefit.
- Effect of Prebiotic on Microbiota, Intestinal Permeability, and Glycemic Control in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
PubMed ID: 31188437
Oligofructose-enriched inulin raised bifidobacteria in children with T1D (transiently).
- Prebiotic supplementation over a cold season and during antibiotic treatment specifically modulates the gut microbiota composition of 3-6 year-old children
PubMed ID: 30776899
ITF selectively increased bifidobacteria and attenuated antibiotic-induced drops in bifidobacteria in children.
- Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Agave Inulin in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Chronic Constipation: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 32998471
Agave inulin improved stool consistency and increased normal stools in children with cerebral palsy.
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Prebiotic Enriched Infant Formula-A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 33924514
Infant oligofructose-enriched inulin increased Bifidobacterium and softened stools, supporting healthy bowel flora.
- The Impact of Synbiotic Treatment on the Levels of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiome of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients-A Randomized Trial
PubMed ID: 35995418
Synbiotic reduced the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate and CRP in CKD—beneficial colonic‑toxin outcomes though intervention included probiotics.
- Inulin-type fructans and 2'fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37657523
Oligofructose/inulin increased bifidobacteria markedly in a randomized trial—strong support for promoting healthy bowel flora.
- Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Inulin on Reducing Body Fat: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
PubMed ID: 38140284
Synbiotic increased fecal bifidobacteria with clinical benefits—promotes beneficial species though probiotic confounds attribution.
- Pomegranate Juice Supplemented with Inulin Modulates Gut Microbiota and Promotes the Production of Microbiota-Associated Metabolites in Overweight/Obese Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38887904
PJ+inulin changed microbiota composition and SCFAs consistent with fostering healthier bowel flora.
- Synergistic immunomodulatory effect of synbiotics pre- and postoperative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled study
PubMed ID: 38662232
Perioperative synbiotics including inulin increased tumor immune infiltration and lowered inflammatory cytokines and postoperative infections—clinically relevant colon/host benefits in PDAC context.
- A randomized trial of inulin for bowel symptoms, depression and quality of life in constipation predominant IBS
PubMed ID: 41034384
Inulin/oligofructose improved constipation‑predominant IBS symptoms in an RCT, supporting a role in promoting bowel regularity.
- Effect of Intake of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Resting Energy Expenditure: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
PubMed ID: 39064788
Synbiotic RCT with inulin increased fecal bifidobacteria significantly.
- The effects of synbiotics on the liver steatosis, inflammation, and gut microbiome of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease patients-randomized trial
PubMed ID: 38421902
Synbiotic increased key beneficial genera (Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus) in stool.
- [Using a multicomponent functional food in IBS patients with constipation a comparative controlled study]
PubMed ID: 27455604
IBS‑C drink including inulin increased Bristol stool index (toward normalizing consistency) over two weeks (but formula contained other actives).
- Prebiotic UG1601 mitigates constipation-related events in association with gut microbiota: A randomized placebo-controlled intervention study
PubMed ID: 31686768
Randomized placebo‑controlled trial (predominantly inulin prebiotic) improved stool frequency in adults with mild constipation.
- A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to establish the bifidogenic effect of a very-long-chain inulin extracted from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in healthy human subjects
PubMed ID: 20591206
10 g/d VLC inulin substantially increased bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, directly supporting healthy bowel flora.
- Effects of inulin supplementation on body composition and metabolic outcomes in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 35906473
13 g/day used safely in a large pediatric RCT (obese children) with only modest effects — supports acceptability as a dietary fiber.
- Enhancing gut microbiota and microbial function with inulin supplementation in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 39033197
6‑month inulin supplementation in obese children increased Bifidobacterium and alpha‑diversity — strong evidence for promoting healthy bowel flora.
- Added soluble fiber enhances the satiating power of low-energy-density liquid yogurts
PubMed ID: 19857627
Adding 6 g inulin to low‑energy yogurt increased satiety without reported intolerable effects — supports utility as a gentle fiber in foods.
- Inulin modifies the bifidobacteria population, fecal lactate concentration, and fecal pH but does not influence iron absorption in women with low iron status
PubMed ID: 22743314
Human trial showed significant bifidogenic effect and lowered fecal pH with inulin — supports healthier flora composition.
- Xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) in combination with inulin modulates both the intestinal environment and immune status in healthy subjects, while XOS alone only shows prebiotic properties
PubMed ID: 22264499
Inulin + XOS modified fecal SCFA profiles and reduced systemic LPS — indicates favorable flora/metabolism changes.
- Synbiotic consumption changes the metabolism and composition of the gut microbiota in older people and modifies inflammatory processes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
PubMed ID: 23957631
Strong bifidogenic effect and increased butyrate indicate promotion of healthy bowel flora.
- The prebiotic effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation: A six-week randomised intervention trial
PubMed ID: 33382352
20 g/d inulin produced clear bifidogenic shifts and increased butyrate, indicating healthier bowel flora composition.
- Multi-species synbiotic supplementation increased fecal short chain fatty acids and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 in adult men with dyslipidemia; A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38631185
Synbiotic increased fecal SCFAs and anti-inflammatory IL-10 in dyslipidemic men—supportive of colon environment.
- Effects of multi-species synbiotic supplementation on circulating miR-27a, miR-33a levels and lipid parameters in adult men with dyslipidaemia; a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38684660
Synbiotic raised fecal butyrate/propionate and improved HDL/miRNA profile—beneficial downstream colon effects.
- Enhancement of carbohydrate metabolism by probiotic and prebiotic intake promotes short-chain fatty acid production in the gut microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
PubMed ID: 40366770
Short-term inulin + probiotic raised Bifidobacterium and multiple fecal SCFAs in healthy adults.
- Inulin-induced improvements on bowel habit and gut microbiota in adults with functional constipation: findings of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 41233756
12 g/day inulin increased bowel frequency (+1.43 BMs/week) and improved constipation QoL in adults with functional constipation.
- Short-chain fatty acid kinetics and concentrations are higher after inulin supplementation in young and older adults: a randomized trial
PubMed ID: 40274191
High-dose inulin produced large increases in butyrate production and fecal/plasma SCFAs—butyrate is protective for colon health.
- Effect of consumption of chicory inulin on bowel function in healthy subjects with constipation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 27492975
Randomized crossover in constipated adults: chicory inulin increased stool frequency by ~1 stool/week and softened stools — direct evidence for promoting regularity.
- Effect of chicory inulin-type fructan-containing snack bars on the human gut microbiota in low dietary fiber consumers in a randomized crossover trial
PubMed ID: 32320024
Clear, dose‑dependent bifidogenic effect of chicory ITF — direct support for encouraging healthy bowel flora.
- [Dry jelly concentrate with vitamins and dietary fiber in patients with IBS with constipation: a comparative controlled study]
PubMed ID: 29378102
In IBS‑C subjects, product containing 3 g inulin improved Bristol stool scale values over 2 weeks (confounded by other active ingredients).
- Effect of dietary intervention with different pre- and probiotics on intestinal bacterial enzyme activities
PubMed ID: 17327863
Oligofructose‑enriched inulin reduced β‑glucuronidase activity—an indicator of beneficial shifts in bacterial enzyme activity.
- Dietary synbiotics reduce cancer risk factors in polypectomized and colon cancer patients
PubMed ID: 17284748
12‑week synbiotic (inulin + probiotics) reduced colorectal proliferation and improved fecal water cytotoxicity/genotoxicity—biomarkers of colon health (combined product).
- Exploring the Fecal Metabolome in Infants With Cow's Milk Allergy: The Distinct Impacts of Cow's Milk Protein Tolerance Acquisition and of Synbiotic Supplementation
PubMed ID: 39665335
Infant synbiotic increased bifidobacteria‑linked metabolites and altered bile acids consistent with favorable shifts in gut flora.
- [The effect of a fibre enriched dietary milk product in chronic primary idiopatic constipation]
PubMed ID: 18372941
Randomized double-blind trial: 20 g/day soluble fiber (inulin-containing) improved constipation symptoms and bowel frequency — strong clinical support.
