Zinc

PubMed ID: 1432467

Large randomized trial in diarrheal infants: zinc reduced intestinal permeability (improved mucosal integrity), which supports immune barrier function.

PubMed ID: 7829006

RCT in children with shigellosis: zinc improved intestinal mucosal recovery and absorption, supporting host defense at mucosal surfaces.

PubMed ID: 15841764

Low serum zinc was associated with a substantially higher risk of respiratory infections in infants (strong observational link between zinc status and infection risk).

PubMed ID: 15237267

Intralesional zinc sulfate had substantially higher cure rates than meglumine antimoniate for cutaneous leishmaniasis (strong disease‑specific antimicrobial effect of topical zinc).

PubMed ID: 15877015

Zinc‑pyrithione preserved handwash produced large immediate and persistent reductions in microbial load (direct antimicrobial benefit relevant to defense against infection).

PubMed ID: 19321589

Enzymatic dephytinization roughly doubled zinc absorption in children — supports improving zinc bioavailability for immune needs.

PubMed ID: 23689263

Randomized trial showed short-course zinc raised plasma zinc markedly in children—directly supports immune-relevant zinc repletion.

PubMed ID: 23303870

School-lunch RCT: zinc‑fortified rice increased serum zinc in children, improving zinc status that underpins immune function.

PubMed ID: 24462483

Short zinc course prevented worsening of intestinal permeability (L:M) in toddlers—maintaining gut barrier can reduce infection risk.

PubMed ID: 32383748

RCT in HIV+ heavy drinkers showed borderline reduction in a mortality-risk index with zinc supplementation (per-protocol benefit), suggesting possible clinical immune-related benefit.

PubMed ID: 32350185

Topical zinc and zinc‑containing formulations lowered severity of oral mucositis during cancer therapy, reducing a common morbidity and potential portal for infection.

PubMed ID: 32498216

Oral multi‑ingredient immune supplement containing zinc significantly reduced tonsillitis/fever episodes and antibiotic use in children—strong clinical illness‑reduction signal.

PubMed ID: 30620868

Randomized study showed zinc+arginine toothpastes reduced viable oral bacteria by ~29–41% across sites — meaningful antimicrobial effect.

PubMed ID: 30620869

6‑month RCT: zinc+arginine toothpaste substantially reduced plaque and gingivitis (up to ~30–62%), implying improved oral defense against infection/inflammation.

PubMed ID: 28171220

Increased cellular zinc and improved oxidative/mitochondrial markers suggest improved resilience/defense mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 25639139

Food intervention (meat biscuits) increased absorbable zinc in HIV‑affected population—likely to support immunity though outcomes pending.

PubMed ID: 8862480

Trace-element regimen (including 20 mg Zn) raised serum zinc and antioxidant enzymes in elderly—direct biochemical support for immune function.

PubMed ID: 9267584

Randomized trial in elderly: zinc+selenium corrected deficiencies and significantly reduced infectious events (zinc part of active mix; plausible immune benefit).

PubMed ID: 10218756

Large RCT in nursing-home elderly: trace-element (zinc+selenium) supplementation improved antibody response to influenza vaccine and trended to fewer respiratory infections.

PubMed ID: 12917745

Nutritional supplementation in nursing‑home Alzheimer patients raised zinc and was associated with fewer infections (multinutrient intervention confounds attribution).

PubMed ID: 15136320

AREDS participants randomized to zinc-containing regimens had substantially lower all-cause mortality (~24–27% reduction), suggesting improved overall defense/health (multi-nutrient context).

PubMed ID: 17118191

Micronutrient mix including zinc significantly increased DTH skin immune responses, strongest in older adults.

PubMed ID: 20683457

Maternal zinc supplementation reduced infant diarrhoea and altered cytokine responses, indicating an immune effect (multi-nutrient context).

PubMed ID: 34959898

Supplement (contains zinc) raised serum zinc and showed modest enhancement of vaccine immune markers — good direct immune relevance though multi-ingredient.

PubMed ID: 8678384

Randomized trial: zinc gluconate lozenges significantly shortened common cold duration and symptoms—strong direct evidence for immune/anti‑infective effect.

PubMed ID: 11731649

Large RCT: daily zinc (5 mg) in SGA infants produced a large, significant reduction in infectious‑disease mortality — strong direct immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 12500659

Supplementation (zinc ± other nutrients) in growth‑retarded preschoolers lowered days ill — supports improved immune function/illness resistance.

PubMed ID: 14985220

Randomized trial in children with shigellosis: zinc increased lymphocyte proliferation and antigen-specific IgG—strong direct immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 15699240

Adjunct zinc in shigellosis raised serum zinc, increased shigellacidal antibody responses and B‑cell markers—direct immune enhancement.

PubMed ID: 20605698

Fortified seasoning containing multiple micronutrients (including zinc) reduced respiratory and diarrheal illness in preschoolers — strong clinical morbidity outcome.

PubMed ID: 30922259

Co‑supplementation including zinc increased serum zinc and reduced hs‑CRP and oxidative stress (RCT), consistent with immune/anti‑inflammatory effects though attribution to zinc alone is limited.

PubMed ID: 10215732

Adding polaprezinc to H. pylori triple therapy substantially increased eradication (ITT +17%) — clear clinical evidence that a zinc compound can improve anti‑infective therapy success.

PubMed ID: 28407007

Adding polaprezinc to triple therapy increased H. pylori eradication rates substantially — clear improved infectious outcome.

PubMed ID: 32984946

Prophylactic polaprezinc lozenge before chemotherapy halved clinically relevant oral mucositis, reducing a common infectious complication.

PubMed ID: 2275309

Topical zinc oxide reduced wound infections in leg‑ulcer patients, reflecting improved local defense against pathogens.

PubMed ID: 8365381

Restored leukocyte and plasma zinc in malnourished children — direct immune biomarker improvement.

PubMed ID: 12042580

High‑quality large RCT: daily zinc for 4 months produced large reductions in severe, long, and recurrent diarrhoea — strong clinical defense evidence.

PubMed ID: 14676592

Well‑powered randomized trial in dehydrated children with diarrhea: zinc reduced stool output, shortened diarrhea duration and lowered prolonged episodes — clear clinical benefit.

PubMed ID: 16168782

Large RCT in children: weekly zinc substantially reduced pneumonia cases and deaths and modestly reduced diarrhoea — very strong clinical defense evidence.

PubMed ID: 16140896

Weekly 20 mg zinc raised serum zinc (especially deficient infants) — biochemical support for immunity.

PubMed ID: 17081282

Burn patients receiving IV trace minerals including zinc experienced far fewer nosocomial pneumonias and shorter ICU stays — meaningful clinical defense/recovery effect (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 17132678

Fortified milk including zinc reduced diarrhoea and respiratory illness incidence/days in children (multi‑micronutrient but clinically relevant).

PubMed ID: 18326612

In young children, zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc and substantially reduced diarrhea incidence—robust evidence for improved defense against enteric illness.

PubMed ID: 20335632

Multi‑micronutrient (including zinc) shortened hospital stay for pneumonia/diarrhea in HIV‑infected children — clinical defense improvement but zinc-specific role unclear.

PubMed ID: 21592508

Randomized double‑blind trial: zinc reduced duration and volume of acute childhood diarrhea — clear clinical benefit against an infectious illness.

PubMed ID: 23289009

Hemodialysis RCT: zinc raised plasma Zn, improved immune-cell markers and lowered inflammatory cytokines — direct immune-support evidence.

PubMed ID: 26817502

Randomized trial in elderly: 30 mg/day zinc raised serum zinc and improved T-cell number/function (direct immune benefit).

PubMed ID: 28467150

RCT in severe head trauma: enteral zinc raised plasma zinc, reduced inflammation and improved organ‑failure/outcomes — direct immune/inflammatory benefit.

PubMed ID: 30521044

Zinc added to probiotic therapy for antibiotic‑associated diarrhea improved clinical efficacy, gut microbiota and permeability markers—supports defense against infection/illness.

PubMed ID: 12819076

Randomized trial: oral zinc altered vaccine responses (increased vibriocidal and mucosal antibodies), strong direct immunomodulatory evidence.

PubMed ID: 30694099

Small RCT in toddlers: zinc increased TGF-β1 and fecal sIgA and correlated with weight gain — supports mucosal immune effects.

PubMed ID: 8713219

Large RCT in sickle cell patients: zinc halved painful crises and reduced infective episodes—strong evidence for improved defense against illness.

PubMed ID: 8617190

RCT in malnourished children showed improved serum zinc, DTH and large reductions in fever/cough—strong immune benefit from zinc.

PubMed ID: 21525251

High‑quality randomized trial: daily zinc significantly reduced prolonged diarrhea in young children—strong clinical evidence for defense against infectious illness.

PubMed ID: 31756911

Large RCT showed fortified rice raised serum zinc and reduced zinc deficiency — improved zinc status plausibly supports immune function (direct biomarker evidence).

PubMed ID: 40610127

Quintuply‑fortified salt directly reduced hypozincemia in women — strong evidence of improved zinc status that underpins immune competence.

PubMed ID: 20227716

Prenatal zinc significantly reduced infant diarrhoeal days and risk of prolonged diarrhoea—strong evidence for improved defense against enteric illness in offspring.

PubMed ID: 31464392

Micronutrient pack including zinc raised plasma zinc and improved antioxidant enzymes that support host defense.

PubMed ID: 1397668

Randomized trial: zinc gluconate lozenges significantly shortened common cold duration when started early.

PubMed ID: 11347285

Topical zinc reduced cold sore duration—improves local defense against viral lesion progression.

PubMed ID: 23930726

Chelated zinc in children reduced duration/severity of cough and rhinorrhea (anti-infective symptom benefit).

PubMed ID: 16702330

Fortified seasoning lowered odds of zinc deficiency (biomarker benefit), supporting improved immune competence from better zinc status.

PubMed ID: 18541560

Large multi‑micronutrient seasoning trial reduced respiratory and diarrheal morbidity (zinc included); effect plausibly linked to improved immunity though not zinc‑only.

PubMed ID: 8988907

RCT of zinc supplements in preschoolers showed clear reductions in total disease and diarrhea episodes—strong direct evidence for immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 14652364

Large RCT: weekly iron+zinc raised serum zinc and substantially reduced severe diarrhea and severe ALRI — direct clinical immune/defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 15531676

Adding zinc to iron therapy in children reduced diarrhea duration and stool frequency vs iron alone.

PubMed ID: 16837718

Large RCT: zinc alone reduced diarrhea morbidity by ~23% — direct clinical evidence of immune/infection benefit.

PubMed ID: 16556612

Daily micronutrient powders including zinc halved child-days with diarrhea — strong reduction in infectious morbidity.

PubMed ID: 19174830

Zinc-containing supplements halved diarrhea incidence in stunted, HIV-uninfected children — meaningful reduction in infectious morbidity.

PubMed ID: 26864367

Community MNPs that included zinc were associated with far fewer hospitalizations for diarrhea/fever — plausible immune/host-defense benefit (multinutrient intervention).

PubMed ID: 32612816

Therapeutic zinc shortened/reduced diarrhea episodes in older children — direct clinical immune/anti‑infective effect of zinc therapy.

PubMed ID: 34795270

RCT subanalysis: adding zinc to MNPs reduced protozoan/fungal blooms and altered gut microbes—strong evidence zinc protects gut-associated immune defences.

PubMed ID: 33580103

School RCT: multi‑micronutrient capsules including zinc raised plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency—biomarker evidence supporting immune-relevant zinc repletion.

PubMed ID: 38890302

Fortified rice including zinc improved biochemical zinc status and shifted gut microbiota—supports zinc's role in mucosal/immune health.

PubMed ID: 38542760

Iron+zinc supplement trial increased NK cell activity in adults—functional immune signal, though product combined ingredients.

PubMed ID: 9250122

Daily oral zinc (10 mg) reduced diarrheal incidence/duration in children, indicating enhanced mucosal/immunologic defense.

PubMed ID: 9370894

Zinc (20 mg/day) shortened diarrhoeal duration, reduced stool output and improved short‑term weight gain in children.

PubMed ID: 9894821

Zinc syrup shortened recovery time in persistent diarrhoea and prevented weight/serum‑zinc loss—clinical prevention of illness sequelae.

PubMed ID: 10452407

Brief zinc during acute diarrhoea led to fewer diarrhoeal and respiratory infections during follow‑up in malnourished infants.

PubMed ID: 11332926

Undernourished children: zinc markedly reduced stool output and sped clinical recovery from persistent diarrhoea.

PubMed ID: 14985222

Zinc alone raised plasma zinc and reduced several infectious morbidities in children.

PubMed ID: 17615905

Zinc during persistent diarrhoea led to fewer/shorter subsequent diarrhoeal episodes—reduced morbidity.

PubMed ID: 17554249

Zinc plus antibiotics shortened shigellosis recovery and reduced subsequent diarrhoeal episodes.

PubMed ID: 26203094

Large RCT showed fewer diarrhea/URI cases with daily zinc—direct immune/antimicrobial benefit.

PubMed ID: 32823974

MVM containing zinc raised serum zinc and markedly reduced self‑reported illness days in older adults.

PubMed ID: 18674741

Sickle cell RCT: zinc raised plasma zinc and reduced infection incidence and inflammatory markers.

PubMed ID: 20828714

ORS with zinc+prebiotics increased diarrhea resolution at 72 h and reduced adjunct drug use — clear clinical improvement in illness course.

PubMed ID: 16192262

Probiotic cereal with 10 mg zinc shortened diarrhea and reduced watery stools — clinical reduction in illness burden though zinc contribution uncertain.

PubMed ID: 21261786

Zinc supplementation (alone or with probiotic) significantly shortened rotavirus diarrhea and hospital stay — direct clinical defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 25183688

Probiotic+zinc raised serum zinc and fecal sIgA in toddlers — direct markers of improved mucosal immunity.

PubMed ID: 20646352

Propolis+zinc reduced new AOM episodes over 3 months — evidence of reduced illness incidence (multi‑component).

PubMed ID: 14687308

Multi‑nutrient formula that included zinc improved influenza antibody responses and reduced URTI days in older adults (zinc likely contributed but not isolated).

PubMed ID: 22713768

Observational data in HIV children: higher baseline/plasma zinc correlated with larger CD4% gains after ART (supportive of immune role).

PubMed ID: 23392368

Most critically ill children had low zinc and low zinc was associated with lymphopenia (associative evidence linking zinc status to immune function).

PubMed ID: 30888253

Zinc supplementation in ART patients was associated with fewer opportunistic infections (clinical immune benefit reported).

PubMed ID: 9434661

Randomized trial in older adults showed increased CD4+ and CD8+ subsets with zinc, indicating improved cell‑mediated immunity.

PubMed ID: 10102147

Large double‑blind RCT in young children: zinc shortened diarrhoea and markedly reduced prolonged episodes—robust clinical protection.

PubMed ID: 11498488

Zinc+vitamin A reduced persistent diarrhoea and dysentery; zinc alone increased ALRI risk—mixed but important clinical findings.

PubMed ID: 11986453

Large RCT: zinc shortened diarrhea duration and halved the risk of prolonged diarrhoea—strong evidence for improved defense against gastrointestinal illness.

PubMed ID: 12052800

Daily zinc raised plasma zinc and significantly reduced pneumonia incidence (~25%) in young children—clear protective effect.

PubMed ID: 14985218

Short‑course zinc sped recovery from severe LRTI in boys—evidence for improved defense/recovery in severe respiratory illness (sex‑specific).

