Propolis
16 benefits mapped to clinical evidence across supplements.
Dose per serving from products
280 products in our catalogue print how much Propolis a serving holds.
Most common: 50 mg to 100 mg, 21% of 280 products.
| Dose per serving | Products |
|---|---|
| 2.5 mg or less | 6 |
| 2.5 mg to 5 mg | 11 |
| 5 mg to 10 mg | 10 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 42 |
| 25 mg to 50 mg | 43 |
| 50 mg to 100 mg | 59 |
| 100 mg to 250 mg | 35 |
| 250 mg to 500 mg | 45 |
| 500 mg to 1 g | 23 |
| over 1 g | 6 |
Dose per serving from research
39 study groups in 32 studies say how much Propolis participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 500 mg to 1 g, 36% of 39 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 100 mg or less | 2 |
| 100 mg to 250 mg | 6 |
| 250 mg to 500 mg | 13 |
| 500 mg to 1 g | 14 |
| 1 g to 2.5 g | 4 |
Benefit Evidence
Plaque/bleeding ↓, bacteria ↓
Mucositis/ulcers heal faster
Sensitivity pain ↓
Research sources
Oral health (28)
- Comparative evaluation of propolis mouthwash with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in improving the periodontitis among perimenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 38183081
Perimenopausal periodontitis trial: propolis mouthwash plus SRP produced larger reductions in PPD and BOP than chlorhexidine over 12 weeks.
- The Influence of Ethanolic Extract of Brazilian Green Propolis Gel on Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Patients after Mandible Fractures
PubMed ID: 27595110
Propolis-containing toothpaste improved oral hygiene indices and shifted oral microbiota favorably after mandible fracture surgery (randomized study).
- Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients
PubMed ID: 34365060
Toothpaste with Polish propolis and plant oils improved plaque scores and reduced gingival bleeding in orthodontic cleft patients (randomized study).
- Randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for recurrent aphthous stomatitis
PubMed ID: 28238332
Topical propolis shortened symptom resolution and healing in aphthous ulcers—direct oral-care/mucosal benefit.
- Propolis and commonly used intracanal irrigants: comparative evaluation of antimicrobial potential
PubMed ID: 23855167
Propolis irrigant reduced aerobic bacteria in pediatric pulpectomy study though inferior to chlorhexidine for anaerobes.
- The effectiveness of propolis on gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 25380344
2% propolis mouth rinse performed as well as an established antiseptic in preventing experimentally induced gingivitis — clear oral‑care efficacy.
- Comparative evaluation of propolis, fluoride and probiotic mouthwashes on streptococcus mutans and oxidative stress in fixed orthodontic patients: A triple-blind, randomized controlled trial with 9-month follow-up
PubMed ID: 40378578
Propolis mouthwash markedly reduced Streptococcus mutans and salivary oxidative stress vs fluoride/probiotic — strong oral‑care and anti‑cariogenic evidence.
- Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Mangosteen and Propolis Extracted Complex in Patients with Gingivitis: A Multi-Centered Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 34444764
Oral mangosteen+propolis reduced gum inflammation vs placebo over 8 weeks — supports periodontal/oral‑care benefits (combination product).
- Evaluation of the remineralization and antibacterial effect of natural versus synthetic materials on deep carious dentin: A randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37023336
Propolis used on deep carious dentin produced greatest radiodensity (remineralization) — promising dental care benefit.
- Evaluation of Zinc Oxide-Eugenol, Zinc Oxide-Propolis and Endoflas as an Obturating Materials in Primary Molar Pulpectomies - A Comparative Study
PubMed ID: 40439208
Zinc oxide mixed with propolis achieved high clinical/radiographic success in primary tooth root fillings — strong practical dental application.
- The effect of Breezy candy on halitosis: a double-blind, controlled, and randomized study
PubMed ID: 22532945
Candy containing propolis+zinc produced large short‑term reductions in halitosis vs normal candy — strong breath benefit though multi‑ingredient.
- Randomized DoubleBlind PlaceboControlled Trial of Propolis for Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
PubMed ID: 27510017
Propolis mouthwash reduced chemo‑induced oral mucositis and increased complete healing rates by day 7 vs placebo.