- [Efficacy of using inulin fortified fermented milk products in patients with functional constipation]
PubMed ID: 19663305
Inulin-fortified fermented dairy improved constipation symptoms and QoL in constipated patients — moderate clinical support.
- Effect of a mixture of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium intestinal microbiota of patients receiving radiotherapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 23588438
Inulin+FOS promoted recovery of beneficial taxa (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) after radiotherapy — supports encouragement of healthy flora.
- A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study: the effects of a synbiotic, Lepicol, in adults with chronic, functional constipation
PubMed ID: 27776217
Multi‑ingredient synbiotic (psyllium + inulin + probiotics) increased bowel movements by ~1.08/week early in treatment (confounded but clinically relevant).
- Oligofructose Provides Laxation for Irregularity Associated with Low Fiber Intake
PubMed ID: 29258261
Randomized trial: oligofructose up to 15 g/day significantly increased bowel movement frequency in low‑fiber adults with good tolerability—strong evidence for regularity.
- Habitual dietary fibre intake influences gut microbiota response to an inulin-type fructan prebiotic: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, human intervention study
PubMed ID: 29307330
Three‑week 16 g/day inulin‑type prebiotic increased Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium in habitual fiber consumers—clear encouragement of healthy taxa.
- [Efficacy of newly developed kombucha-based specialized food product for treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome]
PubMed ID: 36394933
Bristol stool scale shifted from harder toward normal (3.0→4.4) in IBS‑C with kombucha + inulin.
- Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Improvement in Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 37836458
Increased bifidobacteria in stool with synbiotic containing inulin in RCT.
- Low-protein diet supplemented with inulin lowers protein-bound toxin levels in patients with stage 3b-5 chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled study
PubMed ID: 37409723
Inulin lowered protein‑bound uremic toxins (p‑cresyl/indoxyl sulfates) originating from colonic microbial metabolism in CKD patients.
Gut health (55)
- Prebiotic supplementation over a cold season and during antibiotic treatment specifically modulates the gut microbiota composition of 3-6 year-old children
PubMed ID: 30776899
Large RCT: inulin-type fructans selectively increased Bifidobacterium and modulated gut microbiota in young children.
- Synbiotic consumption changes the metabolism and composition of the gut microbiota in older people and modifies inflammatory processes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
PubMed ID: 23957631
Clear bifidogenic effect (+1.4 log units) and increased fecal butyrate in older adults with an inulin‑based prebiotic.
- The prebiotic effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation: A six-week randomised intervention trial
PubMed ID: 33382352
Six weeks of 20 g/d inulin produced clear bifidogenic effects and increased serum butyrate.
- Enhancement of carbohydrate metabolism by probiotic and prebiotic intake promotes short-chain fatty acid production in the gut microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
PubMed ID: 40366770
Large randomized crossover showed B. animalis + inulin raised fecal acetate/propionate/butyrate and Bifidobacterium abundance.
- Inulin-induced improvements on bowel habit and gut microbiota in adults with functional constipation: findings of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 41233756
12 g/d inulin modestly increased bifidobacteria in adults with functional constipation.
- Short-chain fatty acid kinetics and concentrations are higher after inulin supplementation in young and older adults: a randomized trial
PubMed ID: 40274191
High-dose inulin substantially increased SCFA production and fecal/plasma SCFAs, consistent with strong prebiotic activity.
- Effect of chicory inulin-type fructan-containing snack bars on the human gut microbiota in low dietary fiber consumers in a randomized crossover trial
PubMed ID: 32320024
Well‑controlled crossover: 3–7 g/d chicory ITF produced robust, dose‑dependent increases in Bifidobacterium — strong direct evidence of prebiotic effect.
- Effect of dietary intervention with different pre- and probiotics on intestinal bacterial enzyme activities
PubMed ID: 17327863
Oligofructose‑enriched inulin decreased fecal β‑glucuronidase in a randomized human crossover, reflecting beneficial microbial enzyme shifts.
- Dietary synbiotics reduce cancer risk factors in polypectomized and colon cancer patients
PubMed ID: 17284748
Synbiotic with oligofructose‑inulin increased fecal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in a 12‑week randomized trial (but combined with probiotics).
- Exploring the Fecal Metabolome in Infants With Cow's Milk Allergy: The Distinct Impacts of Cow's Milk Protein Tolerance Acquisition and of Synbiotic Supplementation
PubMed ID: 39665335
Infant synbiotic (inulin‑type FOS + B. breve) produced clear increases in bifidobacteria‑associated metabolites and bile‑acid changes, consistent with prebiotic impact (combined product).
- Effect of a mixture of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium intestinal microbiota of patients receiving radiotherapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 23588438
Double-blind RCT: inulin+FOS aided recovery of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium after pelvic radiotherapy — clear microbiota support in this setting.
- Effects of synbiotic fermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 on the fecal microbiota of adults with irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 27157575
Synbiotic milk with ~90% inulin transiently increased delivered probiotic strains in stool; evidence for short‑term support of introduced bacteria.
- Habitual dietary fibre intake influences gut microbiota response to an inulin-type fructan prebiotic: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, human intervention study
PubMed ID: 29307330
Crossover trial: habitual fiber consumers had larger/broader microbiota responses to 3 weeks of inulin‑type prebiotic, with robust bifidogenic and other taxa changes.
- Oligofructose-Enriched Inulin Intake, Gut Microbiome Characteristics, and the V̇O2 Peak Response to High-Intensity Interval Training in Healthy Inactive Adults
PubMed ID: 34910161
FOS‑enriched inulin increased gut Bifidobacterium in inactive adults undergoing HIIT—demonstrates prebiotic modulation of gut bacteria.
- Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Improvement in Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 37836458
Synbiotic with inulin increased fecal bifidobacteria and altered microbiota in RCT with cognitive endpoints.
- Low-protein diet supplemented with inulin lowers protein-bound toxin levels in patients with stage 3b-5 chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled study
PubMed ID: 37409723
Inulin reduced gut‑derived uremic toxins (microbially produced) in CKD — implies microbiome modulation.
- Prebiotic diet changes neural correlates of food decision-making in overweight adults: a randomised controlled within-subject cross-over trial
PubMed ID: 37793780
High‑dose inulin markedly increased stool Bifidobacterium and shifted microbiome composition.
- Effect of Intake of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Resting Energy Expenditure: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
PubMed ID: 39064788
Product with inulin raised fecal Bifidobacterium counts significantly in RCT.
- Baseline intestinal microbiota composition influences response to a real-world dietary fiber intervention
PubMed ID: 41198696
Inulin/resistant starch induced SCFA and compositional shifts dependent on Prevotella/Bacteroides clusters.
- Inulin supplementation modulates gut microbiota derived metabolites related to brain function in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 41057493
Increased microbial metabolites with inulin indicate shifts in microbial activity that can reflect community changes.
- Differential effects of inulin and fructooligosaccharides on gut microbiota composition and glycemic metabolism in overweight/obese and healthy individuals: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 40598275
Randomized trial demonstrated inulin altered gut microbiota composition (e.g., Ruminococcus) and fecal SCFAs — direct evidence of prebiotic effect on gut bacteria.
- Jerusalem artichoke and chicory inulin in bakery products affect faecal microbiota of healthy volunteers
PubMed ID: 17445348
Chicory/Jerusalem artichoke inulin snack bars caused a +1.2 log10 increase in bifidobacteria and reduced some potentially harmful bacteria.
- A double-blind placebo-controlled study to establish the bifidogenic dose of inulin in healthy humans
PubMed ID: 17268410
Daily inulin (5–8 g) increased fecal bifidobacteria counts in healthy adults versus placebo.
- Prebiotic effect of fruit and vegetable shots containing Jerusalem artichoke inulin: a human intervention study
PubMed ID: 20187995
Human RCT: 5 g Jerusalem artichoke inulin increased fecal bifidobacteria (~0.5–0.7 log10)—strong direct prebiotic evidence.