PubMed ID: 18237394

Vit A+zinc reduced malaria episodes and anemia (combined); supports defense against infectious disease though combined therapy limits attribution.

PubMed ID: 20107146

Daily zinc for 4 months lowered rates of diarrhea and pneumonia in young children—strong evidence of illness prevention.

PubMed ID: 22414819

Large RCT: zinc syrup reduced days with URTI (clinically relevant effect).

PubMed ID: 22374555

Vitamin A+zinc improved zinc status and hemoglobin and likely supported immune competence (confounded).

PubMed ID: 24330422

Zinc+vitamin A reduced clinical malaria incidence (~27% RR reduction).

PubMed ID: 28115667

Prenatal zinc reduced histology-confirmed placental malaria (clinically meaningful reduction).

PubMed ID: 33377367

Daily zinc raised cellular immune marker IFN-γ in preschoolers (direct immune marker).

PubMed ID: 37853408

Zinc arm trended toward fewer clinical malaria episodes (non‑significant trend).

PubMed ID: 27217217

Higher serum zinc in vaccinated infants was independently associated with lower risk of rotavirus diarrhea (observational association).

PubMed ID: 17921398

Large observational cohort in elderly: low serum zinc strongly associated with higher pneumonia incidence, longer duration, more antibiotics and higher mortality — supports zinc's role in immune defense.

PubMed ID: 7651474

Large RCT: zinc shortened duration/severity of acute childhood diarrhea—clear improvement in defense against illness.

PubMed ID: 7606610

Topical zinc‑containing bacitracin markedly lowered wound infection rates (better local defense).

PubMed ID: 8582783

Adjunct high‑dose zinc in AZT‑treated AIDS raised CD4 and reduced opportunistic infections (direct immune benefit).

PubMed ID: 8599314

Supplementation in growth‑retarded children reduced diarrheal/respiratory infections and raised IGF‑I (clinical immune benefit).

PubMed ID: 9176834

Zinc repletion (with other micronutrients) improved growth and neuropsychological function and was associated with immunologic benefits.

PubMed ID: 9164774

Community trial showed significant reductions in diarrhea (including 67% drop in persistent diarrhea) with daily zinc.

PubMed ID: 9499605

Intralesional zinc sulfate cured cutaneous leishmaniasis at high rates, demonstrating clear antipathogen efficacy in skin infections.

PubMed ID: 9401251

Randomized trial in preschoolers showed large increases in CD3/CD4 counts and improved cell-mediated immunity after daily zinc.

PubMed ID: 9651405

Large RCT corrected zinc deficiency and produced a robust 45% reduction in acute lower respiratory infection incidence.

PubMed ID: 9701155

Zinc reduced diarrhea prevalence by ~28% in low‑birth‑weight infants, indicating infection defense.

PubMed ID: 10431116

Peruvian children: daily zinc shortened diarrheal duration and raised plasma zinc — clear clinical infection benefit.

PubMed ID: 10885352

In stunted infants zinc produced large reductions in morbidity and infections — strong protection evidence.

PubMed ID: 11073753

Mixed evidence from lozenge trials: modest benefit in one experimental setting but no consistent effect overall.

PubMed ID: 10929163

Zinc acetate lozenges strongly reduced cold duration and cough in a randomized trial.

PubMed ID: 11055098

Zinc nasal gel given early markedly shortened common cold duration in a double‑blind RCT.

PubMed ID: 11304051

Zinc supplementation lowered clinical malaria episodes (especially high‑parasitemia) in preschool children.

PubMed ID: 11077932

In malnourished children with acute watery diarrhoea, oral zinc substantially shortened illness duration, reduced stool output and fluid needs—strong therapeutic benefit against infection consequences.

PubMed ID: 11586012

Oral zinc reduced inflammatory acne lesions (infectious/inflammatory skin condition) though less effective than antibiotic—moderate defense effect.

PubMed ID: 11297959

Maternal zinc supplementation reduced infant diarrhoea, dysentery and impetigo incidence—clear preventive effect on infectious illnesses in infants.

PubMed ID: 11431296

Daily zinc in children reduced diarrhoea prevalence modestly (13% reduction)—supportive but smaller preventative benefit.

PubMed ID: 11260171

Dose‑dependent, very high cure rates for cutaneous leishmaniasis with oral zinc sulphate—robust antimicrobial/antiparasitic clinical benefit.

PubMed ID: 11952542

Oral zinc produced high clearance rates of recalcitrant warts (immune-mediated skin lesion clearance).

PubMed ID: 12424162

Large community RCT: zinc during diarrhoea reduced incidence/duration and child deaths — strong immune/host-defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 12450909

Infant trial: zinc raised serum zinc and reduced ALRI only in those who were zinc-deficient — targeted immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 12410197

Large double-blind RCT: zinc (ORS/syrup) reduced stool output and severity in acute diarrhoea — supports host defense.

PubMed ID: 12530280

Single-dose oral zinc increased PPD induration (enhanced cellular immune response).

PubMed ID: 14725411

Severely malnourished children: zinc decreased mortality and illnesses — strong support for immune/defense role.

PubMed ID: 14654605

Low-birth-weight infant trial: zinc reduced diarrhoea episodes — supports infection defense in this group.

PubMed ID: 12839279

Large RCT: oral zinc (daily or weekly) substantially reduced diarrhoeal incidence and episodes in children — strong immune/prophylactic effect.

PubMed ID: 12509647

Topical nasal zinc gel shortened common-cold duration by ~1.7 days and reduced symptom severity — supports mucosal defense.

PubMed ID: 12964500

Small RCT in radiotherapy patients: oral zinc prevented some opportunistic oral infections (Candida, staphylococci).

PubMed ID: 15158629

20 mg zinc daily shortened time to resolution of severe childhood pneumonia and hospital stay (~1 day) — strong clinical defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 16310552

Zinc reduced watery diarrhoea visits in HIV-infected children, a clear clinical reduction in illness episodes.

PubMed ID: 16087985

In undernourished children zinc reduced diarrhoeal morbidity — strong evidence for reduced illness burden.

PubMed ID: 15795438

Acute illness depresses plasma zinc; short-term zinc raised plasma zinc during malaria — supports immune-relevant zinc repletion.

PubMed ID: 15957842

Zinc added to an antiviral herbal treatment increased HCMV IgM negative conversion — suggests antiviral/immune effect but confounded by co‑therapy.

PubMed ID: 16540790

Large multi-country trial found zinc in childhood diarrhea reduced unnecessary antibiotic/antidiarrheal use and was well adhered to — supports practical illness defense benefits.

PubMed ID: 17014663

Topical zinc reduced S. aureus occurrence in wounds and lowered postoperative antibiotic prescriptions — supports local infection defense.

PubMed ID: 16982486

Prophylactic oral zinc RCT in children significantly reduced number, duration and severity of colds — direct immune-protective effect.

PubMed ID: 17493510

Zinc added to ORS shortened childhood diarrhea by ~17 hours and reduced costs — clear clinical benefit against diarrheal illness.

PubMed ID: 17344507

45 mg/day Zn in older adults significantly reduced infections and raised plasma Zn; direct clinical immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 18214192

Topical zinc augmented delayed-type hypersensitivity and increased TB skin-test positivity, reversing false negatives in deficient subjects.

PubMed ID: 18045283

Oral zinc in children reduced cold symptom severity (esp. nasal), indicating symptomatic immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 17460497

Large RCT showed meaningful reductions in diarrheal morbidity and dysentery in boys and fewer some infections in girls — population-level illness defense in subgroups.

PubMed ID: 17414392

Weekly zinc in children reduced overall diarrhoea incidence and prolonged diarrhoeal episodes in a large community trial.

PubMed ID: 18842795

Randomized trial showed zinc (+micronutrients) improved multiple T‑cell and cytokine immune markers.

PubMed ID: 18184631

Zinc shortened cholera diarrhoea duration and reduced stool output in a randomized trial.

PubMed ID: 18279051

Zinc acetate lozenges produced large, clinically meaningful shortening of common cold duration.

PubMed ID: 19022973

Daily zinc reduced the association between pneumococcal carriage and lower respiratory infections in young children.

PubMed ID: 19902798

Large cohort: low plasma zinc in children strongly associated with more days ill, diarrhea and respiratory infections (observational link to immune function).

PubMed ID: 19347367

Zinc supplementation reduced relapse rates and increased remission (in a relapsing disease), implying improved defense against recurrence/illness in that context.

PubMed ID: 19341987

Randomized trial in cadets: 15 mg/day zinc increased weeks without cold symptoms (clinical immune-related benefit).

PubMed ID: 20455705

Randomized trial in zinc‑deficient HIV+ adults showed large reduction in immunological failure (CD4<200) — strong clinical immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 20237063

In children with ETEC diarrhea zinc increased complement and phagocytosis — direct innate immune enhancement.

PubMed ID: 20374562

Continuing zinc after diarrhea substantially lowered subsequent diarrheal incidence in young children — strong preventive clinical effect.

PubMed ID: 21147907

Large trial in Bangladeshi children showed 5‑ and 10‑day zinc courses were equivalent — supports zinc treatment effectiveness for diarrheal illness management/prevention.

PubMed ID: 21205556

Zinc with standard care reduced stool frequency and sped recovery in childhood diarrhoea (clear clinical benefit).

PubMed ID: 20858275

Cross-sectional data show high prevalence of low zinc in HIV-infected children, supporting relevance of zinc to immune status.

PubMed ID: 21660402

Clinical RCT: zinc adjunct accelerated recovery and shortened hospitalization for severe childhood pneumonia (clear clinical defense benefit).

PubMed ID: 22870238

Large RCT: zinc 10 mg/day in preschoolers reduced diarrhea (~24%) and fever without localizing signs (~25%) — clear preventive illness benefit.

PubMed ID: 22656335

Adjunct zinc in infants with probable serious bacterial infection reduced treatment failure by ~40% — strong clinical defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 22981241

60‑day zinc in deficient children halved ALRI incidence and reduced severe ALRI, indicating substantial protection against respiratory illness.

PubMed ID: 22316073

Adjunct zinc in hospitalized children with severe pneumonia produced a large reduction in case fatality (67% relative) — robust evidence of improved illness outcomes.

PubMed ID: 22189527

Maternal antenatal zinc (30 mg/day) RCT produced large reductions in infant impetigo incidence and incidence rate, direct clinical immune benefit in infants.

PubMed ID: 24025633

High‑dose zinc in very‑low‑birth‑weight infants significantly reduced composite morbidity (sepsis/NEC) and mortality, strong protection against serious infection.

PubMed ID: 24270132

Pilot RCT: correcting low zinc raised plasma zinc and produced significant CD4 count increases in HIV patients—direct immune cell benefit.

PubMed ID: 23964387

School fortification increased serum zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence—biomarker evidence supporting immune competence.

PubMed ID: 23963274

Small RCT in children with leukemia: oral zinc associated with fewer infections—clinical evidence of improved defense.

PubMed ID: 23733798

Large RCT in infants: 2‑week zinc prophylaxis produced large, durable reductions in diarrhea episodes and days—strong evidence of better illness defense.

PubMed ID: 24090125

Large community trial: zinc distribution greatly increased zinc use and was associated with lower diarrheal prevalence—population-level defense improvement.

PubMed ID: 25362008

Short zinc decreased lower‑respiratory infection incidence (~62% reduction) and modestly shortened ARI episodes in infants — clinical defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 24960516

Zinc repletion in asthmatic children improved symptoms and spirometry, suggesting improved host defence/respiratory status.

PubMed ID: 24967861

Triple‑blind RCT in preschoolers: zinc amino‑acid chelate halved respiratory infection incidence — strong evidence for improved defense against illness.

PubMed ID: 24835009

Large community trial: making zinc available increased zinc treatment uptake and was associated with fewer household‑reported ALRI episodes (signal for protection).

PubMed ID: 26429655

Zinc reduced recurrence of febrile seizures in children with prior simple febrile seizure; baseline low zinc predicted recurrence.

PubMed ID: 25749908

Clear RCT evidence: zinc shortened diarrhea duration and reduced persistence in young children — strong defense against GI illness.

PubMed ID: 25733467

Human biofortification trial: doubled absorbed zinc in children—improves zinc status which supports immune function.

PubMed ID: 25822861

RCT in children with acute diarrhea: zinc-containing ORS increased fluid intake and sped diarrhoea resolution—clinical immune/illness benefit.

PubMed ID: 27255474

Large RCT: daily 5 mg zinc in infants substantially reduced colds and diarrhoea—direct immune benefit.

PubMed ID: 27489011

Cluster-RCT: preventive zinc modestly increased plasma zinc and reduced reported diarrhea/fever incidence.

PubMed ID: 28011970

Pediatric RCT: oral zinc accelerated recovery from bronchiolitis—supports antiviral/antimicrobial host response.

PubMed ID: 27514768

Pediatric UTI trial: adjunctive zinc sped clinical recovery and reduced urinary symptoms, suggesting enhanced host defense.

PubMed ID: 27655538

RCT in infants with rotavirus showed zinc shortened diarrhea and recurrence, consistent with immune/antimicrobial support.

PubMed ID: 28494765

Individual‑patient reanalyses of zinc‑lozenge trials show substantial shortening of common cold duration—supports antiviral/immune effects.

PubMed ID: 30219062

High‑zinc biofortified wheat associated with fewer pneumonia and vomiting days in children — population-level protection signal.

PubMed ID: 28953493

Single 40 mg zinc lozenge before intubation markedly reduced early postoperative sore throat incidence/severity — acute protective effect.

PubMed ID: 31392541

Zinc acetate reliably and substantially raised serum zinc in hypozincemic patients — prerequisite for immune support.

PubMed ID: 31609926

Zinc supplementation in PLHIV raised serum Zn and often reduced inflammatory/immune-activation markers, consistent with improved immune status.

PubMed ID: 31578136

Zinc (15 mg) shortened diarrhoea recovery and reduced stool frequency/hospital time in children — robust clinical illness benefit.

PubMed ID: 30677019

Programmatic trial increasing ORS+zinc coverage can improve population-level defense against childhood diarrheal illness.

PubMed ID: 32966722

Large pediatric RCT showing therapeutic zinc effective for diarrheal outcomes at lower doses — supports zinc as illness therapy.

PubMed ID: 31821466

High-quality RCT: adjunctive oral zinc (30 mg/day) shortened pneumonia recovery and hospital stay — direct clinical immune/illness benefit.

PubMed ID: 33285602

RCT in preterm late-onset sepsis: zinc improved CRP/PCT and sepsis scores — supports immune/antimicrobial effects.

PubMed ID: 33655432

RCT in zinc‑deficient diabetic HD patients lowered hs‑CRP and inflammation — supports immune modulation.

PubMed ID: 33629384

IV zinc corrected deficiency in hospitalized COVID patients — restores zinc needed for immunity.

PubMed ID: 33742262

Zinc dentifrice reduced oral PMNs and gingivitis — local anti‑inflammatory/immune effect in oral cavity.

PubMed ID: 34325645

Neonatal RDS RCT: zinc reduced IL‑8 and improved inflammatory/oxidative markers and clinical course.

PubMed ID: 37939725

VLBW infants: higher‑dose zinc markedly reduced NEC and sepsis — strong immune/host‑defense benefit.

PubMed ID: 36367144

Adult COVID RCT: oral zinc reduced ICU admissions and composite ICU/death — clinical immune/illness benefit.

PubMed ID: 38130922

CPC+zinc rinse produced the largest immediate reductions in salivary SARS‑CoV‑2 load, indicating improved short‑term defense in the oral cavity.