- Propolis in the prevention of oral mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: A pilot randomised controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28840622
Propolis mouth extract plus bicarbonate prevented moderate/severe chemo‑induced mucositis vs bicarbonate alone.
- Lip creams with propolis special extract GH 2002 0.5% versus aciclovir 5.0% for herpes labialis (vesicular stage) : Randomized, controlled double-blind study
PubMed ID: 30406509
Large RCT: standardized propolis lip cream healed herpes labialis faster and reduced pain vs aciclovir cream.
- Comparison of two desensitizing agents for decreasing dentin hypersensitivity following periodontal surgeries: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 30887965
Ethanolic propolis extracts reduced dentin hypersensitivity after periodontal surgery with effects lasting to 90 days.
- In vivo evaluation of zinc oxide-propolis mixture as root canal filling material in the primary molars: A 24-month follow-up randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32611864
Mixing propolis into root‑filling material for primary molars yielded higher 24‑month clinical/radiographic success vs ZOE.
- Antimicrobial Effect of Propolis Administered through Two Different Vehicles in High Caries Risk Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 33181849
Two‑week RCT in children: propolis gum/mouthwash reduced plaque and bacterial counts; gum favored by patients.
- Effect of propolis mouth rinse on oral microorganisms - a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 33786648
Duplicate entry (same study) — confirms strong oral‑care evidence (S. mutans/plaque/gingival improvements).
- A double-blind randomized clinical trial of Brazilian red propolis dentifrice efficacy in orthodontic patients
PubMed ID: 34955484
Toothpaste with Brazilian red propolis reduced Lactobacillus counts and plaque in orthodontic patients over 4 weeks.
- Effect of Propolis mouthwash on clinical periodontal parameters in patients with gingivitis: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34431213
Double‑blind RCT: propolis mouthwash significantly reduced papillary bleeding index in gingivitis without staining.
- Short-term efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E on peri-implant mucositis: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33904601
Adjunct propolis‑vitamin gel improved peri‑implant mucositis resolution and reduced periodontopathogens after 1 month.
- A comparative study on the effect of propolis and dentine bonding agent in treating dentine hypersensitivity
PubMed ID: 37246660
Topical propolis reduced dentine hypersensitivity over 30 days similar to a standard bonding agent (oral symptom relief).
- Efficacy of Propolis in the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing High-Dose Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 36867027
Aqueous propolis mouthwash decreased incidence, duration and delayed onset of oral mucositis in HSCT/chemotherapy patients.
- Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 38002260
Local propolis nanoparticles adjunct to SRP significantly improved PPD, BOP and clinical attachment vs SRP+saline.
- Comparative effectiveness of Propolis with chlorhexidine mouthwash on gingivitis - a randomized controlled clinical study
PubMed ID: 38582863
5% propolis mouthwash outperformed chlorhexidine and placebo in reducing plaque index and gingival index in crossover RCT.
- Efficacy of toothpaste containing Brazilian green propolis extracts with an optimal kaempferide/betuletol ratio for improving oral microbiota: A randomized, controlled, paired crossover study
PubMed ID: 39214193
Brazilian green propolis toothpaste reduced plaque and proportions of key periodontal pathogens vs placebo in crossover RCT.
- Effects of honey and Taiwanese green propolis on oral mucositis and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40424080
Green propolis reduced oral mucositis severity in radiotherapy patients, a clinically meaningful oral health benefit.
- Does Preoperative Gum Chewing Reduce Postoperative Sore Throat?
PubMed ID: 40019436
Propolis-containing gum reduced incidence/severity of postoperative sore throat and throat dryness, benefiting immediate oral comfort.
Inflammation (21)
- The Effect of Iranian Propolis on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance, Renal Function and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 31086222
Large RCT in T2D reported marked reductions in hs‑CRP and TNF‑α (≈50–60% reductions), strong evidence of anti‑inflammatory effect.
- Protective effects of propolis on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography: A randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33166032
NAFLD RCT produced a significant hs-CRP reduction and improved liver stiffness/fat—evidence for favorable effects on inflammation in a metabolic disease context.
- Clinical effectiveness of α-lipoic acid, myo-inositol and propolis supplementation on metabolic profiles and liver function in obese patients with NAFLD: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 36963888
Obese NAFLD trial reported ALT reduction and steatosis improvement with propolis, consistent with anti-inflammatory/metabolic effects (moderate-quality evidence).