- Tolerance, safety, and effect on the faecal microbiota of an enteral formula supplemented with pre- and probiotics in critically ill children
PubMed ID: 21788759
Critically ill children receiving synbiotic formula (including inulin) had higher fecal bifidobacteria—supports microbial changes though product combined.
- Physiological and bifidogenic effects of prebiotic supplements in infant formulae
PubMed ID: 21593649
Infant RCT: formulas with inulin/FOS raised bifidobacteria substantially—robust evidence for supporting gut bacteria (mixture).
- Effect of a synbiotic yogurt on levels of fecal bifidobacteria, clostridia, and enterobacteria
PubMed ID: 22101054
Synbiotic yogurt (Bb-12 + inulin) increased bifidobacteria in some participants—evidence of prebiotic support, but inconsistent across cohort.
- Safety and efficacy of inulin and oligofructose supplementation in infant formula: results from a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23498848
Large infant trial: oligofructose-enriched inulin shifted gut microbiota toward breastfed-like profile (trend for higher bifidobacteria).
- Inulin-type fructans modulate intestinal Bifidobacterium species populations and decrease fecal short-chain fatty acids in obese women
PubMed ID: 24969566
16 g/day inulin-type fructans increased specific Bifidobacterium species significantly in obese women—direct microbiota support evidence.
- Prebiotic inulin-type fructans induce specific changes in the human gut microbiota
PubMed ID: 28213610
Chicory inulin reproducibly increased Bifidobacterium and Anaerostipes and lowered Bilophila in adults with mild constipation (strong microbiome evidence).
- Prebiotics Reduce Body Fat and Alter Intestinal Microbiota in Children Who Are Overweight or With Obesity
PubMed ID: 28596023
Oligofructose-enriched inulin increased bifidobacteria in overweight children (RCT microbiota change).
- Inulin-type fructans and whey protein both modulate appetite but only fructans alter gut microbiota in adults with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28730743
Inulin-type fructans in snack bars increased bifidobacteria alongside appetite effects in a large trial.
- Effect of Chicory-derived Inulin on Abdominal Sensations and Bowel Motor Function
PubMed ID: 27680592
Four weeks of chicory inulin increased fecal Bifidobacterium in patients with functional gut symptoms.
- Inulin-Type Fructan Supplementation of 3- to 6-Year-Old Children Is Associated with Higher Fecal Bifidobacterium Concentrations and Fewer Febrile Episodes Requiring Medical Attention
PubMed ID: 29982534
Daily 6 g ITF increased bifidobacteria in preschool children (large RCT).
- Effect of Prebiotic on Microbiota, Intestinal Permeability, and Glycemic Control in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
PubMed ID: 31188437
Oligofructose-enriched inulin increased Bifidobacterium in children with type 1 diabetes (effect transient).
- Link between gut microbiota and health outcomes in inulin -treated obese patients: Lessons from the Food4Gut multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32340903
16 g/day native inulin produced a large increase in Bifidobacterium and altered microbiota in obese patients.
- Synergistic immunomodulatory effect of synbiotics pre- and postoperative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled study
PubMed ID: 38662232
Perioperative synbiotics including inulin changed immune‑microbiota interactions and postoperative inflammation—supports microbiota/host immune modulation.
- Pomegranate Juice Supplemented with Inulin Modulates Gut Microbiota and Promotes the Production of Microbiota-Associated Metabolites in Overweight/Obese Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38887904
Pomegranate juice plus inulin changed gut microbiota composition and increased SCFAs and polyphenol metabolites—clear microbiome modulation.
- Prebiotics improve frailty status in community-dwelling older individuals in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
PubMed ID: 39286985
12‑week inulin/oligofructose prebiotic produced clinical improvements in frailty context; prebiotic effect likely mediated by microbiota changes.
- Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Inulin on Reducing Body Fat: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
PubMed ID: 38140284
Synbiotic product increased fecal bifidobacteria alongside clinical fat reductions—clear microbiota change though confounded by probiotic.
- Inulin-type fructans and 2'fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37657523
4‑week oligofructose/inulin robustly increased beneficial bifidobacteria and correlated with symptom improvements—strong prebiotic microbiota effect.
- The Impact of Synbiotic Treatment on the Levels of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiome of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients-A Randomized Trial
PubMed ID: 35995418
Synbiotic altered the gut microbiome and lowered a uremic toxin in CKD, but effects cannot be attributed solely to inulin.
- Overall Structural Alteration of Gut Microbiota and Relationships with Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Treated with Inulin Alone and with Other Agents: An Open-Label Pilot Study
PubMed ID: 35633654
6‑month inulin interventions altered gut bacterial composition in metabolic‑syndrome patients, showing substantial microbiota modulation.
- Physical activity enhances the improvement of body mass index and metabolism by inulin: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial performed in obese individuals
PubMed ID: 35351144
Inulin + increased physical activity increased Bifidobacterium/Actinobacteria notably with metabolic improvements.
- Immune status, well-being and gut microbiota in military supplemented with synbiotic ice cream and submitted to field training: a randomised clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33593462
Synbiotic ice cream containing 2.3 g inulin raised Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in soldiers (confounded by probiotics).
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Prebiotic Enriched Infant Formula-A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 33924514
Infant trial: oligofructose-enriched inulin raised bifidobacteria significantly vs control.
- The effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 32859329
Synbiotic with inulin improved NAFLD and decreased inflammatory markers; likely accompanied by microbiome changes (probiotic confounder).
- The effects of synbiotics on the liver steatosis, inflammation, and gut microbiome of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease patients-randomized trial
PubMed ID: 38421902
Synbiotic (6.4 g inulin + probiotics) enriched Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium in MASLD trial.
- Prebiotic UG1601 mitigates constipation-related events in association with gut microbiota: A randomized placebo-controlled intervention study
PubMed ID: 31686768
Prebiotic (mostly inulin) increased Roseburia hominis (a beneficial butyrate producer) and shifted microbiota while lowering LPS.
- Effect of inulin supplementation on fecal and blood metabolome in alcohol use disorder patients: A randomised, controlled dietary intervention
PubMed ID: 39864520
Seventeen‑day inulin RCT produced pronounced stool and plasma metabolomic shifts linked to microbiota changes (mechanistic evidence of microbial impact).
- A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to establish the bifidogenic effect of a very-long-chain inulin extracted from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in healthy human subjects
PubMed ID: 20591206
Double‑blind crossover: 10 g/d very‑long‑chain inulin significantly increased fecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in healthy adults (clear bifidogenic effect).
- Effects of inulin supplementation on body composition and metabolic outcomes in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 35906473
RCT in obese children showed modest body‑composition effects; microbiome changes not primary outcome but inulin is known to be bifidogenic and used safely here.
- Enhancing gut microbiota and microbial function with inulin supplementation in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 39033197
Large RCT in obese children: 6‑month inulin increased Bifidobacterium abundance and alpha‑diversity and enriched SCFA‑producing taxa — strong direct evidence.
- Inulin modifies the bifidobacteria population, fecal lactate concentration, and fecal pH but does not influence iron absorption in women with low iron status
PubMed ID: 22743314
~20 g/day inulin raised fecal bifidobacteria and lowered fecal pH in women — direct microbiota modulation in humans.
- Xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) in combination with inulin modulates both the intestinal environment and immune status in healthy subjects, while XOS alone only shows prebiotic properties
PubMed ID: 22264499
Inulin + XOS altered fecal SCFAs and reduced systemic endotoxin — supports beneficial microbiota/metabolite shifts.
Immune support (32)
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Prebiotic Enriched Infant Formula-A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 33924514
Prebiotic infant formula shortened infection duration (randomized infant trial), suggesting immune benefit.
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in People with Overweight, Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 29079990
Synbiotic including inulin lowered hs-CRP and oxidative stress markers in people with metabolic disease, indicating anti-inflammatory/immune-relevant effects (combination product).