PubMed ID: 39242528

Phone reminders improved adherence to zinc for childhood diarrhea — by increasing correct zinc use this supports better defense/illness outcomes indirectly.

PubMed ID: 39348081

ZnO‑nanoparticle‑coated orthodontic tubes substantially reduced cariogenic bacteria and local plaque/gingival inflammation, a direct antimicrobial defense effect.

PubMed ID: 40431411

RCT in people with HIV raised plasma zinc and significantly lowered monocyte activation marker sCD14, indicating an immunomodulatory benefit.

PubMed ID: 41076985

High‑dose oral zinc acetate added to standard care for COVID‑19 decreased progression to ICU/death and shortened recovery time in a randomized trial.

PubMed ID: 40009628

Daily gargling with a CPC+zinc mouthwash reduced common cold symptom incidence/severity over 90 days; zinc was part of an effective prophylactic product.

PubMed ID: 18956153

6 months of 5 mg/day zinc improved weight and height and dramatically reduced stunting in preschool children.

PubMed ID: 16131023

Yogurt supplementation in preschoolers (increasing zinc among other nutrients) produced small but significant increases in height, weight—supports growth though confounded.

PubMed ID: 18381542

Post‑discharge fortification of human milk increased zinc intake and was associated with better growth trends in low‑birth‑weight infants; while multiple nutrients were added, zinc intake was explicitly raised and growth improved.

PubMed ID: 19589154

High prevalence (~91%) of inadequate zinc intake among pregnant women suggests risk to fetal growth/development — strong deficiency evidence.

PubMed ID: 21666979

Multimicronutrient supplementation in lactating adolescents raised plasma zinc — supports improved maternal/infant zinc status relevant to growth.

PubMed ID: 22625182

Home-visit complementary feeding raised dietary zinc intake and modestly improved length in one intervention arm (human trial, indirect zinc attribution).

PubMed ID: 24150200

Randomized one-year supplementation (Ca+multivitamin+zinc) increased height velocity and HAZ in underprivileged premenarchal girls (zinc part of regimen).

PubMed ID: 25744506

Pilot RCT: maternal synbiotic prevented declines in breast‑milk zinc and modestly supported infant weight vs placebo — direct infant growth relevance though small/limited.

PubMed ID: 27581574

Large observational cohort found dietary zinc adequacy independently associated with improved linear growth through 18 months — associative evidence supporting growth relevance.

PubMed ID: 30216697

Fortified staple foods and infant products contributed large proportions of zinc intake in young children — supports growth via improved zinc intake (observational dietary data).

PubMed ID: 33138121

Modeling showed adding fortified milk would substantially lower zinc inadequacy in young Filipino children — supports interventions to improve growth‑relevant nutrient adequacy.

PubMed ID: 39796565

Large dietary survey documented very low zinc intakes in rural Tanzanian infants (≤10% met RNI) — indicates risk of impaired growth from zinc deficiency (observational evidence).

PubMed ID: 39760216

Personalized prenatal nutrition increased dietary zinc and was associated with better newborn outcomes (fewer adverse outcomes) — suggests adequate maternal zinc intake supports fetal growth, though other nutrients changed too.

PubMed ID: 26491117

Increased bone formation biomarker in prepubertal girls suggests short‑term support for growth processes (biomarker‑level evidence).

PubMed ID: 7629954

Large RCT: 25 mg/day zinc in pregnancy increased infant birth weight (+126 g overall; larger in lower BMI women) and head circumference.

PubMed ID: 10829989

Observational study: malnourished children had low serum zinc strongly correlated with short stature—strong association linking zinc status to growth.

PubMed ID: 10445218

One‑year RCT: iron+zinc produced marked improvement in height Z‑score in short children — strong, direct growth evidence.

PubMed ID: 12728080

Preterm infant RCT: zinc supplementation substantially increased linear growth and zinc biomarkers — robust growth outcome.

PubMed ID: 16571156

TB trial: zinc + multivitamins increased weight gain (2.37 kg) — evidence of growth/nutritional benefit in ill adults (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 20730057

Micronutrient‑fortified milk (includes zinc) substantially increased weight and height velocity in preschool children—meaningful growth support at population level.

PubMed ID: 39374901

VLBW infants on fortified human milk showed marked serum zinc declines over 3 weeks—directly highlights zinc's importance for infant growth and need to meet zinc requirements.

PubMed ID: 30694099

Zinc supplementation in young children was associated with increased body‑weight gain vs placebo — direct small RCT evidence for growth support.

PubMed ID: 8112803

Maternal zinc supplementation markedly raised maternal/cord zinc and was associated with higher birth weight and longer gestation—strong fetal growth support evidence.

PubMed ID: 15238902

Micronutrient-fortified drink delivered most children's zinc needs with good absorption — directly relevant to supporting growth/nutrition.

PubMed ID: 12700794

Zinc supplementation in pregnant adolescents prevented the expected decline in plasma zinc—supportive of maternal nutrient status that can aid fetal growth.

PubMed ID: 15113721

Prenatal zinc modestly increased fetal femur length—directly indicates support for fetal skeletal growth.

PubMed ID: 21178093

Low‑dose iron+zinc powder in children reduced zinc deficiency and modestly improved weight-for-age—direct child growth/nutrition benefit.

PubMed ID: 22569086

Year‑long randomized trial showed zinc supplementation slowed decline in head circumference z‑scores (direct evidence for growth support).

PubMed ID: 28515164

Placental zinc‑transporter gene expression changed with maternal supplementation, implying altered fetal zinc delivery — mechanistic support for fetal growth effects.

PubMed ID: 32844185

Antenatal MM (including zinc) increased cord blood zinc by ~5.8% — direct evidence of improved neonatal zinc status that can support early growth.

PubMed ID: 7981560

Randomized double-blind trial: 10 mg/day zinc for 12 months significantly increased height velocity in boys with short stature (clear clinical growth benefit).

PubMed ID: 18614736

Prenatal zinc (added to iron+folate) produced heavier infants with larger calf and chest circumferences and greater calf muscle area up to 12 months — strong, direct evidence for growth support.

PubMed ID: 25059838

Antenatal multimicronutrient supplementation (including zinc) was associated with better birth outcomes and lower markers of erythropoietic stress—supports fetal growth though zinc not isolated.

PubMed ID: 14734876

Ready-to-use food (higher zinc intake) produced modest, longer-lasting weight gain in underweight Malawian children—human growth-relevant evidence.

PubMed ID: 18029804

Large broiler chick trial: dietary zinc increased weight gain and identified optimal dietary Zn—strong animal growth evidence.

PubMed ID: 23714325

Year‑long fortified yoghurt (including zinc) produced a modest but significant improvement in height‑for‑age z‑score in schoolchildren.

PubMed ID: 9925127

Weekly or daily micronutrient supplements including zinc increased plasma zinc and produced meaningful linear growth gains in stunted children (clear growth benefit).

PubMed ID: 15321815

Large RCT: zinc alone produced modest improvements in some growth measures (weight‑for‑age, knee‑heel length).

PubMed ID: 15924983

Nutrition education increased zinc/energy feeding and reduced stunting prevalence — indirect dietary evidence for growth support.

PubMed ID: 16306925

Zinc-alone increased serum zinc and improved weight gain in infants — direct evidence of growth support.

PubMed ID: 17468087

In stunted infants, zinc+iron (±vit A) produced 1.1–1.5 cm more linear growth vs placebo — strong growth benefit when combined with iron.

PubMed ID: 17709456

School fortified beverage including zinc improved short-term growth in adolescent girls — multi‑micronutrient growth effect.

PubMed ID: 18806109

Across several SE Asian trials zinc reduced odds of stunting (~20% lower odds) and aided length gain in anemic infants — direct growth benefit (subgroup effects).

PubMed ID: 19902797

Prenatal iron+zinc raised birthweight by ~131 g in iron-deficient/anaemic mothers, a meaningful fetal growth effect in that subgroup.

PubMed ID: 20980657

Fortified complementary foods improved hemoglobin/ferritin and reduced zinc‑deficiency prevalence — population-level nutritional support that can promote growth.

PubMed ID: 20662342

Six-month nutritional program that included intermittent zinc increased growth velocity in short children born SGA vs observation (combined intervention).

PubMed ID: 22801933

Daily Sprinkles (including zinc) plus feeding education reduced anemia and modestly increased serum zinc while given — program reduced micronutrient deficits that commonly limit growth.

PubMed ID: 23843474

Biofortified pearl millet increased absorbed zinc and absorbed iron in children — strong direct evidence that dietary zinc availability was increased, supporting growth potential.

PubMed ID: 24225356

Lipid-based fortified supplement (including zinc) for 6 months produced small sustained gains in linear growth and weight in infants (multi-nutrient LNS).

PubMed ID: 25076659

Fortified complementary food (zinc+iron) raised hemoglobin and cut anemia in infants — improved micronutrient status important for growth, even though no growth change was seen in that trial, the haematologic benefit supports growth potential.

PubMed ID: 25639137

Randomized trial in rural China: providing meat (bioavailable zinc/iron source) as a complementary food reduced decline in length-for-age vs cereal — strong diet-based evidence implicating zinc-rich foods in improved linear growth.

PubMed ID: 25493942

MNPs increased total absorbed zinc and EZP in Kenyan infants — improved absorbed zinc is mechanistically relevant to supporting growth.

PubMed ID: 9370894

Supplemented children had improved short‑term weight gain, especially in low‑zinc/stunted subgroups.

PubMed ID: 9894821

Zinc preserved weight during persistent diarrhoea and maintained serum zinc—supports growth/nutritional status.

PubMed ID: 10452407

Two‑week zinc during acute diarrhoea produced greater subsequent linear growth and fewer infections in malnourished infants.

PubMed ID: 11332926

Zinc prevented weight loss and led to net weight gain during recovery—supports growth in undernourished children.

PubMed ID: 17615905

Zinc during persistent diarrhoea led to better linear growth in underweight children on follow‑up.

PubMed ID: 20308765

Preterm infant RCT: oral zinc (2 mg/kg/day) increased serum zinc and improved weight/length growth.

PubMed ID: 27083763

Randomized trial: chelated zinc plus multivitamins increased linear growth (~+1.3 cm over 6 months) in schoolchildren.

PubMed ID: 22374555

Vitamin A+zinc (and other micronutrients) improved serum zinc, hemoglobin and HAZ vs vitamin A alone (confounded but growth benefit observed).

PubMed ID: 24220161

Prenatal zinc (with vitamin A) produced a small but significant increase in newborn length (+0.3 cm).

PubMed ID: 20972285

RUTF produced greater weight gain and increased plasma zinc in malnourished preschoolers (multi-nutrient but relevant to growth).

PubMed ID: 2208436

Zinc syrup in children with anorexia produced hair‑zinc increases and clinical improvement in appetite/body weight, consistent with promoting growth/nutrition.

PubMed ID: 2065637

Oral zinc during late pregnancy reduced small‑for‑gestational‑age births in at‑risk women (supports fetal growth outcomes).

PubMed ID: 1355797

Randomized trial in breastfed infants: 5 mg/day zinc for 3 months significantly increased length and weight vs placebo (strong growth benefit).

PubMed ID: 8350219

Very-low-birth-weight infants given zinc had higher plasma zinc, grew faster, and had better motor scores (randomized supplementation showing growth/development benefits).

PubMed ID: 8438768

Children given 10 mg/day zinc had increased plasma zinc and improved muscle-related body measures (partial growth/nutrition benefit though no linear growth change reported).

PubMed ID: 7636643

Daily 3 mg zinc in SGA infants improved weight and length gain over 6 months (direct growth benefit).

PubMed ID: 8599314

Well‑conducted RCT in undernourished Vietnamese children: significant gains in weight and height with zinc (strong growth evidence).

PubMed ID: 9394693

Preschool supplementation (10 mg/day) modestly increased linear growth in boys after 14 months (statistically significant in subgroup).

PubMed ID: 9176834

Zinc repletion in young children improved growth (knee height) in randomized trials, particularly when correcting deficiency.

PubMed ID: 9701162

Zinc given with other micronutrients improved knee‑height growth in Chinese schoolchildren (co‑supplementation confounds attribution).

PubMed ID: 9482763

Community RCT in stunted Guatemalan infants increased midarm muscle area and improved linear growth.

PubMed ID: 9701155

Low‑birth‑weight infant trial: 5 mg/day zinc reduced diarrhea and improved later weight gain.

PubMed ID: 10885352

Large RCT in stunted infants showed marked increases in linear growth and weight with zinc — strong evidence.

PubMed ID: 11815322

RCT in prepubertal children with sickle cell disease: 10 mg/day zinc improved linear growth measures over 12 months.

PubMed ID: 12450909

Infants given zinc from 1–6 months gained weight only if zinc-deficient at baseline — targeted growth benefit.

PubMed ID: 14725411

Severely malnourished children receiving zinc showed markedly better weight recovery and reduced mortality — strong growth/nutritional recovery evidence.

PubMed ID: 14654605

LBW infant randomized trial: small-dose daily zinc from birth to 1 year reduced diarrhoea and improved weight/length measures by 1 year.

PubMed ID: 17460497

Large randomized trial showed faster linear growth in girls and mixed growth effects — clear, clinically significant growth support in subgroups.

PubMed ID: 19658043

Pregnancy zinc (50 mg/day) increased newborn head circumference significantly — direct evidence of supporting fetal growth.

PubMed ID: 21205556

Zinc treatment in childhood diarrhoea sped recovery—reduced morbidity can support growth indirectly in children.

PubMed ID: 21546443

Randomized, double‑blind trial in VLBW infants: 10 mg/day zinc produced a large, statistically significant increase in linear growth velocity.

PubMed ID: 21858548

RCT in low‑birth‑weight infants: daily zinc improved weight, length and head circumference by 6 months — strong evidence for supporting growth in infants.

PubMed ID: 23964387

School-based zinc fortification raised serum zinc and reduced deficiency prevalence—repletion supports normal growth in children.

PubMed ID: 23963274

Zinc supplementation in children with leukemia was associated with weight gain—evidence of nutritional/growth support in this population.

PubMed ID: 23733798

Infant zinc prophylaxis drastically reduced diarrhea incidence/duration over months—reducing illness burden supports infant growth/nutrition.

PubMed ID: 25816354

SQ‑LNS packages that included zinc reduced stunting in Burkinabe children, though zinc‑specific effect not isolated.

PubMed ID: 25759961

Zinc increased IGF‑1, IGFBP3 and ALP in well‑nourished children — anabolic/growth‑axis changes supportive of growth.

PubMed ID: 25733467

Biofortified maize in Zambian children nearly doubled absorbed zinc and achieved physiologic requirements—direct support for growth potential.

PubMed ID: 28101714

Large population survey: serum zinc and growth improved in Chinese schoolchildren over 2002–2012—supports zinc's role in growth at population level.

PubMed ID: 29870301

Lower serum Zn in girls with sickle cell associated with delayed sexual maturation and later menarche → suggests Zn role in growth/maturation (observational).

PubMed ID: 31694220

In children with CKD zinc supplementation produced modest improvements in anthropometric nutritional markers (body‑mass measures).

PubMed ID: 30624753

Stable‑isotope absorption study in toddlers quantified that ~10–15 mg Zn is needed in MNP to meet absorbed Zn requirements necessary for growth.

PubMed ID: 33871218

Pregnancy RCT: 20 mg/day zinc increased neonatal length and cord osteocalcin — direct support for fetal growth.

PubMed ID: 37939725

Higher‑dose zinc in VLBW infants reduced NEC/feeding intolerance and sepsis, supporting growth and survival chances.