- The Clinical Effect of a Propolis and Mangosteen Extract Complex in Subjects with Gingivitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 39275315
Propolis–mangosteen capsules produced ~40–60% reductions in key gingival inflammatory biomarkers (IL‑1β, PGE2, MMP‑8) — strong anti‑inflammatory effect.
- Brazilian Green Propolis Improves Antioxidant Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed ID: 27187435
Green propolis reduced TNF‑α in T2DM patients, though other cytokines showed mixed results — moderate anti‑inflammatory signal.
- Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Healing of Human Diabetic Foot Wounds Receiving Care in the Diagnostic and Treatment Centre from the Regional Hospital of Talca
PubMed ID: 31612147
Topical propolis reduced local TNF‑α in diabetic foot ulcers — local anti‑inflammatory effect supporting healing.
- Propolis Improves Periodontal Status and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 27468795
Propolis adjunct to periodontal therapy improved periodontal outcomes and lowered HbA1c — includes anti‑inflammatory periodontal benefits.
- Effects of propolis on inflammation markers in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 36708650
Standardized green propolis 400 mg/day significantly lowered systemic TNF‑α in hemodialysis patients — robust anti‑inflammatory outcome.
- Effects of Melatonin and Propolis Supplementation on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Primary Pneumosepsis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 35220312
Propolis+melatonin substantially lowered IL‑6 and CRP in pneumosepsis — indicates powerful inflammation reduction though confounded.
- A clinical pharmacological study of the potential beneficial effects of a propolis food product as an adjuvant in asthmatic patients
PubMed ID: 12588635
In asthma patients propolis decreased multiple inflammatory mediators (TNF‑α, IL‑6, IL‑8) and increased IL‑10 — strong evidence for restoring healthy inflammatory balance.
- Effects of bee propolis supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile and insulin resistance indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 28285617
12‑week T2D RCT lowered fasting glucose and improved HbA1c with favorable inflammatory pattern changes.
- Brazilian Green Propolis Prevents Cognitive Decline into Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People Living at High Altitude
PubMed ID: 29630549
Two‑year RCT in elderly lowered IL‑1β and IL‑6 and prevented cognitive decline—robust anti‑inflammatory signal.
- Effects of Brazilian green propolis on proteinuria and renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 31023272
CKD trial halved proteinuria and lowered urinary MCP‑1 (marker of renal inflammation) over 12 months.
- Efficacy of Brazilian green propolis (EPP-AF®) as an adjunct treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34311528
COVID trial showed clinical benefits (shorter stay, less AKI) potentially linked to inflammation modulation though open‑label.
- Effect of Propolis mouthwash on clinical periodontal parameters in patients with gingivitis: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34431213
Propolis mouthwash significantly reduced papillary bleeding index in gingivitis—marker of reduced local inflammation.
- Short-term efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E on peri-implant mucositis: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33904601
Peri‑implant mucositis resolution and BOP decline indicate reduced local inflammatory burden with propolis adjunct.
- Cumulative effects of exercise training and consumption of propolis on managing diabetic dyslipidemia in adult women: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial with pre-post-intervention assessments
PubMed ID: 37542207
Propolis plus exercise decreased IL‑6 and improved inflammatory adipokines in diabetic dyslipidemia patients (supports inflammation modulation).
- Standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) in COVID-19 outcomes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37891178
Reduced secondary infections in COVID RCT may reflect improved inflammatory/host‑response balance though primary endpoint was length of stay (NS).
- The effect of propolis supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in women with rheumatoid arthritis: A double-blind, placebo, controlled randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37644763
12‑week RCT in RA women showed significant reductions in hs‑CRP and improved atherogenic indices (anti‑inflammatory signal).
- The influence of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. against COVID-19: A phase II, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
PubMed ID: 37992760
Combined propolis regimen reduced CRP in hospitalized COVID patients (rapid anti‑inflammatory effect observed).
- Apitherapy with Royal Jelly and Green Propolis EPP-AF(®) Improves Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
PubMed ID: 40864045
Two-month royal jelly + green propolis lowered IL-6 (≈−19%), a direct marker of systemic inflammation in hemodialysis patients.