- Safety and immunogenicity of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG55.2-adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine: a phase 2 randomized placebo-controlled trial in both seropositive and seronegative populations
PubMed ID: 35436611
Phase‑2 COVID vaccine with delta‑inulin adjuvant markedly increased antibody and T‑cell responses; effect relates to an inulin-derived adjuvant rather than dietary inulin.
- The Impact of Synbiotic Treatment on the Levels of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiome of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients-A Randomized Trial
PubMed ID: 35995418
Synbiotic (probiotics + 3.2 g inulin) reduced CRP and a uremic toxin in CKD—indicative of anti‑inflammatory/immune‑modulating effects though confounded by probiotics.
- Immunogenicity and safety of SpikoGen®, an adjuvanted recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine as a homologous and heterologous booster vaccination: A randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35758850
SpikoGen® booster including delta‑inulin adjuvant produced large neutralizing antibody increases—supports immunostimulatory role of an inulin-derived adjuvant.
- Ability of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG adjuvanted recombinant spike protein vaccine, to induce cross-neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants
PubMed ID: 37199229
Sera analyses from Advax-adjuvanted vaccine series show improved cross‑neutralization after boosting, indicating adjuvant-associated immune enhancement.
- Panblok-H1+advax H1N1/2009pdm vaccine: Insights into rapid development of a delta inulin adjuvanted recombinant pandemic influenza vaccine
PubMed ID: 28301280
Delta-inulin (Advax) used as vaccine adjuvant markedly boosted antibody responses in animals and humans (strong immunostimulatory evidence for this form).
- Human Phase 1 trial of low-dose inactivated seasonal influenza vaccine formulated with Advax™ delta inulin adjuvant
PubMed ID: 27342914
Phase 1 trial: delta inulin adjuvant preserved vaccine immunogenicity at lower antigen doses—robust adjuvant immune support (modified inulin form).
- Impact of prebiotic supplementation on T-cell subsets and their related cytokines, anthropometric features and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized placebo-controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 26860809
Oligofructose-enriched inulin in women with T2DM lowered several inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IFN-γ), suggesting an immune-modulating effect (combined product).
- Treatment outcomes of infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease treated with synbiotics
PubMed ID: 24043284
Neonatal RCT: synbiotic (Bifidobacterium + inulin) markedly reduced sepsis/NEC/mortality—large immune/clinical effects but intervention combined probiotic + inulin.
- Randomized clinical trial of immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant H1N1/2009 pandemic influenza vaccine containing Advax™ polysaccharide adjuvant
PubMed ID: 22717330
Delta‑inulin (Advax) increased influenza vaccine antibody responses in adults—supports immune-enhancing properties of an inulin-derived adjuvant.
- Benefits of a synbiotic formula (Synbiotic 2000Forte) in critically Ill trauma patients: early results of a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 16983476
Critically ill trauma patients given probiotic+prebiotic (including inulin) had fewer infections and less sepsis (multi-component product).
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 30560426
Synbiotic in diabetic dialysis patients reduced hs‑CRP/MDA and improved antioxidant status; supports immune/inflammatory modulation.
- The effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 32859329
Synbiotic (B. coagulans + inulin) reduced TNF‑α in NAFLD — immune/inflammatory marker improvement (confounded by probiotic).
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes
PubMed ID: 28786012
Gestational synbiotic reduced hs‑CRP and oxidative stress and improved some neonatal outcomes — immune/inflammatory effects.
- Effects of synbiotic food consumption on metabolic status of diabetic patients: a double-blind randomized cross-over controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23786900
Synbiotic (including inulin) lowered hs‑CRP in diabetics — reduced systemic inflammation supports immune health.
- Low-protein diet supplemented with inulin lowers protein-bound toxin levels in patients with stage 3b-5 chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled study
PubMed ID: 37409723
In CKD, inulin lowered p‑cresyl/indoxyl sulfates and inflammation index → plausible immune/inflammation benefit.
- Chain length-dependent effects of inulin-type fructan dietary fiber on human systemic immune responses against hepatitis-B
PubMed ID: 28586162
Long‑chain inulin‑type fructans enhanced vaccine (anti‑HBsAg) antibody responses and increased Th1/transitional B cells in a randomized challenge model.
- The anti-inflammatory effects of three different dietary supplement interventions
PubMed ID: 41094562
Pooled synbiotic interventions (including inulin) produced broad anti-inflammatory protein reductions correlated with butyrate increases.
- Effects of multi-species synbiotic supplementation on circulating miR-27a, miR-33a levels and lipid parameters in adult men with dyslipidaemia; a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38684660
Synbiotic with inulin lowered lipid-regulating miRNAs and raised fecal SCFAs alongside HDL improvements; anti-inflammatory/immune-relevant effects.
- Multi-species synbiotic supplementation increased fecal short chain fatty acids and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 in adult men with dyslipidemia; A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38631185
12-week synbiotic including inulin raised anti-inflammatory IL-10 and increased fecal SCFAs—immune-modulating signals.
- Synbiotic consumption changes the metabolism and composition of the gut microbiota in older people and modifies inflammatory processes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
PubMed ID: 23957631
Synbiotic with inulin reduced systemic TNF‑α in older adults — direct anti‑inflammatory/immune effect.
- Xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) in combination with inulin modulates both the intestinal environment and immune status in healthy subjects, while XOS alone only shows prebiotic properties
PubMed ID: 22264499
Inulin + XOS reduced plasma LPS and attenuated LPS‑induced inflammatory gene responses in humans — supports reduced systemic endotoxin/inflammation.
- [Combination of early nasojejunal feeding with modern synbiotic therapy in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (prospective, randomized, double-blind study)]
PubMed ID: 16167471
Synbiotic containing inulin reduced SIRS/MOF events in severe pancreatitis patients — clinical immune/inflammatory benefit though multi‑component product limits attribution.
- Double blind randomized clinical trial controlled by placebo with an alpha linoleic acid and prebiotic enriched cookie on risk cardiovascular factor in obese patients
PubMed ID: 22470031
Inulin+FOS+ALA cookie reduced CRP in obese men (anti‑inflammatory biomarker), though multiple actives were present.
- Prebiotic UG1601 mitigates constipation-related events in association with gut microbiota: A randomized placebo-controlled intervention study
PubMed ID: 31686768
Prebiotic (mainly inulin) lowered circulating LPS (endotoxemia marker), a plausible mechanism for improved immune/inflammatory status.
- The effects of synbiotics on the liver steatosis, inflammation, and gut microbiome of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease patients-randomized trial
PubMed ID: 38421902
Synbiotic (probiotics + inulin) lowered hs‑CRP and shifted stool microbiome in MASLD patients — supports systemic inflammation reduction.
- A Multiseason Randomized Controlled Trial of Advax-Adjuvanted Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Participants With Chronic Disease or Older Age
PubMed ID: 38157402
Large multi-season randomized trial showed Advax (delta-inulin) adjuvant enhanced influenza vaccine antibody responses in older/chronic-ill adults.
- Synergistic immunomodulatory effect of synbiotics pre- and postoperative resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled study
PubMed ID: 38662232
Perioperative synbiotics including inulin increased tumor CD8/IFN‑γ and lowered inflammatory cytokines and infections, showing clinically relevant immune modulation (synbiotic mix).
- Phase 2 randomized controlled trial of seasonal influenza vaccine shows Advax(®) delta inulin adjuvant accelerates the humoral anti-influenza response
PubMed ID: 40709978
Delta‑inulin (Advax) used as a vaccine adjuvant clearly accelerated humoral responses and B‑cell maturation — strong direct immunomodulatory evidence (adjuvant form).
- Inulin supplementation improves some inflammatory indices, clinical outcomes, and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis patients
PubMed ID: 40841439
Daily inulin for 8 weeks reduced CRP and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, indicating meaningful anti‑inflammatory / immune‑modulating effects.