PubMed ID: 37648112

Biofortified potato delivered ~22% more absorbable zinc per serving by isotope study — directly improves dietary zinc availability relevant to growth.

PubMed ID: 38309672

Large school‑based RCT found multimicronutrient supplementation including zinc increased lean mass and reduced fat mass, with mediation analyses implicating zinc — substantive growth support.

PubMed ID: 38621624

Pregnancy trial showed SQ‑LNS containing zinc slightly raised maternal zinc; third‑trimester hypozincemia associated with smaller newborn LAZ/WAZ (link to growth).

PubMed ID: 40218895

Eating zinc‑biofortified wheat modestly increased zinc intake and produced a small but significant head‑circumference gain in young children, a growth indicator.

PubMed ID: 9023466

RCT in schoolchildren showed significant short‑term improvements in weight and arm muscle‑area (direct evidence that zinc supplementation can support growth indices),

PubMed ID: 19321589

Enzymatic dephytinization doubled zinc absorption in Nigerian children — large improvement in bioavailable zinc relevant to growth.

PubMed ID: 22648720

Randomized feeding trial in breastfed infants: meat or iron‑zinc fortified cereal increased zinc intake, absorbed zinc and EZP — supports growth potential via zinc availability.

PubMed ID: 23689263

Controlled supplementation increased plasma zinc in young children—improving zinc status is a key modifiable determinant of child growth potential.

PubMed ID: 23303870

Zinc‑fortified school-lunch rice raised serum zinc in children—population-level zinc repletion that can support growth.

PubMed ID: 26609168

Large cross-sectional dataset documents high prevalence of low plasma zinc and very high stunting—associative evidence that zinc deficiency coexists with impaired growth.

PubMed ID: 14679367

Pregnant women on multi-micronutrient pill (includes zinc) had babies ~10% heavier and maternal zinc correlated with newborn height — strong growth signal (multi-nutrient caveat).

PubMed ID: 15531679

Adding zinc to prenatal beta-carotene/iron improved maternal and infant vitamin A status and reduced infant vitamin A deficiency (>30%), supporting infant health/growth.

PubMed ID: 7752008

Preterm infants fed a zinc‑enriched formula reached normal plasma zinc levels—restoring zinc status supports growth/development though growth outcomes were not isolated to zinc.

PubMed ID: 9387716

Maternal tonic with added zinc raised maternal serum zinc/hemoglobin and increased newborn birth weight — suggests benefit to fetal growth though zinc was part of a multi‑nutrient tonic.

PubMed ID: 9738713

Nutrient‑enriched formula (including zinc) in preterm infants increased growth (length), lean mass and zinc retention — strong evidence that improving zinc (among other nutrients) supports infant growth.

PubMed ID: 12500659

Supplementation (zinc alone or with Ca/VA) increased linear growth in growth‑retarded preschoolers — direct evidence for growth support.

PubMed ID: 17284743

Isotope study: higher zinc intake decreased fractional zinc absorption but increased absolute zinc absorption and affected heme-iron absorption — direct metabolism evidence.

PubMed ID: 25582309

Combined iron+zinc supplementation improved serum zinc and iron indices — demonstrates interaction and improvement in mineral metabolic status.

PubMed ID: 32007694

RCT in children with β‑thalassemia and diabetes: oral zinc improved fasting glucose, HOMA‑IR and increased C‑peptide — strong trial‑level evidence for metabolic (glycemic) benefits in this population.

PubMed ID: 38092153

Infant trial: daily zinc produced specific, significant metabolomic changes—direct evidence of metabolic effects.

PubMed ID: 26947791

After gastric bypass, an optimized multivitamin (including zinc) reduced zinc deficiency prevalence—supports metabolic/nutrient status.

PubMed ID: 33607357

In postmenopausal women, 8 weeks of zinc raised vitamin D slightly and was associated with lower leptin — suggests metabolic/hormonal modulation (modest evidence).

PubMed ID: 29804469

Zinc plus vitamin E for 6 weeks in gestational diabetes improved fasting insulin, HOMA‑IR and lowered LDL vs placebo — meaningful metabolic improvements though co‑supplemented.

PubMed ID: 1355797

Zinc supplementation in breastfed infants increased growth parameters, reflecting improved nutritional/metabolic status.

PubMed ID: 11229219

Small RCT in diabetic neuropathy improved nerve conduction and glycemic measures versus placebo.

PubMed ID: 16532095

Type 2 diabetic patients (low baseline Zn) given 30 mg/day zinc sulfate for 3 months had significant HbA1c improvement — strong metabolic evidence.

PubMed ID: 17028377

In obese women, 30 mg/day zinc for 4 weeks lowered insulin and HOMA-IR markedly — direct improvement in insulin sensitivity.

PubMed ID: 20045801

Randomized trial in obese children: 20 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks reduced fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR (direct metabolic benefit).

PubMed ID: 21028969

Randomized crossover in obese prepubescent children: 20 mg/day zinc improved insulin‑resistance markers and BMI — clear metabolic benefit.

PubMed ID: 21865332

Roux-en-Y patients showed markedly reduced zinc absorption and status post-surgery, relevant to metabolic/nutritional handling of zinc.

PubMed ID: 21779873

Genetic study of ZnT‑8 links zinc biology to proinsulin processing and insulin secretion — mechanistic/indirect support for metabolic effects.

PubMed ID: 23275352

Human studies on zinc‑α2‑glycoprotein (ZAG) associate ZAG with insulin resistance and respond to metabolic interventions — indirect relevance to zinc biology and metabolism.

PubMed ID: 22950600

Zinc supplementation raised HDL and Apo‑AI in dialysis patients — direct favorable effects on lipid metabolism.

PubMed ID: 23475369

Zinc supplementation in ESRD patients significantly lowered homocysteine, a metabolic/vascular risk marker.

PubMed ID: 26233572

Gestational diabetes RCT: 30 mg/day zinc improved fasting glucose, HOMA‑IR and insulin sensitivity over 6 weeks.

PubMed ID: 25868059

PCOS trial: zinc improved fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR and reduced triglycerides over 8 weeks.

PubMed ID: 27334434

Maternal zinc in GDM increased newborn PPAR-γ and GLUT1 expression and raised maternal serum zinc—molecular metabolic effects.

PubMed ID: 27242121

Double-blind RCT in pre‑diabetes: 30 mg/day zinc for 6 months significantly lowered fasting glucose and improved HOMA measures—direct metabolic benefit.

PubMed ID: 29072815

Large 12‑month RCT: 20 mg/day zinc in prediabetes significantly reduced progression to diabetes and improved glycaemia/HOMA‑IR — strong metabolic benefit.

PubMed ID: 31129183

Zinc improved fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA‑IR and lipids in overweight T2DM patients — direct metabolic improvements.

PubMed ID: 31248307

In at‑risk pregnant women zinc lowered fasting insulin and improved antioxidant/inflammatory profile — metabolic relevance.

PubMed ID: 31345359

T2D RCT: zinc raised HDL and adiponectin but did not improve glycemic control — moderate metabolic biomarker signal.

PubMed ID: 32932174

NAFLD RCT: zinc improved insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and oxidative stress markers — strong metabolic benefit evidence.

PubMed ID: 33655432

Zinc in zinc‑deficient dialysis diabetics lowered fasting glucose and inflammatory markers — metabolic improvement.

PubMed ID: 34236435

Randomized timing study showed clear effects on plasma zinc and FADS1 desaturase index — direct metabolic impact.

PubMed ID: 33638612

Diet altered zinc‑dependent neprilysin expression — links zinc biology to metabolic enzyme regulation.

PubMed ID: 37700584

Oral zinc in term neonates shortened bilirubin decline and phototherapy duration — metabolic hepatic benefit.

PubMed ID: 37137539

50 mg/day zinc improved oxidative stress and produced favorable changes in glycaemic indices in overweight T2DM — clear metabolic benefit.

PubMed ID: 35345925

20 mg/day zinc for 60 days lowered fasting glucose (RCT in T2D) indicating direct metabolic effects.

PubMed ID: 38309672

Multimicronutrient supplementation including zinc increased lean mass and reduced fat mass in schoolchildren; effects were mediated in part by zinc (metabolic/growth relevance).

PubMed ID: 39400501

Zinc supplementation in hemodialysis patients increased body fat and serum zinc correlated with fat mass, indicating a measurable metabolic effect.

PubMed ID: 32020523

30 mg/day zinc in overweight/obese NAFLD patients reduced ALT, GGT and waist circumference—direct metabolic biomarker improvements.

PubMed ID: 9828759

Phytic acid dose‑dependently depressed zinc absorption (strong mechanistic evidence affecting zinc bioavailability and metabolic status).

PubMed ID: 18469257

Strong human evidence that absorption adapts to intake and is blocked by phytate — central to zinc metabolic homeostasis.

PubMed ID: 19321589

Enzymatic dephytinization doubled zinc absorption in children — large effect on metabolic availability of zinc.

PubMed ID: 22648720

Randomized feeding: meat or zinc‑fortified cereal increased absorbed zinc and exchangeable zinc pool in infants — direct metabolic impact.

PubMed ID: 39781581

Randomized pediatric trial (myo‑inositol+zinc) produced modest HDL and insulin-resistance improvements in severe obesity subgroup—metabolic signal present though zinc was coadministered.

PubMed ID: 29352828

Zinc‑fortified water modified plasma phospholipid fatty‑acid patterns (nervonic acid) especially in zinc‑deficient children—mechanistic metabolic effects.

PubMed ID: 32534376

24‑month zinc 30 mg/day altered RBC PUFA profile and increased unsaturation index and FADS1 expression—strong evidence zinc affects lipid metabolism.

PubMed ID: 34036355

Zinc‑biofortified wheat changed FADS2/FADS1 activities in healthy men, indicating zinc‑dependent modulation of fatty‑acid desaturation.

PubMed ID: 39789197

Zinc sulfate with DAAs in HCV patients raised serum zinc and improved fibrosis/APRI and fibrosis markers—meaningful hepatic/metabolic impact.

PubMed ID: 28171220

Multinutrient raised cellular zinc and mitochondrial activity and altered nitrosative stress—supports metabolic health mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 25300112

Vitamin‑mineral complex that included zinc improved serum zinc and reduced fasting glucose beyond diet alone in obese women with T2D (multi-nutrient context).

PubMed ID: 19329405

High‑dose multivitamin‑mineral (including zinc) lowered blood pressure and CRP in at‑risk obese women—evidence of improved metabolic/inflammatory risk profile though zinc-specific effect is not isolated.

PubMed ID: 29137465

Randomized trial of magnesium–zinc–calcium–vitamin D improved insulin, HOMA‑IR and triglycerides in PCOS — supports metabolic benefit where zinc was included (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 29316405

In women with gestational diabetes, co‑supplementation including zinc improved fasting glucose, insulin and HOMA‑IR (randomized trial) — supports metabolic benefit though zinc's isolated role is uncertain.

PubMed ID: 30922259

Co‑supplement increased serum zinc and improved glucose and oxidative stress markers — supports metabolic health as part of a multi‑nutrient regimen.

PubMed ID: 33745624

Observational study found dietary zinc ≥RDA associated with lower odds of coronary artery disease — supports cardiometabolic associations, observational.

PubMed ID: 25988769

Oral zinc in zinc‑deficient hemodialysis patients raised serum zinc and reduced ESA responsiveness (improves erythropoiesis/metabolic handling).

PubMed ID: 31794152

Comparative trial showed different zinc formulations produced differing serum zinc (and copper) changes—direct metabolic relevance.

PubMed ID: 40663018

Pharmacokinetic study of polaprezinc shows absorption differences with fed/fasted state—relevant to zinc metabolism and dosing.

PubMed ID: 39125340

3‑month RCT of a supplement (zinc 15 mg + chromium + botanicals) reduced fasting glucose and modestly HbA1c, indicating improved carbohydrate metabolism (multi‑ingredient).

PubMed ID: 20514088

High zinc dosing in cows markedly altered copper stores and mineral metabolism — strong mechanistic evidence of zinc's effect on mineral/metabolic balance (animal data).

PubMed ID: 22827782

Cirrhosis RCT (50 mg/day zinc): improved Child‑Pugh score and lowered plasma copper/creatinine — direct improvement in liver metabolic function.

PubMed ID: 29544801

In hypertensive patients zinc supplementation restored zinc status and was associated with lower blood glucose and improved antioxidant enzymes—strong metabolic relevance.

PubMed ID: 33893671

Randomized trial in overweight prediabetics: zinc 30 mg/day for 90 days improved fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin and insulin resistance — strong metabolic evidence.

PubMed ID: 39770887

Zinc‑biofortified wheat produced modest changes in fatty acids (DHA) and reduced some pro‑inflammatory oxylipins — metabolic/lipid pathway effects.

PubMed ID: 32466773

Randomized trial of magnesium+zinc improved fasting glucose, insulin, HDL and reduced CRP—direct metabolic benefits.

PubMed ID: 15514271

Na2EDTA fortification substantially increased zinc fractional absorption in children—directly relevant to zinc metabolic availability.

PubMed ID: 17622255

Dose-dependent increases in plasma retinol and serum zinc after zinc supplementation—clear metabolic/biochemical effect.

PubMed ID: 28395131

In diabetic foot ulcer patients, zinc (50 mg/d) produced large improvements in fasting glucose and HbA1c vs placebo—direct metabolic benefit.

PubMed ID: 15531676

Zinc added to iron therapy increased hemoglobin and ferritin responses and reduced diarrheal morbidity — improved iron/zinc-linked metabolic markers.

PubMed ID: 15735111

Daily multiple micronutrients improved hemoglobin and ferritin and attenuated decline in length-for-age — metabolic/hematologic effect.

PubMed ID: 15755834

Fortification tracer study: dose-dependent increases in total absorbed zinc despite fractional absorption fall — clear info on zinc metabolism/absorption.

PubMed ID: 15735110

Daily multiple micronutrient supplementation improved anemia and zinc status in infants — direct metabolic biomarker changes (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 16920862

Large RCT: zinc supplementation raised serum zinc markedly — strong biochemical metabolic evidence.

PubMed ID: 16306925

Zinc alone increased serum zinc and improved weight gain — robust metabolic/biomarker effect in infants.

PubMed ID: 16549451

Sprinkle formulations delivered absorbable zinc dose-dependently and did not change iron absorption — clear absorption/metabolism data.

PubMed ID: 16738738

10 mg/day zinc restored serum zinc and improved hemoglobin/hematocrit — direct hematologic/metabolic improvements.

PubMed ID: 17237328

Large multicountry trial: iron and/or zinc changed anemia and zinc deficiency prevalence, though interactions complicated results.

PubMed ID: 17468087

Zinc+iron (±vit A) improved linear growth in stunted infants; zinc alone worsened hemoglobin — important metabolic interactions.

PubMed ID: 19070056

Zinc (alone or with iron) raised serum zinc; zinc+iron improved ferritin but supplements lowered retinol — mixed metabolic effects.

PubMed ID: 25493942

MNPs markedly increased zinc intake and total absorbed zinc and raised EZP — clear evidence of changes in zinc metabolic pools.

PubMed ID: 23140661

Direct zinc supplementation in hemodialysis patients increased serum zinc and antioxidant capacity and lowered MDA — clear cellular antioxidant/protection signal.

PubMed ID: 26465829

Increased total antioxidant capacity and serum zinc in gestational diabetes after zinc supplementation.

PubMed ID: 31464392

Micronutrient (incl. zinc) trial lowered MDA and raised GSH-Px and SOD—direct antioxidant/cellular protection evidence.