Wellbeing (19)
- Propolis Improves Periodontal Status and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 27468795
Propolis improved periodontal outcomes and lowered HbA1c in patients with T2DM and periodontitis — supports broader health improvement.
- Propolis supplementation improves glycemic and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 30935545
Improvements in glycemic control and antioxidant status in T2DM could translate to broad wellness benefits.
- Effectiveness of an herbal preparation containing echinacea, propolis, and vitamin C in preventing respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study
PubMed ID: 14993078
Large pediatric study found fewer respiratory infections and fever days across a 12‑week period (seasonal illness context) with a product containing propolis.
- Detoxification effects of aloe polysaccharide and propolis on the urinary excretion of metabolites in smokers
PubMed ID: 31112706
Supplementation in heavy smokers produced measurable improvements in multiple lab markers and toxin excretion indicating broader wellness effects.
- The effect of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. methanolic extract on clinical symptoms in patients with acute respiratory syndrome suspected to COVID-19: A clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33860587
Propolis-containing syrup produced faster symptom resolution in suspected COVID outpatients—relevant to seasonal/episodic respiratory illness relief (combination product).
- Efficacy of Brazilian green propolis (EPP-AF®) as an adjunct treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34311528
Hospitalized COVID trial reported shorter hospital stays and reduced AKI incidence with propolis adjunct — clinically relevant wellness benefit.
- Oral Propolis, Nutritional Status and Quality of Life with Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 34622721
Propolis during chemotherapy increased energy intake and improved several QoL domains vs placebo.
- A standardized polyphenol mixture extracted from poplar-type propolis for remission of symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection (URTI): A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33091857
Standardized propolis oral spray greatly accelerated recovery from common URTI—relevant to seasonal respiratory wellbeing.
- The Effect of Iranian Propolis on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance, Renal Function and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 31086222
Large T2D RCT showed substantial metabolic and inflammatory improvements likely to translate into overall health benefit.
- The influence of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. against COVID-19: A phase II, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
PubMed ID: 37992760
Combined propolis regimen shortened hospitalization and improved symptoms in COVID patients (seasonal respiratory disease context), though combined product limits attribution.
- Effect of propolis on mood, quality of life, and metabolic profiles in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 36932147
Metabolic‑syndrome trial reported improved SF‑36 total quality‑of‑life score and reduced waist circumference.
- Brazilian Propolis Intake Decreases Body Fat Mass and Oxidative Stress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Females: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 36678234
Elderly women had small reductions in fat mass and increases in adiponectin, which may support general wellness.
- The effects of propolis on pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, glycemic control, and quality of life in chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37337027
CKD patients had improvements in several KDQOL domains after 3 months of propolis.
- Standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) in COVID-19 outcomes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37891178
Hospitalized COVID patients had fewer secondary infections, a clinically meaningful contributor to overall recovery/wellbeing.
- Propolis add-on therapy alleviates depressive symptoms; A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 35072307
Propolis as an adjunct to antidepressants produced clinically meaningful reductions in depression scales (improved wellbeing).
- Brazilian Green Propolis Prevents Cognitive Decline into Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People Living at High Altitude
PubMed ID: 29630549
2‑year RCT showed protection against cognitive decline and reduced inflammatory cytokines—meaningful wellness signal.
- Effectiveness of a propolis and zinc solution in preventing acute otitis media in children with a history of recurrent acute otitis media
PubMed ID: 20646352
Reduction in AOM episodes in children suggests a seasonal/episodic protective benefit (upper‑respiratory tract infections).
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy of propolis and N-acetylcysteine in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
PubMed ID: 35856373
Dose‑dependent reduction in COPD exacerbations with NAC+propolis hints at seasonal exacerbation prevention though propolis was combined with NAC.
- Effects of propolis on inflammation markers in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 36708650
Lowered systemic TNF‑α in hemodialysis patients suggests a systemic wellness/anti‑inflammatory effect.
Immune support (18)
- The Influence of Ethanolic Extract of Brazilian Green Propolis Gel on Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Patients after Mandible Fractures
PubMed ID: 27595110
Propolis-containing oral gel reduced harmful oral bacteria and improved hygiene after surgery, indicating supportive antimicrobial defensive effects in the oral cavity.