- Inulin-Type Fructan Supplementation of 3- to 6-Year-Old Children Is Associated with Higher Fecal Bifidobacterium Concentrations and Fewer Febrile Episodes Requiring Medical Attention
PubMed ID: 29982534
Reduced febrile physician visits in preschool children receiving inulin-type fructans, suggesting fewer clinically significant infections.
Metabolism (24)
- Effects of enriched seafood sticks (heat-inactivated B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145, inulin, omega-3) on cardiometabolic risk factors and gut microbiota in abdominally obese subjects: randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35643872
Fortified seafood sticks (incl. inulin) lowered fasting insulin/HOMA‑IR — favorable metabolic outcomes.
- Differential effects of inulin and fructooligosaccharides on gut microbiota composition and glycemic metabolism in overweight/obese and healthy individuals: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 40598275
Inulin for 4 weeks improved 1–2h OGTT glucose AUC in overweight/obese subjects and altered microbiota/SCFA — direct metabolic effects demonstrated.
- The effect of the daily intake of inulin on fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentrations in middle-aged men and women
PubMed ID: 10655953
Randomized trial of 10 g/day inulin for 8 weeks lowered fasting insulin and modestly reduced triglycerides—direct evidence supporting healthy metabolic effects.
- Inulin controls inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24059649
Small RCT in women with T2D: 10 g/day inulin for 8 weeks improved fasting glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR—direct metabolic benefits.
- A Randomised Crossover Trial: The Effect of Inulin on Glucose Homeostasis in Subtypes of Prediabetes
PubMed ID: 26571012
30 g/day inulin for two weeks increased early insulin responses and improved HOMA-IR in isolated impaired fasting glucose subgroup—direct metabolic signal to insulin sensitivity.
- Beneficial Effect of Synbiotic Supplementation on Hepatic Steatosis and Anthropometric Parameters, But Not on Gut Permeability in a Population with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
PubMed ID: 27367724
Synbiotic reduced liver fat and modestly improved body composition in NASH patients—indicative of metabolic benefit in combination therapy.
- Prebiotics Reduce Body Fat and Alter Intestinal Microbiota in Children Who Are Overweight or With Obesity
PubMed ID: 28596023
Oligofructose-enriched inulin reduced body fat and inflammation in overweight children, which is relevant to metabolic health.
- Effect of synbiotic pomegranate juice on glycemic, sex hormone profile and anthropometric indices in PCOS: A randomized, triple blind, controlled trial
PubMed ID: 30538082
Synbiotic pomegranate beverage including inulin improved HOMA-IR, reduced weight and waist, and lowered testosterone in women with PCOS (metabolic improvements in RCT).
- Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation could improve metabolic syndrome in prediabetic adults: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 30076087
Synbiotic containing inulin reduced metabolic syndrome prevalence and hyperglycemia in prediabetic adults (combination product effect).
- Link between gut microbiota and health outcomes in inulin -treated obese patients: Lessons from the Food4Gut multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32340903
16 g/day inulin improved insulinemia and produced weight loss and microbiota changes, indicating metabolic benefit.
- Physical activity enhances the improvement of body mass index and metabolism by inulin: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial performed in obese individuals
PubMed ID: 35351144
Inulin + increased physical activity improved insulin resistance and metabolic markers more than inulin alone.
- Black Tea drinks with inulin and dextrin reduced postprandial plasma glucose fluctuations in patients with type 2 diabetes: an acute, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind crossover study
PubMed ID: 39616149
Black tea with inulin/resistant dextrin lowered postprandial glucose excursions and insulin responses in T2DM—direct metabolic benefit in people with diabetes.
- Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults
PubMed ID: 25500202
Inulin–propionate ester increased anorectic gut hormones and prevented adverse adiposity changes over 24 weeks — supports metabolic benefits.
- Improvements to postprandial glucose control in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of a novel probiotic formulation
PubMed ID: 32675291
12‑week trial of a probiotic product containing inulin reduced postprandial glucose AUC and modestly lowered A1c (confounded by probiotics).
- The effect of enriched chicory inulin on liver enzymes, calcium homeostasis and hematological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26872721
2‑month RCT in women with T2DM: chicory inulin lowered fasting glucose, HbA1c and some liver enzymes — direct metabolic benefits.
- The effects of synbiotics on the liver steatosis, inflammation, and gut microbiome of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease patients-randomized trial
PubMed ID: 38421902
Synbiotic including inulin modestly reduced steatosis and hs‑CRP in MASLD, indicating metabolic improvement (combined product).
- Effects of synbiotic food consumption on glycemic status and serum hs-CRP in pregnant women: a randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 25079465
Synbiotic (small inulin dose) improved insulin indices in pregnant women — supports metabolic effects though multicomponent.
- The Impact of Glucomannan, Inulin, and Psyllium Supplementation (Soloways(TM)) on Weight Loss in Adults with FTO, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Polymorphisms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38398881
Large fiber‑blend RCT produced weight and fat loss (favorable metabolic effects), though inulin was one component.
- Diabetes Therapeutics of Prebiotic Soluble Dietary Fibre and Antioxidant Anthocyanin Supplement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 40218856
Blend including inulin improved fasting glucose, HbA1c and LDL in T2DM patients (meaningful metabolic improvements for the formula).
- Short-chain fatty acid kinetics and concentrations are higher after inulin supplementation in young and older adults: a randomized trial
PubMed ID: 40274191
Robust increases in SCFA production (including butyrate) across age groups are mechanistically linked to metabolic regulation.
- Effect of prebiotic supplementation and calcium intake on body mass index
PubMed ID: 17719942
Long‑term prebiotic reduced BMI gain and fat mass in adolescents, suggesting a beneficial metabolic effect during puberty.
- Oligofructose-enriched inulin improves some inflammatory markers and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24332524
Oligofructose-enriched inulin in T2D reduced fasting glucose, HbA1c and inflammatory/endotoxemia markers — strong metabolic support in diabetics.
- Effect of Intake of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Resting Energy Expenditure: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
PubMed ID: 39064788
Increase in resting energy expenditure after synbiotic suggests metabolic support.
- Inulin supplementation modulates gut microbiota derived metabolites related to brain function in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 41057493
Raised gut‑derived metabolites linked to appetite and metabolism in children — mechanistic metabolic effects.
Blood sugar (21)
- Effects of enriched seafood sticks (heat-inactivated B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145, inulin, omega-3) on cardiometabolic risk factors and gut microbiota in abdominally obese subjects: randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35643872
Multi‑component product with inulin lowered fasting insulin and HOMA‑IR over 12 weeks.
- Improvements to postprandial glucose control in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of a novel probiotic formulation
PubMed ID: 32675291
Probiotic formulation with inulin reduced post‑meal glucose AUC and modestly lowered A1c (product contained multiple actives).
- The effect of enriched chicory inulin on liver enzymes, calcium homeostasis and hematological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 26872721
Randomized trial in T2DM showed lowered fasting glucose and HbA1c with chicory inulin — direct glycemic benefit.
- Effects of synbiotic food consumption on glycemic status and serum hs-CRP in pregnant women: a randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 25079465
Synbiotic (incl. inulin) improved insulin, HOMA‑IR and QUICKI versus control in pregnancy (confounded by other components).
- Gastrointestinal microbiome modulator improves glucose tolerance in overweight and obese subjects: A randomized controlled pilot trial
PubMed ID: 26424589
Four‑week product containing inulin (with other components) reduced postprandial glucose excursion and increased satiety in overweight adults.
- Diabetes Therapeutics of Prebiotic Soluble Dietary Fibre and Antioxidant Anthocyanin Supplement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 40218856
Randomized double‑blind trial of a blend including inulin in T2DM patients produced reductions in FPG and HbA1c (strong evidence for the formula).
- Oligofructose-enriched inulin improves some inflammatory markers and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24332524
RCT in overweight women with T2D: oligofructose-enriched inulin significantly lowered fasting glucose and HbA1c (−1.0% absolute).