PubMed ID: 25246239

Antioxidant combo including zinc improved oxidative stress markers and muscle function—supports a role in cellular antioxidant protection (zinc part of mix).

PubMed ID: 29127547

Mg+Zn supplementation increased total antioxidant capacity and reduced protein carbonyls—direct markers of cellular oxidative protection.

PubMed ID: 18674741

Zinc lowered inflammatory cytokine mRNA in sickle cell patients—suggests cellular anti‑inflammatory/protective effects.

PubMed ID: 23065023

Long RCT of combined antioxidants (including zinc) showed reduced adenoma recurrence long‑term (consistent with antioxidant/cellular protection role).

PubMed ID: 11979503

Zinc (with vit C) in zinc-deficient dialysis patients reduced MDA (marker of oxidative stress).

PubMed ID: 9263186

Mineral/vitamin supplementation including zinc raised antioxidant defenses (RBC resistance to oxidative challenge, GPx activity) in elderly—supports cellular protection.

PubMed ID: 8862480

Trace-element supplement (with zinc) raised SOD/GPx activity and serum zinc—direct antioxidant/cellular protection signals.

PubMed ID: 28171220

Multinutrient increased cellular zinc, SOD activity and mitochondrial markers—strong evidence for cellular antioxidant/protective effects (zinc included).

PubMed ID: 11789278

Herbal therapy increased gastric mucosal zinc and SOD while lowering lipid peroxides—supports local cellular protection where zinc increased.

PubMed ID: 32350185

Topical zinc formulations reduced chemo‑radiation mucositis severity — direct topical cellular protective effect.

PubMed ID: 36864527

Zinc sulfate mouthwash reduced radiotherapy‑related oral mucositis and pain versus placebo, reflecting mucosal cellular protection/healing.

PubMed ID: 33866666

Zinc‑salt containing dentifrice substantially reduced plaque/gingival inflammation and bleeding — supports oral mucosal protection (multi‑ingredient product).

PubMed ID: 33064207

Herbal toothpaste containing zinc reduced salivary LDH (a mucosal cell‑damage marker) and gingival disease—evidence for local cellular protection though multiple actives present.

PubMed ID: 8256468

Antioxidant regimen including zinc led to large decreases in oxidative markers and improved outcomes in alcoholic hepatitis; supports cellular antioxidant protection (combined therapy).

PubMed ID: 17344507

Zinc lowered TNF-α generation and oxidative stress markers in elderly — direct cellular anti-inflammatory/antioxidant evidence.

PubMed ID: 18295467

Zinc picolinate increased SOD (antioxidant enzyme) and plasma zinc, supporting cellular antioxidant protection.

PubMed ID: 19402154

High‑dose zinc (75 mg/day) during chemo‑radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer improved local control and disease‑free survival (suggests cellular/tissue protection or modulation).

PubMed ID: 20427734

Elderly RCT showed reductions in lipid peroxidation (MDA/HAE) — direct antioxidant/cellular protection signal.

PubMed ID: 21562746

In SCA2 patients, zinc supplementation reduced oxidative lipid damage, indicating cellular antioxidant/protective effects.

PubMed ID: 22950600

Zinc (100 mg/day) RCT increased paraoxonase activity and HDL/Apo‑AI in dialysis patients — direct biochemical antioxidant/cellular protection effects.

PubMed ID: 23475369

In zinc‑deficient ESRD patients zinc supplements raised serum zinc and significantly lowered homocysteine, a marker linked to cellular oxidative damage.

PubMed ID: 25491347

Human RCT showed oral zinc reduced blood‑cell DNA strand breaks (comet assay) — direct evidence of cellular protection.

PubMed ID: 25240971

Zinc supplementation upregulated leukocyte ZnT1 and ZnT5 transporter mRNA — direct cellular zinc‑handling response.

PubMed ID: 29032853

AREDS reanalysis: antioxidants + zinc reduced AMD progression—supports retinal cellular protection with zinc as a component.

PubMed ID: 31129183

Zinc increased SOD expression/activity and improved antioxidant markers in T2DM patients → strong cellular antioxidant/protective evidence.

PubMed ID: 31248307

Zinc increased total antioxidant capacity and lowered hs‑CRP in at‑risk pregnant women (antioxidant/anti‑inflammatory effects).

PubMed ID: 31154571

Zinc supplementation raised BDNF and TAC in women with PMS, indicating antioxidant/neuroprotective effects.

PubMed ID: 31609926

Restoring zinc in PLHIV reduced inflammation/gut‑leak markers, consistent with reducing cellular stress/injury.

PubMed ID: 31345359

30 mg/day zinc in T2D raised serum zinc, HDL and adiponectin but did not improve glycemic control — moderate evidence for metabolic/antioxidant changes.

PubMed ID: 32932174

RCT in NAFLD: 30 mg/day zinc improved oxidative-stress markers (↑SOD1, ↓MDA) and insulin resistance — strong cellular-protection signal.

PubMed ID: 33285602

Zinc reduced inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, PCT) in septic preterms — evidence of reduced systemic inflammation/oxidative stress.

PubMed ID: 33655432

Decreased hs‑CRP and copeptin plus improved glycemia in zinc‑deficient dialysis pts — reduces cellular stress/inflammation.

PubMed ID: 34325645

Zinc reduced oxidative stress markers (MDA,SOD) in neonatal RDS — cellular protection evidence.

PubMed ID: 37137539

50 mg/day zinc in T2DM raised total antioxidant capacity and lowered oxidative stress markers (clear cellular antioxidant/protective signals).

PubMed ID: 16002807

Supplementation raised exchangeable zinc pool mass (EZP), a stored zinc pool relevant to cellular zinc availability/protection.

PubMed ID: 9644873

Zinc acexamate protected gastroduodenal mucosa from NSAID injury (tissue/cellular protection).

PubMed ID: 9280186

Supplementation raised plasma zinc and doubled activity of a zinc‑dependent enzyme (5'-nucleotidase), indicating intracellular functional effects.

PubMed ID: 8714860

Supplemental zinc in severe head injury lowered mortality and improved neurologic recovery (tissue/neuronal protection).

PubMed ID: 7606610

Topical zinc‑containing bacitracin cut wound infection rates (protects tissue from infection/damage).

PubMed ID: 7651474

Zinc shortened diarrheal illness in children (reduces epithelial injury/duration of mucosal disease).

PubMed ID: 8064736

Zinc acexamate strongly reduced NSAID‑related gastric/duodenal damage (mucosal/cellular protection).

PubMed ID: 19692922

Antioxidant mix including zinc lowered lipid peroxidation (MDA) in burned children (improved cellular oxidative status).

PubMed ID: 19277992

Zinc supplementation in teen athletes improved antioxidant indices (ferric‑reducing ability) — suggests cellular/oxidative protection.

PubMed ID: 25755079

Zinc‑carnosine in older adults raised plasma zinc and markedly reduced DNA damage markers (micronuclei, telomere base damage).

PubMed ID: 30922259

Multi‑nutrient RCT including zinc raised serum zinc and reduced oxidative stress markers (MDA) and increased TAC — strong evidence for cellular antioxidant/protective effects in that regimen.

PubMed ID: 28668998

Co‑supplementation (including zinc) improved oxidative stress markers (MDA/TAC) in PCOS — supports antioxidant/cellular protection (multi‑nutrient trial).

PubMed ID: 37375594

MV/MM containing zinc preserved peripheral blood mononuclear cell O2 consumption versus placebo — supports cellular bioenergetics/protection (multi‑ingredient).

PubMed ID: 23582353

AREDS antioxidant+zinc formulation produced long-term retinal protection (reduced AMD progression), consistent with antioxidant/cellular protection.

PubMed ID: 20200432

Multi-antioxidant intervention (including zinc) decreased oxidative stress markers (CySS) and TNF-α, indicating cellular/oxidative protection.

PubMed ID: 15705599

Supplement including zinc reduced micronucleus frequency (~13%), a direct marker of genome stability.

PubMed ID: 17157802

Long-term zinc intake significantly lowered plasma cystine and total cysteine, indicating altered redox-related metabolites.

PubMed ID: 9627910

Daily multivitamin/mineral (with zinc) increased serum zinc and GPx activity, consistent with enhanced cellular antioxidant capacity.

PubMed ID: 28467150

Zinc in head trauma reduced inflammation and improved organ function—consistent with cellular protective effects.

PubMed ID: 38865064

Perioperative zinc+vitamin E increased leukocyte metallothionein (a cellular metal‑binding protective protein) — direct zinc pharmacodynamic effect.

PubMed ID: 25393287

Zinc reduced complement-mediated damage in vitro and lowered complement activation markers in some AMD patients (cell-protective mechanism).

PubMed ID: 23289009

Hemodialysis RCT: zinc decreased MDA and increased SOD activity — direct antioxidant/cellular-protection markers improved.

PubMed ID: 33485703

Topical zinc in human blister model robustly upregulated metallothionein and other wound‑repair proteins — clear cellular protective/antioxidant signaling.

PubMed ID: 9049568

RCT showed a modest reduction in plasma lipid peroxides (oxidative-stress biomarker).

PubMed ID: 32466773

Trial showed increased total antioxidant capacity and reduced CRP with magnesium+zinc, consistent with cellular oxidative/inflammatory protection.

PubMed ID: 31756911

Fortified rice raised serum zinc (biomarker); improved zinc status supports zinc's cellular roles (antioxidant/repair), although clinical cellular outcomes were not measured.

PubMed ID: 40610127

Fortified salt lowered prevalence of low zinc status — direct improvement in zinc biomarker that underlies cellular-protective functions.

PubMed ID: 21890323

Preoperative supplement containing zinc improved postoperative antioxidant capacity and vitamin C, suggesting improved cellular antioxidant defenses (confounded by other ingredients).

PubMed ID: 33742262

(duplicate entry reinforcing dentifrice anti‑inflammatory benefit).

PubMed ID: 37989929

In pediatric NASH, zinc reduced hs-CRP and ALT—evidence of anti-inflammatory effect in a clinical RCT.

PubMed ID: 24462483

Short zinc treatment prevented worsening of an intestinal permeability marker in toddlers—reducing gut barrier dysfunction may lower local/systemic inflammation.

PubMed ID: 36864527

Zinc mouthwash lowered oral mucositis severity and pain (inflammatory mucosal condition) vs placebo.

PubMed ID: 32350185

Topical zinc formulations reduced mucositis severity in cancer patients, implying anti‑inflammatory/mucosal protective effects.

PubMed ID: 37891226

Perioperative zinc+vitamin E significantly reduced CRP, pentraxin‑3, IFN‑γ and other inflammatory markers and shortened hospital stay (combined regimen).

PubMed ID: 20200432

Antioxidant mix including zinc lowered TNF-α and oxidative marker in colorectal adenoma patients — evidence of inflammation control (multi-nutrient).

PubMed ID: 19329405

High‑dose multivitamin‑mineral reduced CRP (inflammatory marker) in obese women; zinc was a component and may contribute to anti‑inflammatory effects, but the trial tested a combined supplement.

PubMed ID: 28668998

Co‑supplementation including zinc reduced hs‑CRP and improved oxidative stress markers in PCOS — strong anti‑inflammatory signal in a multi‑nutrient RCT context.

PubMed ID: 29137465

Magnesium–zinc–calcium–vitamin D supplement reduced insulin and triglycerides (and inferred inflammatory improvement) — supports anti‑inflammatory/metabolic benefit (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 30922259

Co‑supplement (including zinc) reduced hs‑CRP and oxidative stress markers versus placebo in a randomized trial — strong evidence for anti‑inflammatory/oxidative benefits of the regimen.

PubMed ID: 38456617

Observational study found higher habitual dietary zinc associated with lower esophageal eosinophil counts in eosinophilic esophagitis — consistent with an anti‑inflammatory association (small sample, associative).

PubMed ID: 20698249

Improved ulcer healing with polaprezinc likely reflects reduced mucosal inflammation during healing.

PubMed ID: 30855449

Polaprezinc after MI lowered an IL‑6/CPK inflammation index vs control — direct clinical evidence of anti‑inflammatory effect.

PubMed ID: 2275309

Topical zinc oxide reduced infection/inflammation in leg ulcers (local anti‑inflammatory and antimicrobial effects reported).

PubMed ID: 23289009

Hemodialysis RCT: zinc decreased hs‑CRP, TNF‑α and IL‑1β — direct anti‑inflammatory biomarker improvements.

PubMed ID: 28467150

Enteral zinc in severe head injury lowered inflammatory markers and improved clinical outcomes—strong evidence for an anti‑inflammatory effect in that setting.

PubMed ID: 29316016

Topical zinc sulfate reduced wound inflammation and bacterial colonization in human experimental wounds — direct anti‑inflammatory/local immune evidence.

PubMed ID: 33485703

Topical zinc increased metallothionein (antioxidant) and other wound repair proteins in human wounds — supports local anti‑inflammatory/cytoprotective effects.

PubMed ID: 8713219

Zinc in sickle cell disease reduced crises and related morbidity—likely via modulation of inflammatory/infective processes.

PubMed ID: 21269040

A dentifrice including stannous fluoride + zinc lactate produced modest but significant reductions in gingival index vs NaF control over 6 weeks.

PubMed ID: 21269039

Similar multi‑ingredient dentifrice (with zinc lactate) reduced gingival inflammation vs regular fluoride — consistent topical anti‑inflammatory outcomes.

PubMed ID: 21762150

Dentifrice containing o‑cymen‑5‑ol plus zinc chloride reduced gingival inflammation and bleeding over 12 weeks — zinc present in effective formulation.

PubMed ID: 21762151

Another 12‑week trial of a zinc-containing dentifrice showed meaningful reductions in gingival inflammation and bleeding vs NaF.

PubMed ID: 26856016

Fluoride toothpaste containing zinc produced ~24% less gingivitis and ~22% less plaque over 6 months versus zinc‑free formulation.

PubMed ID: 30797256

Stannous fluoride dentifrices formulated with zinc salts reduced plaque and gingivitis better than control over 6 months (oral inflammatory control).

PubMed ID: 32466773

Supplementation (Mg+Zn) reduced CRP (systemic inflammatory marker) and improved antioxidant capacity.

PubMed ID: 34294072

Topical zinc dramatically reduced chemotherapy‑induced mucositis severity (reduced local inflammation and symptoms).

PubMed ID: 39572408

Zinc‑citrate plus hydroxyapatite toothpaste reduced S. mutans counts and self‑reported sensitivity with some effect on gingival measures (supports reduced oral inflammation/infection risk).

PubMed ID: 38217757

6‑month RCT: zinc lactate mouthwash produced large reductions in gingival index, plaque and bleeding—robust anti‑inflammatory oral effects.

PubMed ID: 39910536

Amine+zinc+fluoride toothpaste led to large, sustained reductions in gingival inflammation and plaque versus control over 6 months.

PubMed ID: 26465829

Zinc supplementation in gestational diabetes decreased hs-CRP and increased TAC—direct anti-inflammatory biomarker improvement.

PubMed ID: 28395131

Zinc improved diabetic foot ulcer healing and metabolic markers, consistent with reduced local/systemic inflammation.

PubMed ID: 31464392

Micronutrient (including zinc) intervention lowered MDA and improved antioxidant enzymes—supports reduced oxidative/inflammatory stress.

PubMed ID: 18541560

Multi‑micronutrient seasoning reduced respiratory and diarrheal illness incidence, suggesting decreased inflammatory/infectious events (zinc included).

PubMed ID: 8988907

Zinc supplementation reduced diarrhea and overall disease episodes in children—consistent with reducing inflammatory/infectious burden.