- Detoxification effects of aloe polysaccharide and propolis on the urinary excretion of metabolites in smokers
PubMed ID: 31112706
Increased urinary excretion of carcinogen and nicotine metabolites and improved lab markers indicate enhanced systemic defense/detoxification with propolis supplementation in smokers.
- Effectiveness of an herbal preparation containing echinacea, propolis, and vitamin C in preventing respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study
PubMed ID: 14993078
Large pediatric RCT of echinacea+propolis+vitamin C reduced respiratory infections markedly; propolis contribution likely but inseparable from other actives.
- A clinical pharmacological study of the potential beneficial effects of a propolis food product as an adjuvant in asthmatic patients
PubMed ID: 12588635
Oral propolis reduced airway inflammation and improved clinical outcomes in asthma, consistent with modulation of immune/inflammatory responses.
- Effectiveness of a propolis and zinc solution in preventing acute otitis media in children with a history of recurrent acute otitis media
PubMed ID: 20646352
Propolis+zinc oral suspension reduced acute otitis media episodes in children, indicating a clinically meaningful preventive immune/host-defense effect.
- The effects of propolis on antibody production by laying hens
PubMed ID: 21597063
In laying hens propolis raised specific and natural antibody levels and altered white‑cell ratios (animal data supportive of immune stimulatory effect).
- Effects of bee propolis supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile and insulin resistance indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 28285617
12‑week T2D trial lowered fasting glucose and HbA1c and influenced inflammatory pattern—supportive of immune modulation.
- Brazilian Green Propolis Prevents Cognitive Decline into Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People Living at High Altitude
PubMed ID: 29630549
2‑yr RCT showed reduced IL‑1β and IL‑6 and protection vs cognitive decline—evidence of immunomodulation.
- The Effect of Iranian Propolis on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance, Renal Function and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 31086222
T2D RCT produced large reductions in hs‑CRP and TNF‑α, indicating anti‑inflammatory/immune effects.
- A standardized polyphenol mixture extracted from poplar-type propolis for remission of symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection (URTI): A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33091857
RCT of oral propolis spray shortened URTI symptoms rapidly, consistent with enhanced host response to mild infection.
- Propolis increases Foxp3 expression and lymphocyte proliferation in HIV-infected people: A randomized, double blind, parallel-group and placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 34365061
Small RCT in people with HIV showed increased Foxp3 expression and lymphocyte proliferation, consistent with immune modulation.
- Efficacy of Brazilian green propolis (EPP-AF®) as an adjunct treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34311528
Open RCT in hospitalized COVID‑19 showed shorter stays and fewer AKI events—suggests clinical immune/host benefit.
- Standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) in COVID-19 outcomes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37891178
Large RCT in hospitalized COVID patients showed significant reduction in secondary (bacterial/fungal) infections.
- Efficacy of Propolis in the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing High-Dose Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 36867027
Propolis mouthwash reduced incidence and duration of oral mucositis in HSCT patients, suggesting mucosal protective/immune modulation.
- The influence of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. against COVID-19: A phase II, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
PubMed ID: 37992760
Combined propolis+Hyoscyamus syrup reduced inflammation and sped recovery in COVID; immune effect likely though product was combined.
- Effect of propolis mouthwash on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit patients: a comparative randomized triple-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38811949
Propolis oral care markedly reduced ventilator‑associated pneumonia incidence in ICU patients (supports mucosal immune protection).
- Effect of Brazilian green propolis in chronic ulcer treatment: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 39258606
Topical propolis cleared overt infection in chronic ulcers in a randomized trial, consistent with antimicrobial/immune support locally.
- Apitherapy with Royal Jelly and Green Propolis EPP-AF(®) Improves Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
PubMed ID: 40864045
IL-6 decreased (~−19%) in hemodialysis patients after royal jelly + green propolis, indicating immune/inflammatory modulation.
Respiratory comfort (11)
- Efficacy and safety of Atusin(®) CAP in the treatment of acute uncomplicated bronchitis in the primary care setting: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (AABA)
PubMed ID: 41034950
Randomized trial of a product containing green Brazilian propolis produced faster, greater improvement in acute bronchitis symptoms (combination product).