- Replacement of glycaemic carbohydrates by inulin-type fructans from chicory (oligofructose, inulin) reduces the postprandial blood glucose and insulin response to foods: report of two double-blind, randomized, controlled trials
PubMed ID: 28255654
Multiple double‑blind randomized crossover trials: replacing sugars with inulin/oligofructose reliably and dose‑dependently lowered postprandial glucose and insulin.
- Effects of synbiotic food consumption on metabolic status of diabetic patients: a double-blind randomized cross-over controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 23786900
Synbiotic (including inulin) lowered serum insulin and HOMA markers in diabetics.
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 30560426
Synbiotic containing inulin produced robust reductions in fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR in diabetic dialysis patients.
- Differential effects of inulin and fructooligosaccharides on gut microbiota composition and glycemic metabolism in overweight/obese and healthy individuals: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 40598275
Randomized trial: 4 weeks of inulin lowered 1‑ and 2‑hour OGTT glucose and glucose AUC in overweight/obese subgroup — strong direct evidence for glycemic benefit.
- The effect of the daily intake of inulin on fasting lipid, insulin and glucose concentrations in middle-aged men and women
PubMed ID: 10655953
Randomized 10 g/day inulin trial lowered fasting insulin significantly—direct evidence supporting improved blood-sugar regulation.
- Inulin controls inflammation and metabolic endotoxemia in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 24059649
Randomized controlled trial in women with T2D: 8 weeks of 10 g/day inulin produced meaningful reductions in fasting glucose, HbA1c and insulin resistance.
- A Randomised Crossover Trial: The Effect of Inulin on Glucose Homeostasis in Subtypes of Prediabetes
PubMed ID: 26571012
Two-week 30 g/day inulin improved early post-meal insulin responses and reduced HOMA-IR in subjects with isolated impaired fasting glucose—strongest single-study metabolic signal for inulin.
- A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Investigating the Effect of Synbiotic Administration on Markers of Insulin Metabolism and Lipid Profiles in Overweight Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
PubMed ID: 27219886
12-week synbiotic (includes 800 mg inulin) improved fasting glucose and insulin metrics in overweight diabetics with CAD, though probiotic component confounds attribution.
- The effects of synbiotic supplementation on markers of insulin metabolism and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 27681077
Gestational diabetes synbiotic improved insulin resistance markers over 6 weeks; inulin part of combined product.
- Effect of synbiotic pomegranate juice on glycemic, sex hormone profile and anthropometric indices in PCOS: A randomized, triple blind, controlled trial
PubMed ID: 30538082
Synbiotic containing inulin improved insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in women with PCOS in a randomized trial.
- Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation could improve metabolic syndrome in prediabetic adults: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 30076087
Synbiotic with inulin reduced prevalence of hyperglycemia in prediabetic adults (multi-ingredient study showing glycaemic benefits).
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 29532416
Synbiotic containing inulin improved serum insulin and HOMA‑IR in women with PCOS (synbiotic confounded).
- Link between gut microbiota and health outcomes in inulin -treated obese patients: Lessons from the Food4Gut multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32340903
16 g/day inulin produced lower insulinemia in obese patients, consistent with improved glycemic regulation.
- Black Tea drinks with inulin and dextrin reduced postprandial plasma glucose fluctuations in patients with type 2 diabetes: an acute, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind crossover study
PubMed ID: 39616149
Acute crossover study in T2DM showed inulin/resistant dextrin beverage measurably lowered postprandial glucose excursions and insulin AUC—strong direct evidence for glycemic modulation.
Digestive support (19)
- [Using a multicomponent functional food in IBS patients with constipation a comparative controlled study]
PubMed ID: 27455604
IBS‑C trial showed modest improvements in bowel frequency, stool form, pain and bloating but product contained menthol and B6 (confounded).
- A randomized trial of inulin for bowel symptoms, depression and quality of life in constipation predominant IBS
PubMed ID: 41034384
RCT of inulin/oligofructose in constipation‑predominant IBS showed large improvements in IBS symptom severity and QoL, directly indicating improved digestion.
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Prebiotic Enriched Infant Formula-A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 33924514
Infant formula with oligofructose-enriched inulin softened stools and shortened infections' duration, indicating digestive benefit.
- Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Agave Inulin in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Chronic Constipation: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 32998471
Agave inulin improved stool consistency and some constipation measures in children.
- Inulin-Type Fructan Supplementation of 3- to 6-Year-Old Children Is Associated with Higher Fecal Bifidobacterium Concentrations and Fewer Febrile Episodes Requiring Medical Attention
PubMed ID: 29982534
Inulin-type fructans increased bifidobacteria and softened stools in preschool children, indicating improved digestive function.
- Effect of Chicory-derived Inulin on Abdominal Sensations and Bowel Motor Function
PubMed ID: 27680592
Inulin reduced retained intestinal gas and improved symptoms versus baseline in patients with functional gut symptoms.
- Prebiotic inulin-type fructans induce specific changes in the human gut microbiota
PubMed ID: 28213610
Inulin increased beneficial bifidobacteria and Anaerostipes and decreased Bilophila in adults with mild constipation (microbiota change linked to digestion).
- Effect of a symbiotic gel (Lactobacillus acidophilus + Bifidobacterium lactis + inulin) on presence and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in hemodialysis patients
PubMed ID: 25455039
Synbiotic gel (includes inulin) reduced gastrointestinal symptom frequency/severity in hemodialysis patients; effect attribution to inulin alone is uncertain.
- Gastrointestinal tolerance to an inulin-rich soluble roasted chicory extract after consumption in healthy subjects
PubMed ID: 19931416
5 g/day was well tolerated with no significant GI symptom increases over 4 weeks—consistent with promoting comfort at typical doses.
- Prebiotic effect of fruit and vegetable shots containing Jerusalem artichoke inulin: a human intervention study
PubMed ID: 20187995
Healthy-adult RCT: increased bifidobacteria (prebiotic effect) which is plausibly linked to improved digestion.
- A randomised, placebo-controlled trial in healthy humans of modified cellulose or psyllium evaluating the role of gelation in altering colonic gas production during inulin co-administration
PubMed ID: 41636227
Psyllium reduced early inulin‑related gas; indicates management strategies that improve comfort.
- Baseline intestinal microbiota composition influences response to a real-world dietary fiber intervention
PubMed ID: 41198696
Microbiome‑dependent bowel function changes (stool consistency) indicate digestion effects in some clusters.
- [Efficacy of newly developed kombucha-based specialized food product for treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome]
PubMed ID: 36394933
Reduced incomplete evacuation and normalized stool form in IBS‑C -> clear comfort improvement.
- Oligofructose Provides Laxation for Irregularity Associated with Low Fiber Intake
PubMed ID: 29258261
Oligofructose increased bowel movements in adults with low fiber intake, indicating improved digestive throughput and clinical benefit.
- [The effect of a fibre enriched dietary milk product in chronic primary idiopatic constipation]
PubMed ID: 18372941
Soluble-fiber (with inulin) improved multiple constipation-related symptoms, implying improved comfort.
- Effect of consumption of chicory inulin on bowel function in healthy subjects with constipation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 27492975
Constipated adults reported softened stools and trend toward better bowel satisfaction with inulin.
- Inulin-induced improvements on bowel habit and gut microbiota in adults with functional constipation: findings of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 41233756
Inulin improved constipation-related quality of life and increased stool frequency, directly improving digestive comfort.
- Enhancement of carbohydrate metabolism by probiotic and prebiotic intake promotes short-chain fatty acid production in the gut microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
PubMed ID: 40366770
Short-term inulin + B. animalis raised fecal SCFAs and bifidobacteria, consistent with improved digestion.
- Prebiotic UG1601 mitigates constipation-related events in association with gut microbiota: A randomized placebo-controlled intervention study
PubMed ID: 31686768
Improved stool frequency in adults with mild constipation in an RCT where inulin was the major component (supports digestion).