PubMed ID: 16837718

Zinc reduced diarrhea morbidity — consistent with reduced inflammatory/infectious burden in children.

PubMed ID: 16556612

Micronutrient powders with zinc halved longitudinal diarrhea prevalence — reduced inflammatory/infectious days.

PubMed ID: 29127547

Mg+Zn supplementation produced significant reductions in hs‑CRP and protein carbonyls and increased total antioxidant capacity—strong anti‑inflammatory/antioxidant signal.

PubMed ID: 18674741

Sickle cell RCT: zinc lowered inflammatory cytokine (TNF‑α/IL‑1β) mRNA and reduced infections—clear anti‑inflammatory signal.

PubMed ID: 37941097

Topical zinc-containing dermocosmetic produced acne improvements with less irritation (reduced local inflammatory signs; formulation-specific).

PubMed ID: 11979503

Zinc supplementation in deficient dialysis patients reduced MDA (less oxidative stress/inflammatory milieu).

PubMed ID: 19692922

Antioxidants including zinc lowered lipid peroxidation in burned children — consistent with reduced inflammatory oxidative stress.

PubMed ID: 2265095

Topical zinc oxide tape reduced ulcer necrosis progression and improved wound outcomes in diabetic foot ulcers, reflecting local anti‑inflammatory/wound‑modulating effects.

PubMed ID: 8064736

Zinc acexamate reduced NSAID‑related gastric/duodenal lesions (anti‑injury/anti‑inflammatory mucosal effect).

PubMed ID: 7651474

Zinc shortened diarrheal illness and stool frequency (reduces inflammatory disease duration/severity in gut).

PubMed ID: 9164774

Marked reductions in persistent diarrhea episodes suggest zinc modulates inflammatory/infectious processes in the gut.

PubMed ID: 11720074

Topical ZnO delivery reduced skin erythema and barrier damage (anti‑inflammatory/soothing topical effect).

PubMed ID: 15966887

Zinc-containing toothpaste reduced gingival bleeding and inflammation — direct anti-inflammatory outcome in the oral mucosa.

PubMed ID: 16751063

Zinc delayed and reduced radiotherapy-induced mucositis/dermatitis severity — consistent with anti-inflammatory/protective effects on mucosa/skin.

PubMed ID: 17344507

Zinc lowered TNF-α generation and oxidative stress markers in older adults — direct anti-inflammatory evidence.

PubMed ID: 18284511

Topical zinc sulfate plus steroid reduced eczema severity and recurrence — evidence of anti‑inflammatory effect in skin.

PubMed ID: 20427734

Randomized trial in elderly reduced hsCRP and IL‑6 — direct anti‑inflammatory biomarker effects.

PubMed ID: 21028969

Zinc in obese children lowered several inflammatory/oxidative stress markers — supports anti‑inflammatory role.

PubMed ID: 21562746

Zinc in SCA2 reduced oxidative lipid damage (reduces cellular inflammatory/oxidative stress).

PubMed ID: 21660402

Adjunct zinc shortened fever and respiratory distress in severe pneumonia (clinical signs of inflammation reduced).

PubMed ID: 22367374

Topical zinc pyrithione decreased psoriasis severity, an inflammatory skin condition.

PubMed ID: 24402636

30 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks reduced hs‑CRP and IL‑6 in young obese women — clear anti‑inflammatory biomarker effect in RCT.

PubMed ID: 26637494

In broiler chickens, dietary zinc lowered hypothalamic TNF‑α expression—direct anti‑inflammatory signal (animal model).

PubMed ID: 28678966

RDT: CPC + zinc lactate mouthwash produced clinically meaningful reductions in plaque index, gingival index and bleeding—clear anti‑inflammatory oral effect.

PubMed ID: 31129183

Zinc improved antioxidant enzyme activity in T2DM — supports reduced oxidative/inflammatory stress.

PubMed ID: 31248307

RCT in pregnant at‑risk women: zinc lowered hs‑CRP and increased TAC — clear anti‑inflammatory/antioxidant biomarker effect.

PubMed ID: 31609926

Zinc supplementation in PLHIV reduced inflammatory and gut‑translocation biomarkers in many participants.

PubMed ID: 31821466

Adjunct zinc shortened pneumonia fever and recovery times — consistent with reduced inflammatory burden.

PubMed ID: 32932174

NAFLD trial: zinc reduced oxidative-stress markers and improved insulin resistance — supports lowering inflammatory/oxidative stress.

PubMed ID: 33285602

Zinc supplementation in preterm sepsis reduced CRP and PCT and clinical sepsis scores — clear anti-inflammatory signal.

PubMed ID: 33655432

Zinc in dialysis diabetics significantly reduced hs‑CRP and copeptin — strong anti‑inflammatory effect.

PubMed ID: 34325645

Neonatal RDS trial: IL‑8 and oxidative markers improved with zinc — clear inflammation control.

PubMed ID: 40431411

Zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc and reduced sCD14 (monocyte activation), indicating reduced immune activation/inflammation markers.

PubMed ID: 28668998

PCOS trial with zinc-containing supplement reduced hirsutism score — demonstrates a dermatologic/androgenic benefit in context of multi‑nutrient intervention.

PubMed ID: 17128840

Topical zinc oxide (with dexpanthenol) in a diaper-cream produced modest early improvements in TEWL and lesion clearance vs base cream—direct skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 25406780

Skin care protocol including a zinc‑oxide barrier reduced incontinence‑associated dermatitis scores and moderate IAD incidence — strong topical skin benefit (though multiple products used).

PubMed ID: 25643304

High‑calorie formula containing arginine, zinc and antioxidants improved pressure‑ulcer healing vs control; multi‑nutrient but clinically relevant for skin healing.

PubMed ID: 31627309

Oral collagen drink (contains zinc) improved skin hydration, firmness and wrinkle depth — clinically meaningful skin benefits though zinc was a minor component.

PubMed ID: 32017646

Collagen‑based dermonutrient including zinc improved dermal collagen appearance and subjective skin quality — relevant to skin health but multi‑ingredient.

PubMed ID: 16670692

Multi‑ingredient oral supplement including zinc improved clinical skin appearance and ultrasound skin density in postmenopausal women.

PubMed ID: 23506257

Topical zinc‑oxide barrier cream improved newborn diaper‑rash lesion scores vs breast milk (direct topical zinc benefit).

PubMed ID: 22206074

Randomized trial: topical zinc–copper galvanic complex improved multiple facial photo‑aging signs (cosmetic topical zinc system).

PubMed ID: 17081282

IV trace elements (selenium, copper, zinc) in burn patients markedly reduced nosocomial pneumonias and shortened ICU stay — improved outcomes in severe skin injury context (multinutrient).

PubMed ID: 20232582

Topical copper–zinc malonate with actives improved décolletage photodamage—clear skin benefit for topical zinc complex.

PubMed ID: 29316016

Human double‑blind trial: topical zinc sulfate reduced wound inflammation and bacterial colonization in suction‑blister wounds — clinically relevant to skin health.

PubMed ID: 33485703

Topical zinc increased metallothionein, MMP‑1 and Ki‑67 in human wounds — biomarker evidence for improved re‑epithelialization/skin repair.

PubMed ID: 28395131

Oral zinc (50 mg) in diabetic foot ulcer patients reduced ulcer dimensions—relevant to skin wound outcomes.

PubMed ID: 11347285

Topical zinc oxide/glycine cream shortened cold sore duration and reduced lesion symptoms in a double‑blind RCT.

PubMed ID: 28369875

Double‑blind RCT including zinc (with lactoferrin and vitamin E) produced marked reductions in total, comedonal and inflammatory acne lesions — clinically meaningful skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 29901362

Topical zinc oxide cream significantly prevented irritant diaper dermatitis versus talcum—clear clinical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 16615668

Spirulina plus zinc produced marked clinical improvements in arsenical skin lesions and reduced hair arsenic (clinical skin benefit in a zinc‑containing intervention).

PubMed ID: 1718367

Parenteral zinc after surgery corrected serum Zn and was associated with improved clinical wound healing/skin recovery.

PubMed ID: 37941097

Topical dermocosmetic containing zinc performed as well as benzoyl peroxide with less irritation (direct skin benefit).

PubMed ID: 32162438

Intralesional 2% zinc sulfate produced high complete clearance (~71%) of plantar warts vs saline — strong, direct topical zinc evidence for a skin condition.

PubMed ID: 40457259

Oral zinc added to topical steroid hastened pain relief and improved lesion scores in oral lichen planus vs steroid alone — small RCT showing mucosal/skin lesion benefit.

PubMed ID: 2138180

Topical erythromycin product containing zinc outperformed clindamycin for acne, but antibiotic confounds zinc's specific contribution.

PubMed ID: 1972837

Randomized trial: zinc‑oxide medicated dressing reduced leg‑ulcer area more than hydrocolloid dressing (64% vs 48%) and relieved pain — direct wound/skin benefit of topical zinc.

PubMed ID: 2265095

Topical zinc oxide tape produced substantially better improvement in diabetic foot ulcers vs occlusive dressing (direct skin/wound benefit).

PubMed ID: 7606610

Topical bacitracin (zinc‑containing) markedly lowered wound infection rates—relevant to skin healing/integrity.

PubMed ID: 9091151

Use of a zinc-oxide paste bandage produced significantly faster healing of chronic venous leg ulcers versus comparators.

PubMed ID: 9499605

Intralesional 2% zinc sulfate produced very high cure rates for cutaneous leishmaniasis, a clear skin‑disease benefit.

PubMed ID: 10671963

Topical zinc‑oxide cream matched benzoyl peroxide for acne with less dryness — supports skin health.

PubMed ID: 10879311

Triple‑antibiotic (contains bacitracin zinc) ointment reduced scarring/pigment changes after dermabrasion, supporting topical zinc benefit to skin healing/outcomes.

PubMed ID: 11586012

Oral zinc reduced inflammatory acne lesions (clinically relevant, though less effective than minocycline).

PubMed ID: 11720074

Zinc‑oxide delivering diaper reduced erythema and skin barrier damage in infants—direct topical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 11260171

Oral zinc sulphate produced very high cure rates of cutaneous leishmaniasis—large, direct skin disease benefit.

PubMed ID: 11952542

Oral zinc produced high rates of complete clearance of recalcitrant warts — strong skin benefit for that condition.

PubMed ID: 12476017

Zinc pyrithione shampoo produced ~67% improvement in severe dandruff — topical zinc benefit for scalp/skin.

PubMed ID: 14697435

Oral zinc reduced severity and sped recovery of radiation-induced oral mucositis — supports mucosal/skin healing.

PubMed ID: 16302325

Topical clindamycin + zinc acetate gel was clinically effective for acne (though zinc's independent contribution unclear).

PubMed ID: 16382664

Topical 1% zinc pyrithione shampoo improved dandruff and hair condition versus ketoconazole — topical zinc benefit for scalp skin condition.

PubMed ID: 16751063

Oral zinc during radiotherapy significantly delayed onset and reduced severity of mucositis/dermatitis — clear clinical skin/mucosa benefit.

PubMed ID: 17101479

Shampoo with zinc pyrithione produced rapid, clinically meaningful improvement in seborrheic dermatitis signs and itch.

PubMed ID: 17442091

Topical 20% zinc oxide ointment cured warts at rates comparable to standard keratolytic therapy — topical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 17768472

Topical 10% zinc sulfate cleared most plane warts with low recurrence — strong topical dermatologic effect.

PubMed ID: 18284511

Topical 2.5% zinc sulfate added to steroid produced better, longer‑lasting improvement in chronic hand eczema.

PubMed ID: 20574929

Zinc supplementation delayed severe radiation‑induced oral mucositis in oral cancer subgroup — supports mucosal/skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 22367374

Topical zinc pyrithione cream significantly reduced psoriasis severity versus emollient.

PubMed ID: 22670617

Topical zinc pyrithione shampoo normalized inflammatory gene expression in dandruff lesional scalp — direct mechanistic/clinical skin benefit (topical zinc).

PubMed ID: 22189527

Maternal antenatal zinc reduced infant impetigo incidence — clinical evidence linking zinc exposure to reduced superficial skin infection in infants.

PubMed ID: 23614401

Large RCT: a zinc pyrithione shampoo formulation produced clinically superior reductions in dandruff and itch—strong topical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 23414554

Field trial in sows: zinc ointment (with mats) produced much smaller shoulder ulcers vs antibiotic spray—strong topical wound/skin benefit in this model.

PubMed ID: 24473704

Oral zinc improved eczema severity, pruritus and skin barrier (TEWL) in zinc‑deficient/low‑zinc children — direct clinical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 24393153

Topical aqueous zinc chloride (and insulin containing zinc) accelerated uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing vs saline in a small RCT — topical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 25132143

Oral zinc sulfate added to vulvar wart treatment reduced 6‑month relapse — clinically meaningful dermatologic/skin outcome.

PubMed ID: 26315303

In PCOS women zinc reduced hirsutism and alopecia (clinical skin/hair outcomes) and lowered oxidative stress marker.

PubMed ID: 32399578

Topical zinc oxide RCT reduced axillary corynebacteria and malodour and altered skin pH — clear topical zinc skin effects.

PubMed ID: 33960676

IAD care regimens with zinc‑containing protectants trended to better healing — topical skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 33665813

ZnO‑NP socks significantly reduced pitted keratolysis and odor impact in cadets — clear skin/protection effect.

PubMed ID: 33742262

Zinc dentifrice reduced oral inflammation/gingivitis and plaque — oral mucosal skin‑like benefit.

PubMed ID: 36717288

Topical zinc oxide barrier cream increased IAD healing within 7 days vs alternative — strong skin benefit.

PubMed ID: 37930111

Topical nitric‑zinc solution cured plantar warts in many patients (direct skin/dermatologic outcome).

PubMed ID: 37140426

Supramolecular zinc hair conditioner improved scalp psoriasis vs placebo and was non‑inferior to standard therapy (robust dermatologic effect).

PubMed ID: 37475211

ZnO nanoparticle socks improved pitted keratolysis clinically (topical zinc benefit for skin condition).

PubMed ID: 36567351

Intralesional zinc sulfate cured many cutaneous warts (direct dermatologic therapeutic effect).

PubMed ID: 39571604

Zinc oxide dressings in ICU patients markedly reduced sacral pressure injuries versus standard care (topical zinc topical wound/skin protection).

PubMed ID: 41204732

Adding topical breast milk to zinc oxide shortened time to heal diaper rash compared with zinc oxide alone, supporting topical zinc in skin lesion healing.

PubMed ID: 31358387

AREDS2 analysis showed zinc dose arms were examined and genotype did not modify zinc response — relevant to zinc's role in AMD management despite no genotype interaction.

PubMed ID: 18423869

AREDS subgroup analysis implicates zinc (in the AREDS formulation) as modifying progression to advanced AMD by genotype.

PubMed ID: 18600492

Zinc‑monocysteine improved visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and macular recovery times in dry AMD.

PubMed ID: 26265643

Modeling based on AREDS: antioxidant + zinc formulation reduces 5‑yr progression to neovascular AMD—strong, directly relevant evidence (AREDS underpinning).

PubMed ID: 27471039

AREDS trial data (n≈2317): antioxidant + zinc reduced progression to neovascular AMD; genetic interactions noted—high‑quality trial evidence.

PubMed ID: 29032853

Reanalysis of AREDS confirms antioxidants + zinc reduced progression to advanced AMD by ~32%—strong, direct vision benefit.

PubMed ID: 34034256

AREDS2 supplements (which include zinc) raised systemic zinc in AMD patients — directly relevant to vision supplement context.

PubMed ID: 24974817

AREDS randomized data analysis showing AREDS (antioxidant+zinc) benefit across CFH/ARMS2 genotypes — supports general applicability for AMD prevention.

PubMed ID: 24310343

AREDS2 cohort (participants on AREDS-type supplements including zinc) showed modest retinal outcomes with added lutein/zeaxanthin; zinc is part of the background therapy.

PubMed ID: 23582353

AREDS randomized trial showed antioxidant+zinc formulation substantially reduced progression to advanced AMD and vision loss (high-quality direct evidence).

PubMed ID: 23644932

AREDS2 reported that modifying the original AREDS (which contains zinc) did not clearly change AMD progression; supports central role of the original AREDS formula including zinc.

PubMed ID: 22840421

AREDS2 design/role paper referencing prior AREDS results where zinc-containing formula reduced AMD progression (~25% over 5 years).

PubMed ID: 11382658

Randomized trial in night‑blind pregnant women: vitamin A + zinc improved recovery of night vision in women with low baseline zinc (zinc potentiated vitamin A effect).

PubMed ID: 11594942

AREDS RCT showed zinc (with copper and antioxidants) significantly reduced progression to advanced AMD and visual acuity loss in high‑risk patients; strong, high-quality evidence.

PubMed ID: 31243641

A macular supplement including zinc improved macular electrophysiology (mfERG) in intermediate AMD—functional benefit though multi‑ingredient.

PubMed ID: 25200399

AREDS genotype subgroup analysis showed zinc effects on AMD progression vary by CFH/ARMS2 genotype (large trial secondary analysis).

PubMed ID: 39025435

Reanalysis of AREDS/AREDS2 (zinc‑containing antioxidant formulations) found slowed geographic atrophy progression toward the macula center — strong vision‑related evidence from large trials.

PubMed ID: 25393287

In AMD patients 50 mg/day zinc raised serum zinc and reduced complement activation markers; in vitro zinc blocked complement-mediated damage — direct vision-related mechanism and human data.

PubMed ID: 1609761

Randomized trial in Thai children: zinc (±vitamin A) increased plasma zinc and improved dark‑adaptometry (visual function) and conjunctival cytology — clear vision benefit.

PubMed ID: 10702174

Zinc (and/or iron) increased plasma retinol and transthyretin — improved vitamin A status is directly relevant to vision health (indirect evidence).

PubMed ID: 15808240

AREDS data show that an antioxidant + zinc formula reduced progression to advanced AMD; zinc likely contributed though the formula was combined.

PubMed ID: 41204732

Zinc oxide plus breast milk accelerated diaper‑rash lesion resolution versus zinc alone, indicating faster topical wound/lesion recovery.

PubMed ID: 40517062

Zinc‑doped polymeric nanoparticles applied to cervical dentin eliminated reported pain by 21 days versus placebo — a local tissue repair/symptom resolution effect in dental tissue.

PubMed ID: 39571604

Zinc oxide dressings strongly reduced incidence of sacral pressure injuries in ICU patients (topical zinc improved skin lesion prevention/healing).

PubMed ID: 37468598

Zinc‑containing palatal stents after graft harvesting significantly reduced pain/bleeding and sped re‑epithelialization (strong wound‑healing benefit).

PubMed ID: 36717288

Zinc oxide barrier cream gave higher 7‑day healing rates for IAD vs comparator — topical wound/healing benefit.

PubMed ID: 32723352

Double-blind RCT: mucoadhesive zinc tablet on aphthous ulcers markedly accelerated size reduction and pain relief — strong wound/healing evidence (oral mucosa).

PubMed ID: 24393153

Topical zinc chloride (and insulin containing zinc) accelerated uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing vs saline in a randomized pilot — direct wound‑healing evidence.

PubMed ID: 23414554

Field trial in sows: topical zinc ointment plus rubber mats markedly reduced ulcer size and tissue damage—strong wound‑healing evidence (topical zinc).

PubMed ID: 22724877

Oral zinc sulfate reduced severe chemotherapy‑induced oral mucositis and symptoms — direct evidence of faster mucosal healing.

PubMed ID: 18813411

Improved biochemical marker (alkaline phosphatase) and radiographic callus suggest enhanced tissue repair/healing.

PubMed ID: 15909441

Zinc paste provided peri-wound protection in venous leg ulcers with comparable clinical outcomes to a commercial barrier product.

PubMed ID: 14697435

Oral zinc reduced severity and delayed onset/accelerated recovery of radiation mucositis — clinically meaningful mucosal healing effect.

PubMed ID: 11720074

Continuous ZnO transfer from diapers reduced rash and skin barrier damage—implies faster/local recovery of irritated skin.

PubMed ID: 10879311

Topical triple‑antibiotic (with bacitracin zinc) reduced scarring and pigmentary changes after dermabrasion—improved healing outcomes.

PubMed ID: 10479878

Intravaginal zinc sulfate + usnic acid after surgery accelerated reepithelialization and reduced lesion recurrence.

PubMed ID: 9499605

Intralesional zinc sulfate produced high cure rates for cutaneous leishmaniasis, often after a single injection, indicating rapid lesion resolution.

PubMed ID: 9091151

Zinc-oxide paste bandage plus compression led to faster healing of chronic venous leg ulcers in a clinical trial.

PubMed ID: 7606610

Large randomized trial: topical bacitracin (zinc‑containing) substantially reduced wound infection rates versus petrolatum (faster/safer healing).

PubMed ID: 2265095

Topical zinc oxide tape produced markedly better major improvement in diabetic foot ulcers vs occlusive dressing (direct wound‑healing benefit).

PubMed ID: 1972837

Zinc‑oxide dressing produced substantially greater reduction in leg‑ulcer area vs hydrocolloid over 8 weeks — strong direct evidence for faster wound healing with topical zinc.

PubMed ID: 40457259

Adjunctive oral zinc with topical steroid accelerated pain relief and lesion improvement in oral lichen planus — supports faster mucosal lesion recovery (small RCT).

PubMed ID: 19692922

Burned children given antioxidants including zinc had shorter wound healing times (RCT pilot; zinc part of active mix).

PubMed ID: 1718367

Small randomized trial: IV zinc after major surgery corrected postoperative zinc and was associated with better wound healing.

PubMed ID: 32611864

RCT in children: zinc oxide–propolis obturation had higher pulpectomy success than ZOE (95% vs 70%) — clinical tissue/healing benefit in dental context.

PubMed ID: 29901362

Topical zinc oxide delayed onset and reduced incidence of diaper dermatitis—relevant to prevention/healing of irritant skin lesions.

PubMed ID: 11347285

Topical zinc oxide/glycine cream shortened cold sore lesion duration and symptoms—direct topical wound/lesion healing benefit.

PubMed ID: 28395131

Randomized trial in diabetic foot ulcers: oral zinc 50 mg/d significantly reduced ulcer length/width vs placebo—strong wound‑healing evidence.

PubMed ID: 34294072

Zinc chloride mouthwash in chemo patients produced a large, clinically significant reduction in oral mucositis incidence/severity—clear faster/less severe mucosal wound outcomes.

PubMed ID: 33485703

Topical zinc increased metallothionein, MMP‑1 and Ki‑67 in human wound model — strong mechanistic evidence for enhanced wound‑healing processes.

PubMed ID: 29316016

Topical zinc sulfate reduced wound inflammation and bacterial colonization in human suction‑blister wounds — clinically relevant to wound healing.

PubMed ID: 17081282

IV trace minerals including zinc in severely burned patients markedly reduced pneumonia and shortened ICU stay — strong clinical improvement in recovery context (multinutrient).

PubMed ID: 2275309

Randomized topical zinc oxide trial in leg‑ulcer patients: improved wound re‑epithelialization and reduced infection/inflammation (direct clinical wound‑healing benefit).

PubMed ID: 23506257

Zinc‑oxide barrier cream improved dermatitis lesion severity (topical zinc aiding skin barrier/healing).

PubMed ID: 32984946

Prophylactic polaprezinc lozenge halved clinically important oral mucositis after chemotherapy — clinically meaningful wound/mucosal protection.

PubMed ID: 28407007

Adjunct polaprezinc increased H. pylori cure rates and may promote mucosal recovery alongside eradication therapy.

PubMed ID: 20698249

Polaprezinc added to PPI markedly reduced ulcer base protrusion and substantially improved gastric ulcer healing — strong wound‑healing evidence.

PubMed ID: 20104529

Polaprezinc markedly reduced severity/incidence of oral mucositis during radiochemotherapy and decreased analgesic use — strong clinical evidence for faster mucosal recovery.

PubMed ID: 30307816

Large cohort study: irrigant containing zinc (with other antiseptics) produced the largest reduction in wound bacterial load — supports wound antimicrobial/wound‑care role (multi‑agent).

PubMed ID: 33439085

Specialized ONS including zinc accelerated healing of hard‑to‑heal wounds in a 4‑week trial (multi‑nutrient evidence).

PubMed ID: 25643304

Randomized trial: arginine/zinc/antioxidant formula significantly improved pressure‑ulcer healing vs isocaloric control — multi‑nutrient but clinically robust finding.

PubMed ID: 2112634

Nutrient‑enriched enteral formula including zinc reduced wound infections and shortened hospital stay in burn patients—clinical wound‑care benefit (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 32350185

Topical zinc and zinc‑containing improvised formulations lowered oral mucositis severity vs control—supports faster mucosal wound recovery.

PubMed ID: 36864527

Zinc sulfate mouthwash reduced severity and pain of radiotherapy‑induced oral mucositis vs placebo—clear topical healing benefit.

PubMed ID: 9004781

Zinc acexamate supported duodenal ulcer healing at rates comparable to famotidine (evidence of zinc aiding mucosal tissue healing).

PubMed ID: 32341237

Polaprezinc plus PPI healed large artificial gastric ulcers at similar rates to rebamipide+PPI—direct evidence for mucosal wound healing with a zinc compound.

PubMed ID: 21309695

In children with ADHD, zinc sometimes improved neuropsychological measures and allowed lower stimulant dose — moderate evidence for cognitive/attention effects.

PubMed ID: 37892471

12‑week pilot RCT in overweight women found modest improvements on MMSE and Stroop after zinc bisglycinate supplementation (cognitive gains).

PubMed ID: 31841818

Zinc augmentation of stimulant therapy improved attention in children with ADHD (direct cognitive/attention benefit).

PubMed ID: 26415035

Small trial in children with intractable epilepsy: about one‑third had fewer seizures on zinc — potential neuro benefit.

PubMed ID: 26615342

Preterm neonates given zinc showed improved attention/alertness and less hyperexcitability — direct neurobehavioral benefit.

PubMed ID: 21562746

SCA2 trial showed modest improvements in ataxia subscores and reduced saccadic latency with zinc (some neuromotor/processing gains).

PubMed ID: 20822500

In cirrhotic patients zinc improved hepatic encephalopathy grade and lowered ammonia — measurable cognitive/brain function benefit.

PubMed ID: 19133873

Ten weeks of daily zinc syrup reduced parent‑rated attention and hyperactivity problems in school children.

PubMed ID: 16087985

Zinc improved hand–eye coordination and developmental outcomes when paired with stimulation in undernourished children — supports cognitive/developmental effects.

PubMed ID: 14687872

Large RCT in children with ADHD: zinc improved hyperactivity/impulsivity (behavioral domain), limited effect on attention but supports behavioral/cognitive domains.

PubMed ID: 15070418

Small adjunctive RCT: zinc plus methylphenidate produced greater improvement in ADHD behavior ratings versus stimulant + placebo.

PubMed ID: 9701162

Schoolchildren given zinc with other micronutrients showed improved neuropsychologic test performance (co‑supplementation caveat).

PubMed ID: 9176834

Zinc repletion (often with other micronutrients) improved neuropsychological function in young children in an RCT.

PubMed ID: 8714860

In severe head‑injury patients zinc supplementation improved neurologic (GCS) recovery—relevant to cognitive/neurologic function.

PubMed ID: 20368377

Ten weeks of zinc (tablet or zinc-rich snacks) improved memory, reasoning (RPM), and reaction speed in adolescent girls with concurrent rises in plasma zinc.

PubMed ID: 15447897

Weekly iron and zinc supplements improved motor development and engagement behaviors in infants — supports early neurodevelopment/mental function.

PubMed ID: 11174621

Infant RCT: 5 mg/day zinc modestly improved motor behavior and lowered proportion with low MDI — direct developmental/cognitive benefit.

PubMed ID: 23644855

Children receiving glutamine+zinc+vitamin A showed improved verbal learning (particularly girls) — cognitive improvement observed though zinc was combined with other nutrients.

PubMed ID: 9988823

Prenatal zinc (15 mg) added to iron/folate improved multiple fetal neurobehavioral measures (heart‑rate variability, movements), suggesting neurodevelopment benefit.

PubMed ID: 34582657

RCT in cirrhosis patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy: oral zinc (45 mg/day) significantly improved multiple neuropsychometric test scores and raised serum zinc.

PubMed ID: 41008575

Randomized trial in MCI: subgroup achieving zinc‑induced ceruloplasmin reduction had cognitive stabilization across multiple measures — direct cognitive benefit in responders.

PubMed ID: 14676042

Drug altering zinc binding (clioquinol) increased plasma zinc and slowed cognitive decline in more impaired Alzheimer patients — small pilot but suggests metal/zinc relevance to cognition.

PubMed ID: 28845935

Combination therapy including zinc modestly increased sperm concentration in idiopathic male infertility (no motility/morphology benefit); zinc contribution uncertain but plausible.

PubMed ID: 9720838

Oral zinc sulfate improved sperm count, motility and reduced antisperm antibodies in men with impaired sperm function.

PubMed ID: 30035423

Multinutrient complex containing zinc improved sperm concentration, motility and semen biochemistry (sperm zinc +15%); zinc's independent effect uncertain but semen zinc rose.

PubMed ID: 22934526

Herbal prescription improved multiple semen parameters and raised seminal zinc vs vitamin E — seminal zinc increased with treatment though intervention was multi‑component.

PubMed ID: 28247624

Randomized clinical study in men with prostatic TB: zinc‑containing supplement plus hCG improved sperm count, motility, morphology (strong semen parameter improvements in a combined regimen).

PubMed ID: 26099195

In zinc‑deficient pregnant women, zinc supplements reduced stillbirths, preterm deliveries and early neonatal morbidity.

PubMed ID: 18287793

Zinc therapy (alone or with vitamins) improved sperm quality and reduced oxidative stress and DNA damage—strong, direct human evidence for male fertility benefit.

PubMed ID: 16533356

Folate + zinc raised sperm concentration in subfertile men—clear fertility outcome though effect attributed to combination.

PubMed ID: 14607573

Folic acid plus zinc sulfate raised sperm counts in genotype-specific subgroup (MTHFR wild-types)—supportive but context-dependent.

PubMed ID: 34311679

Zinc supplementation in postmenopausal women increased testosterone and improved sexual function—relevant to sexual health/fertility axis.

PubMed ID: 29870301

Delayed puberty/menarche in girls with lower serum zinc (sickle cell) implies zinc's association with sexual maturation/fertility timing (observational).

PubMed ID: 10543576

Zinc improved sperm quality in heavy-smoking men and reduced seminal cadmium/cytokine markers linked to toxicity.

PubMed ID: 11872201

Randomized trial: combined zinc + folic acid substantially increased total normal sperm count in subfertile men—strong reproductive benefit (combination therapy).

PubMed ID: 15792017

Pregnant women receiving a multivitamin‑mineral supplement containing zinc had maintained serum zinc and a higher natural delivery rate — relevant to reproductive outcomes though multi‑nutrient.