Weight management (14)
- Prebiotic supplementation improves appetite control in children with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28228425
16‑week inulin‑type prebiotic in children increased fullness, reduced energy intake in older children, and produced small BMI z‑score improvements (per‑protocol).
- Efficacy of inulin supplementation in metabolic control and Akkermansia muciniphila levels in subjects with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study
PubMed ID: 41636295
3‑month pilot RCT: inulin reduced body weight (~‑2 kg median) and reduced insulin dose (small trial).
- The Impact of Glucomannan, Inulin, and Psyllium Supplementation (Soloways(TM)) on Weight Loss in Adults with FTO, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Polymorphisms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38398881
Large RCT of a fiber blend including inulin produced substantial weight, fat‑mass loss and appetite suppression versus placebo (strong clinical effect for the formula).
- Added soluble fiber enhances the satiating power of low-energy-density liquid yogurts
PubMed ID: 19857627
6 g inulin in low‑energy yogurt produced satiety comparable to a higher‑calorie alternative and reduced next‑meal intake — supports appetite control aiding weight management.
- Effect of prebiotic supplementation and calcium intake on body mass index
PubMed ID: 17719942
One‑year randomized trial: prebiotic (inulin‑type) supplement attenuated BMI and fat mass gain in adolescents — clinically relevant weight‑related effect.
- Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults
PubMed ID: 25500202
Inulin–propionate ester RCT: acute reduced energy intake and 24-week prevention of weight gain/visceral fat accrual and liver-fat reductions — strong, specific evidence.
- Effect of prebiotic fiber on physical function and gut microbiota in adults, mostly women, with knee osteoarthritis and obesity: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 38713231
6‑month oligofructose‑enriched inulin reduced trunk fat and improved function in obese adults with knee OA.
- Effects of combined prebiotic fiber supplementation and weight loss counseling in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40172664
Adding inulin to diet counseling led to greater trunk fat loss and reduced appetite over 6 months.
- Prebiotics Reduce Body Fat and Alter Intestinal Microbiota in Children Who Are Overweight or With Obesity
PubMed ID: 28596023
Oligofructose-enriched inulin for 16 weeks modestly reduced percent body fat in overweight children (clinical body-composition benefit).
- Inulin-type fructans and whey protein both modulate appetite but only fructans alter gut microbiota in adults with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28730743
Inulin-type fructans in snack bars reduced self-reported appetite; body-fat loss primarily linked to whey in that trial (appetite but mixed body-composition effects).
- Double-Blind, Randomized, Three-Armed, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Investigation to Evaluate the Benefit and Tolerability of Two Dosages of IQP-AE-103 in Reducing Body Weight in Overweight and Moderately Obese Subjects
PubMed ID: 30863632
Okra plus inulin supplement produced dose-dependent weight loss and waist reduction over 12 weeks (combination product showed clinically meaningful weight loss).
- Link between gut microbiota and health outcomes in inulin -treated obese patients: Lessons from the Food4Gut multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32340903
Multicenter RCT: 16 g/day native inulin plus dietary advice produced greater weight loss vs control.
- Physical activity enhances the improvement of body mass index and metabolism by inulin: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial performed in obese individuals
PubMed ID: 35351144
Inulin combined with increased physical activity produced substantially larger weight and insulin improvements than inulin alone.
- Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Inulin on Reducing Body Fat: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Comparison Study
PubMed ID: 38140284
12‑week synbiotic (B. animalis GCL2505 + inulin) reduced visceral and total abdominal fat versus placebo—strong clinical effect for a synbiotic product (confounded by probiotic).
Heart health (12)
- Double-Blind, Randomized, Three-Armed, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Investigation to Evaluate the Benefit and Tolerability of Two Dosages of IQP-AE-103 in Reducing Body Weight in Overweight and Moderately Obese Subjects
PubMed ID: 30863632
Okra+inulin supplement produced clinically meaningful weight and waist reductions over 12 weeks, improving cardiometabolic risk factors (combination product).
- Inulin Supplementation Reduces Systolic Blood Pressure in Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
PubMed ID: 31772611
21 days of 15 g/day inulin during chemotherapy lowered systolic blood pressure (small, short study).
- Double blind randomized clinical trial controlled by placebo with an alpha linoleic acid and prebiotic enriched cookie on risk cardiovascular factor in obese patients
PubMed ID: 22470031
Small RCT: inulin+FOS+ALA cookies lowered LDL and total cholesterol in obese men, markers associated with cardiovascular risk reduction.
- Diabetes Therapeutics of Prebiotic Soluble Dietary Fibre and Antioxidant Anthocyanin Supplement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 40218856
Blend including inulin reduced LDL‑C in T2DM patients (combined intervention; supports cardiovascular risk factor improvement).
- Agave fructans enhance the effects of fermented milk products on obesity biomarkers: a randomised trial
PubMed ID: 36856122
Synbiotic intervention improved HDL in overweight children, a cardiometabolic marker.
- Effects of multi-species synbiotic supplementation on circulating miR-27a, miR-33a levels and lipid parameters in adult men with dyslipidaemia; a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38684660
Synbiotic including inulin improved HDL-cholesterol and apoA-I, which are favorable for cardiovascular health.
- The effect of inulin and resistant maltodextrin on weight loss during energy restriction: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded intervention
PubMed ID: 31605197
Adding 10 g inulin + 10 g resistant maltodextrin during calorie restriction lowered systolic (~5.35 mmHg) and diastolic BP modestly—beneficial for cardiovascular risk.
- Effect of daily ingestion of Bifidobacterium and dietary fiber on vascular endothelial function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison study
PubMed ID: 37849220
Synbiotic (inulin + GCL2505) increased flow‑mediated dilation and trended toward LDL/PAI‑1 improvement over 12 weeks.
- Standardized Hibiscus-Inulin Shot Lowers Lipid-Glucose Indices in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: 8-Week Randomized Trial
PubMed ID: 41305605
Hibiscus+inulin shot reduced AIP and TyG (markers of atherogenic and cardiometabolic risk) — suggests modest support for heart-health related biomarkers.
- Lactobacillus gasseri [corrected] CHO-220 and inulin reduced plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol via alteration of lipid transporters
PubMed ID: 20965319
Synbiotic reduced total and LDL cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic adults (risk-factor improvement).
- Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation could improve metabolic syndrome in prediabetic adults: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 30076087
Synbiotic with inulin reduced metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemia prevalence in prediabetics, which relates to cardiovascular risk reduction.
- The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in People with Overweight, Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 29079990
Synbiotic including inulin reduced hs-CRP and oxidative-stress markers in people with overweight/diabetes/CHD—biomarkers relevant to cardiovascular risk.
Satiety (11)
- Effects of a Diet-Based Weight-Reducing Program with Probiotic Supplementation on Satiety Efficiency, Eating Behaviour Traits, and Psychosocial Behaviours in Obese Individuals
PubMed ID: 28294985
Probiotic + small inulin dose improved satiety efficiency and eating behavior traits during weight loss in RCT (satiety-related outcomes).
- Effectiveness of a Food Supplement Based on Glucomannan, D-Chiro-Inositol, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume and Inulin in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
PubMed ID: 38257142
Multi‑ingredient supplement users reported reduced appetite and modest weight loss in observational data (limited attribution).
- The Impact of Glucomannan, Inulin, and Psyllium Supplementation (Soloways(TM)) on Weight Loss in Adults with FTO, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Polymorphisms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38398881
Large RCT: fiber blend including inulin produced substantial postprandial appetite suppression (measured by VAS) alongside weight loss.
- Gastrointestinal microbiome modulator improves glucose tolerance in overweight and obese subjects: A randomized controlled pilot trial
PubMed ID: 26424589
Four‑week product containing inulin increased satiety measures and reduced desire to eat in overweight adults.
- Added soluble fiber enhances the satiating power of low-energy-density liquid yogurts
PubMed ID: 19857627
6 g inulin added to low‑energy yogurt produced satiety rating equal to a higher‑calorie yogurt and reduced intake at next meal — clear appetite/satiety evidence.
- The efficacy of daily snack replacement with oligofructose-enriched granola bars in overweight and obese adults: a 12-week randomised controlled trial
PubMed ID: 29490721
Oligofructose bars reduced subjective hunger over 12 weeks despite no weight change — supports satiety effects.
- Acute effects of a herb extract formulation and inulin fibre on appetite, energy intake and food choice
PubMed ID: 23207186
Inulin‑containing soluble fermentable fibre reduced energy and gram intake at a single meal and reduced hunger AUC — good short‑term support for increased fullness.
- Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults
PubMed ID: 25500202
Inulin–propionate ester acutely reduced energy intake and increased PYY/GLP-1 (satiety hormones) — strong evidence for increased fullness.
- Prebiotic supplementation improves appetite control in children with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28228425
16‑week inulin‑type prebiotic in children increased subjective fullness and reduced prospective consumption and buffet intake in older children.
- Effects of combined prebiotic fiber supplementation and weight loss counseling in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40172664
Participants reported less hunger/desire to eat over 6 months when inulin was added to diet counseling.
- Inulin-type fructans and whey protein both modulate appetite but only fructans alter gut microbiota in adults with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28730743
ITF-containing snack bars reduced subjective appetite measures in a large trial (self-reported fullness/appetite suppression).
Nutrient uptake (10)
- Non-digestible oligosaccharides and calcium absorption in girls with adequate calcium intakes
PubMed ID: 12088517
Mixed inulin/oligofructose supplement increased calcium absorption in peri-menarche girls (significant).
- Differential effects of calcium- and vitamin D-fortified milk with FOS-inulin compared to regular milk, on bone biomarkers in Chinese pre- and postmenopausal women
PubMed ID: 26264387
FOS‑inulin in fortified milk improved vitamin D and lowered bone turnover over 12 weeks — supports improved nutrient outcomes in fortified products.
- Young adolescents who respond to an inulin-type fructan substantially increase total absorbed calcium and daily calcium accretion to the skeleton
PubMed ID: 17951496
Responders to daily ITF showed notably higher absorbed calcium and greater yearly calcium gain to bone.
- Calcium and vitamin D fortified milk reduces bone turnover and improves bone density in postmenopausal women over 1 year
PubMed ID: 28975432
One‑year fortified milk with FOS‑inulin plus Ca/vitD preserved femoral neck BMD and suppressed bone turnover — supportive of enhanced mineral retention/absorption (co‑nutrient caveat).
- Beneficial Effect of Oligofructose-Enriched Inulin on Vitamin D and E Status in Children with Celiac Disease on a Long-Term Gluten-Free Diet: A Preliminary Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Nutritional Intervention Study
PubMed ID: 30445682
Oligofructose‑enriched inulin increased 25(OH)D and vitamin E in children with celiac disease — direct evidence of improved fat‑soluble nutrient status.
- Daily Intake of a Functional Synbiotic Yogurt Increases Calcium Absorption in Young Adult Women
PubMed ID: 35411924
Synbiotic yogurt containing 4 g inulin + L. rhamnosus increased fractional calcium absorption in most young women (crossover trial) — synbiotic effect implies inulin may contribute.
- Inulin supplementation modulates gut microbiota derived metabolites related to brain function in children with obesity
PubMed ID: 41057493
Inulin increased microbe‑derived metabolites (polyamines, Tyr) that can affect host signaling and nutrient handling — mechanistic.
- A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Supplementation with Prebiotic Synergy 1 on Iron Homeostasis in Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease Treated with a Gluten-Free Diet
PubMed ID: 30469412
Oligofructose-enriched inulin markedly lowered hepcidin (~−61%) in celiac children, a change that could facilitate iron absorption (mineral uptake mechanism).
- Plasma profile and urine excretion of amino acids in children with celiac disease on gluten-free diet after oligofructose-enriched inulin intervention: results of a randomised placebo-controlled pilot study
PubMed ID: 30043079
Oligofructose-enriched inulin increased circulating and urinary amino acids (plasma total AA +17%), suggesting altered nutrient absorption/metabolism.
- Pomegranate Juice Supplemented with Inulin Modulates Gut Microbiota and Promotes the Production of Microbiota-Associated Metabolites in Overweight/Obese Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38887904
PJ+inulin increased polyphenol metabolites, indicating enhanced colonic metabolism and potentially improved bioavailability of polyphenols.
Cholesterol (8)
- Synbiotic food consumption reduces levels of triacylglycerols and VLDL, but not cholesterol, LDL, or HDL in plasma from pregnant women
PubMed ID: 24271261
Pregnant women on synbiotic had reduced triacylglycerols/VLDL — lipid improvements observed (product included inulin).
- Lactobacillus gasseri [corrected] CHO-220 and inulin reduced plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol via alteration of lipid transporters
PubMed ID: 20965319
12-week synbiotic (L. gasseri + inulin) reduced total and LDL cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic adults.
- Standardized Hibiscus-Inulin Shot Lowers Lipid-Glucose Indices in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: 8-Week Randomized Trial
PubMed ID: 41305605
Hibiscus+inulin beverage produced modest improvements in composite lipid–glucose indices (AIP), supporting a moderate match to cholesterol/atherogenic risk.
- The inclusion of a partial meal replacement with or without inulin to a calorie restricted diet contributes to reach recommended intakes of micronutrients and decrease plasma triglycerides: a randomized clinical trial in obese Mexican women
PubMed ID: 22703579
10 g/day inulin (3‑month study in obese women) was associated with reduced triglycerides; direct cholesterol measures less clear and effects confounded by diet.
- Effects of multi-species synbiotic supplementation on circulating miR-27a, miR-33a levels and lipid parameters in adult men with dyslipidaemia; a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38684660
12-week synbiotic including inulin improved HDL‑cholesterol and apoA‑I alongside SCFA increases.
- Agave fructans enhance the effects of fermented milk products on obesity biomarkers: a randomised trial
PubMed ID: 36856122
Synbiotic (L. casei + fructans) in overweight children improved HDL in the intervention group.
- Diabetes Therapeutics of Prebiotic Soluble Dietary Fibre and Antioxidant Anthocyanin Supplement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 40218856
T2DM trial of a blend including inulin produced LDL‑C reductions and glycemic improvement (combination product, so attribution to inulin is partial).
- Double blind randomized clinical trial controlled by placebo with an alpha linoleic acid and prebiotic enriched cookie on risk cardiovascular factor in obese patients
PubMed ID: 22470031
Small RCT: cookies with inulin+FOS+ALA lowered total and LDL cholesterol in obese men (direct lipid improvements observed).
Appetite suppression (4)
- Effects of a Diet-Based Weight-Reducing Program with Probiotic Supplementation on Satiety Efficiency, Eating Behaviour Traits, and Psychosocial Behaviours in Obese Individuals
PubMed ID: 28294985
Probiotic + small inulin dose improved eating-behavior traits and satiety in weight-loss context (behavioral reduction in craving/eating).
- Prebiotic diet changes neural correlates of food decision-making in overweight adults: a randomised controlled within-subject cross-over trial
PubMed ID: 37793780
Reduced reward‑related brain activation and decreased food wanting for high‑calorie foods after 2 weeks of inulin.
- Added soluble fiber enhances the satiating power of low-energy-density liquid yogurts
PubMed ID: 19857627
Adding inulin to low‑energy yogurt increased satiety and lowered subsequent intake — supports reduced desire for caloric/sugary intake after dosing.
- The Impact of Glucomannan, Inulin, and Psyllium Supplementation (Soloways(TM)) on Weight Loss in Adults with FTO, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Polymorphisms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 38398881
Fiber blend including inulin produced marked appetite suppression postprandially, which plausibly reduces cravings though 'sugar cravings' were not directly measured.
Similar by evidence
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Products with Inulin
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Being studied right now
Recruiting clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A trial in progress has no result yet — this is what the field is asking, not what it found.