PubMed ID: 30942613

TEAS improved total sperm count and motility and increased seminal zinc — supports a connection between seminal zinc and male fertility markers (though zinc was not the intervention).

PubMed ID: 19589154

Widespread inadequate zinc intake in pregnant women highlights reproductive nutrition concerns and possible fertility/gestational risks.

PubMed ID: 40248985

Combination product containing zinc improved sperm motility and increased total testosterone in infertile men—supports fertility indications though zinc not isolated.

PubMed ID: 32330373

Multi‑micronutrient (including zinc) markedly improved semen parameters and pregnancy rates in subfertile men—strong clinical fertility signal though multi-component.

PubMed ID: 23484369

Polaprezinc improved objective taste thresholds and produced higher responder rates (especially in non‑depressed patients)—strong evidence for taste improvement.

PubMed ID: 25689513

Zinc‑containing toothpaste/rinse markedly reduced volatile sulfur compounds that cause bad breath — direct oral‑sensory benefit.

PubMed ID: 23210417

Double-blind trial: zinc acetate chewing gum rapidly and significantly reduced volatile sulfur compounds (bad breath) for >1 hour—direct effect on oral odor (smell).

PubMed ID: 26054178

Sugar-free zinc lactate tablets reduced oral VSC markedly for up to two hours—strong clinical evidence for reducing malodour (oral smell).

PubMed ID: 25715353

Randomized study: zinc gluconate (with/without steroids) substantially improved recovery of smell after head trauma versus no treatment—direct, high-quality evidence for olfactory benefit.

PubMed ID: 30620870

Zinc‑containing toothpaste substantially reduced oral malodor (organoleptic breath score) — strong evidence for maintaining smell (bad‑breath reduction).

PubMed ID: 15615872

Randomized zinc gluconate improved gustatory function significantly in patients with idiopathic taste disturbance—direct, clinically meaningful result.

PubMed ID: 19037756

Double‑blind multicenter RCT of polaprezinc showed dose‑dependent, clinically significant improvement in taste function in patients with taste disorders — strong direct evidence.

PubMed ID: 8335134

Study used zinc sulphate taste test and examined relationships with outcomes; taste test findings were prominent in the trial context.

PubMed ID: 27328808

Zinc‑containing mouthwash reduced volatile sulphur compounds for ~12 h—direct evidence of affecting oral odor (smell); zinc is known to influence taste/smell in deficiency.

PubMed ID: 28727160

Zinc acetate + chlorhexidine mouthwash reduced VSCs and improved organoleptic breath scores over 6 months—improves oral chemical environment related to smell.

PubMed ID: 32399578

Topical ZnO reduced axillary malodour and bacterial counts — supportive for smell-related outcomes in axilla.

PubMed ID: 21762157

0.6% ZnCl2 dentifrice gave large, statistically significant reductions in VSCs up to 12 hours — strong topical effect on oral odor (smell).

PubMed ID: 33409924

Oral zinc in COVID patients significantly shortened time to olfactory recovery — direct, strong evidence.

PubMed ID: 20368377

Zinc intervention improved salt taste recognition threshold markedly in adolescent girls, showing improved taste acuity with supplementation.

PubMed ID: 22532945

Zinc‑containing abrasive candy produced large immediate reductions in malodor compounds — improves oral odor (smell).

PubMed ID: 1741708

Oral zinc gluconate showed therapeutic superiority in idiopathic and zinc‑deficient taste-disorder subgroups in a double‑blind RCT (direct evidence for taste restoration).

PubMed ID: 8112809

45 mg/day oral zinc in pregnancy raised serum zinc and the zinc taste test tracked zinc status, supporting a role for zinc in taste perception/status monitoring.

PubMed ID: 12132610

Zinc picolinate raised serum zinc and improved objective filter-paper taste test in zinc-deficient taste-disorder patients.

PubMed ID: 17651517

30 mg/day zinc modestly improved salt taste acuity in one study center — direct evidence for taste acuity benefit (context-specific).

PubMed ID: 21386207

Zinc‑containing mouthrinse reduced oral malodour and volatile sulfur compounds (improves oral smell; indirect to taste/smell maintenance).

PubMed ID: 34311679

Zinc raised testosterone and improved sexual function — may positively influence mood/sexual well‑being.

PubMed ID: 32514756

30 mg/day zinc improved physical QoL in women with PMS; mood domain effects were smaller/uncertain — moderate but indirect signal for mood.

PubMed ID: 31154571

RCT: 12 weeks of zinc reduced psychological PMS symptoms and increased BDNF and TAC — direct symptomatic and biomarker support for mood.

PubMed ID: 28064416

Observational study: higher serum zinc associated with slightly lower depression/anxiety scores in adolescent girls.

PubMed ID: 28188965

Double‑blind RCT: luteal‑phase zinc sulfate reduced PMS prevalence and improved QoL—direct mood symptom benefit.

PubMed ID: 25933976

Small RCT in MS patients found significant improvement in depressive symptoms with zinc supplementation.

PubMed ID: 24621065

Randomized trial: 30 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks increased BDNF and reduced depressive symptoms (effect strongest in those with baseline depression).

PubMed ID: 23602205

Randomized adjunctive trial: zinc added to SSRI produced significantly greater reductions in depression scores—strong clinical mood-support evidence.

PubMed ID: 20493532

Zinc supplementation in depressed patients correlated with clinical remission (MADRS) — good clinical signal for mood benefits.

PubMed ID: 31837640

RCT in overweight/obese adults: zinc (alone or with vitamin D) produced significant improvements in depressive symptoms (BDI‑II) vs placebo — strong direct evidence for mood benefit.

PubMed ID: 20087376

Small RCT in young women: 7 mg zinc with multivitamins reduced anger and depression scores versus multivitamins alone.

PubMed ID: 15615872

Randomized trial of zinc gluconate in idiopathic taste disturbance also showed mood/depression score improvements—direct clinical signal.

PubMed ID: 10907676

Multivitamin (including zinc) produced consistent reductions in anxiety and perceived stress — strong psychological effect in the trial, though zinc was not isolated.

PubMed ID: 19278731

Double‑blind RCT: 25 mg/day zinc augmentation with imipramine sped response and reduced depressive symptoms in treatment‑resistant patients — strong mood support evidence.

PubMed ID: 35226276

60‑day randomized trial showed zinc lowered many emotional PMS symptoms (large, direct mood benefits).

PubMed ID: 36609286

Oral zinc added to methadone therapy substantially improved DASS‑21 depression/anxiety/stress scores vs control (meaningful mood benefit).

PubMed ID: 19536417

Adding zinc to protein supplements accelerated IGF‑I recovery kinetics in frail elderly—direct evidence for zinc influencing this hormonal/repair axis.

PubMed ID: 40248985

Combination supplement containing 10 mg zinc raised total testosterone in men with idiopathic infertility; zinc was one component so attribution partial.

PubMed ID: 28668998

PCOS women given combo including zinc had reduced hirsutism and improved androgenic markers/inflammation — supports hormonal modulation in this context (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 38154030

Zinc (25 mg) in children with autoimmune thyroiditis prevented the need to increase levothyroxine dose—suggests influence on thyroid hormone stability.

PubMed ID: 32007694

Zinc improved insulin secretion (C‑peptide) and reduced HOMA‑IR in diabetic children — a direct endocrine (hormone) action.

PubMed ID: 33409923

Zinc+vitamin A+magnesium increased FT4 and lowered hs‑CRP in hypothyroid patients—direct hormonal biomarker improvement observed (multi‑nutrient).

PubMed ID: 25758370

Randomized trial found zinc (± selenium) increased FT3 and produced some FT4/TSH changes in hypothyroid/overweight women (direct hormone effects).

PubMed ID: 8599314

Zinc supplementation raised IGF‑I in growth‑retarded children (clear endocrine/hormonal effect linked to growth).

PubMed ID: 24188897

Zinc raised serum zinc and lowered leptin (a hormone) in women on hemodialysis—direct hormonal effect.

PubMed ID: 26132140

Adolescent RCT: zinc significantly shortened menstrual pain duration and later reduced pain severity — indicates an effect on menstrual (hormonal/prostaglandin) symptoms.

PubMed ID: 25759961

Zinc increased IGF‑1 and IGFBP3 in children, indicating modulation of growth‑related hormonal axes.

PubMed ID: 28188965

Zinc sulfate reduced PMS symptoms when taken in luteal phase—consistent with an influence on premenstrual hormonal symptomatology.

PubMed ID: 29870301

Observed lower serum zinc in girls with sickle cell anemia associated with delayed puberty/menarche → link between zinc and sexual maturation/hormonal timing (observational).

PubMed ID: 34311679

RCT in zinc‑insufficient postmenopausal women increased serum testosterone and improved sexual function — direct hormone effect.

PubMed ID: 39400501

In zinc‑deficient dialysis patients, zinc supplementation increased body fat over 1 year and serum zinc correlated with fat mass, suggesting an effect on energy balance/appetite/metabolism.

PubMed ID: 37939725

Higher‑dose zinc in VLBW infants reduced feeding intolerance — clinically relevant appetite/feeding support.

PubMed ID: 26637494

Broiler chicken model: dietary zinc lowered hypothalamic ghrelin mRNA and TNF-α—direct mechanistic link to appetite regulation.

PubMed ID: 23484369

Polaprezinc improved taste test scores and responder rates in taste disorders—improved taste can support appetite.

PubMed ID: 23963274

Children with leukemia given zinc experienced weight gain—clinical evidence of appetite/weight support in this population.

PubMed ID: 14725411

Zinc in severely malnourished children improved weight recovery and clinical status, consistent with improved appetite/nutritional intake.

PubMed ID: 10885352

In stunted Ethiopian infants zinc reduced episodes of anorexia and infections, indicating improved appetite/feeding.

PubMed ID: 8199605

In anorexia nervosa, zinc (100 mg gluconate) doubled rate of BMI increase vs placebo — strong evidence for appetite/weight support.

PubMed ID: 2208436

Children with anorexia given zinc syrup showed clinical improvement in appetite/body weight alongside increased hair zinc (direct appetite/weight benefit signal).

PubMed ID: 16571156

TB patients given zinc + multivitamins showed increased weight gain (possible appetite/nutritional effect) though effect likely multi‑nutrient.

PubMed ID: 11360134

Cancer patients given selenium+zinc reported less asthenia and improved appetite compared with untreated patients; appetite benefit reported clinically.

PubMed ID: 20104529

Patients receiving polaprezinc ate more and required fewer analgesics during radiochemotherapy, indicating improved oral intake/appetite likely via reduced mucositis and pain.

PubMed ID: 9738713

Preterm infants on nutrient‑enriched formula (including zinc) had greater radial bone mineral content and lean mass — strong trial evidence linking the enriched formula (zinc among others) to improved bone outcomes.

PubMed ID: 24150200

One‑year randomized trial including calcium, multivitamin and zinc increased height velocity and bone accrual in girls (zinc was part of an effective regimen).

PubMed ID: 26491117

Randomized trial in 9–11‑yr‑old girls: 4 wk of 9 mg/day zinc raised plasma zinc and increased bone formation marker P1NP (direct short‑term biomarker effect).

PubMed ID: 21733304

Postmenopausal RCT: zinc supplementation affected whole‑body bone outcomes depending on baseline zinc intake (beneficial if intake low, detrimental if adequate) — direct bone evidence.

PubMed ID: 15113721

Prenatal zinc supplementation modestly increased fetal femur diaphysis length—direct evidence of an effect on fetal bone growth.

PubMed ID: 18813411

50 mg/day zinc increased serum zinc, alkaline phosphatase and improved radiographic callus formation in fracture healing trial.

PubMed ID: 23945720

Double-blind RCT in adolescents/young adults with thalassemia: 25 mg/day zinc increased whole-body BMC and aBMD over 18 months—direct strong bone benefit.

PubMed ID: 25759961

Zinc raised ALP (a bone‑turnover marker) and IGF‑1/IGFBP3 in children — biochemical evidence supporting bone/growth effects.

PubMed ID: 33871218

Pregnancy zinc increased cord osteocalcin and slightly longer birth length — supports fetal bone formation.

PubMed ID: 27301220

Dietary intervention increased zinc intake and improved spine and hip BMD in older patients — plausible contribution of improved zinc intake to bone outcomes (confounded by other dietary changes).

PubMed ID: 32722015

Randomized trial: fortified dairy drink containing zinc (among other nutrients) improved bone mass and bone turnover markers in menopausal women — strong multi‑nutrient evidence for bone benefit (zinc one component).

PubMed ID: 19536417

Zinc‑containing supplement reduced bone resorption marker (CrossLaps) in undernourished elderly—supports anti‑resorptive/ bone‑protective effect.

PubMed ID: 36367144

Zinc reduced hospital length of stay and symptom duration in COVID — translates to quicker restoration of energy.

PubMed ID: 8582783

High‑dose zinc with AZT helped maintain body weight in AIDS patients (supports sustained energy/nutrition).

PubMed ID: 8951265

Children given zinc (with vitamins) exhibited substantially more high‑movement activity (large observed effect).

PubMed ID: 8714860

Zinc in severe head injury was associated with better survival and recovery and improved protein markers (may reflect improved energy/nutritional status).

PubMed ID: 28171220

Improvements in mitochondrial markers with multinutrient (including zinc) suggest potential for sustained energy.

PubMed ID: 38097963

Low‑protein formula containing zinc improved handgrip strength and gait speed over 3 months in older CKD patients — functional improvements consistent with better energy/physical capacity associated with improved nutrient intake.

PubMed ID: 33952731

Fortified salt including zinc substantially raised serum zinc and hemoglobin and reduced anemia prevalence—likely to improve energy via better oxygen-carrying capacity.

PubMed ID: 14725411

Severely malnourished children showed faster weight recovery with zinc, which plausibly supports sustained energy/nutritional repletion.

PubMed ID: 14654605

LBW infant zinc improved growth and reduced diarrhoea; improved caloric maintenance can contribute to sustained energy.

PubMed ID: 16002807

Long-term zinc raised the exchangeable zinc pool (EZP), indicating increased zinc stores that could support sustained physiological function.

PubMed ID: 33878855

Double‑blind RCT: topical zinc+arginine lotion reduced hair shedding and increased anagen percentage over 23 weeks — supports hair benefit though multi‑ingredient and small sample.

PubMed ID: 32356207

Preventive zinc increased nail zinc significantly in young children — direct biomarker support for nail zinc incorporation.

PubMed ID: 22409993

Post‑sleeve gastrectomy cohort observed hair loss associated with low serum zinc and required oral zinc replacement — clinical association between zinc deficiency and hair loss.

PubMed ID: 16382664

1% zinc pyrithione shampoo improved combing ease, smoothness and overall hair performance in dandruff subjects — direct topical hair benefit.

PubMed ID: 26315303

PCOS RCT: zinc 50 mg/day significantly reduced alopecia and hirsutism (direct, clinically meaningful hair outcomes).

PubMed ID: 2208436

Zinc syrup raised hair zinc in children with anorexia (objective increase in hair zinc content), suggesting benefit for hair zinc status; clinical hair‑quality outcomes not detailed.

PubMed ID: 12932243

Randomized trial in 200 men: 1% zinc pyrithione shampoo produced a modest sustained rise in visible hair counts over 26 weeks (topical zinc formulation).

PubMed ID: 10213296

Supplementation/fortifier increased zinc retention and hair zinc at 6 months in preterm infants — direct evidence that zinc status in infancy affects hair zinc content, relevant to hair health.