- Effectiveness of an herbal preparation containing echinacea, propolis, and vitamin C in preventing respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study
PubMed ID: 14993078
Pediatric RCT of echinacea+propolis+vitamin C halved respiratory infection episodes, suggesting benefit for respiratory comfort though propolis-specific effect is uncertain.
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy of propolis and N-acetylcysteine in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
PubMed ID: 35856373
Dose‑dependent reduction in COPD exacerbations with NAC+propolis combination — substantial respiratory protective effect (combination product).
- A clinical pharmacological study of the potential beneficial effects of a propolis food product as an adjuvant in asthmatic patients
PubMed ID: 12588635
Oral aqueous propolis markedly reduced nocturnal asthma attacks and produced large improvements in FEV1/FVC/PEFR and inflammatory mediators — strong respiratory benefit.
- A standardized polyphenol mixture extracted from poplar-type propolis for remission of symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection (URTI): A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33091857
Double‑blind RCT of standardized oral propolis spray markedly shortened symptom duration in uncomplicated URTI.
- Does Preoperative Gum Chewing Reduce Postoperative Sore Throat?
PubMed ID: 40019436
Propolis gum lowered postoperative throat dryness and sore throat shortly after anesthesia—relevant to short-term upper-airway comfort.
- Effect of propolis mouthwash on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit patients: a comparative randomized triple-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 38811949
Twice‑daily propolis oral care markedly lowered ventilator‑associated pneumonia incidence in ICU patients (major respiratory outcome).
- The influence of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. against COVID-19: A phase II, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
PubMed ID: 37992760
Combined propolis+Hyoscyamus syrup improved arterial oxygenation and shortened hospital stay in COVID patients (respiratory benefit probable).
- Factorial analysis of N-acetylcysteine and propolis treatment effects on symptoms, life quality and exacerbations in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 35587070
NAC+propolis improved cough and symptom scores in COPD patients, with fewer exacerbations in subgroup analyses — symptomatic respiratory improvement.
- The effect of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. methanolic extract on clinical symptoms in patients with acute respiratory syndrome suspected to COVID-19: A clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33860587
Outpatient COVID syrup (contains propolis) produced faster relief of cough and dyspnea among other symptoms (combination product).
- Standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) in COVID-19 outcomes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37891178
Brazilian green propolis reduced secondary infections in hospitalized COVID patients; indirect respiratory benefit via reduced superinfection.
Metabolism (14)
- Anti-hyperglycemic effects of propolis or metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus
PubMed ID: 35965421
12‑week RCT in newly diagnosed T2DM reduced fasting glucose and HbA1c vs placebo (direct metabolic benefit).
- The Effect of Iranian Propolis on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance, Renal Function and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 31086222
Well‑conducted RCT: HbA1c −0.98%, insulin −45%, HOMA‑IR −46.6% and HDL ↑9.5% over 90 days—strong metabolic benefit.
- Effects of bee propolis supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile and insulin resistance indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
PubMed ID: 28285617
12‑week RCT in T2D: fasting glucose and HbA1c improved significantly vs placebo—robust metabolic support evidence.
- Propolis Improves Periodontal Status and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 27468795
Daily 400 mg propolis for 6 months lowered HbA1c and fasting glucose in T2DM patients — clinically meaningful metabolic improvement.
- Propolis supplementation improves glycemic and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 30935545
Randomized trial showed significant improvements in fasting glucose and HbA1c with oral propolis over 8 weeks — direct metabolic benefit.
- Clinical effectiveness of α-lipoic acid, myo-inositol and propolis supplementation on metabolic profiles and liver function in obese patients with NAFLD: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 36963888
Obese NAFLD patients experienced ALT drops and steatosis improvement with propolis over 8 weeks (moderate evidence).
- Protective effects of propolis on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography: A randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33166032
Randomized NAFLD trial showed improvements in hepatic steatosis, liver stiffness and hs-CRP—strongest human evidence for metabolic/liver benefit.
- Apitherapy with Royal Jelly and Green Propolis EPP-AF(®) Improves Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
PubMed ID: 40864045
Combined royal jelly + green propolis lowered total cholesterol in hemodialysis patients, suggesting an effect on lipid metabolism.
- Brazilian green propolis effect on biochemical parameters and dietary intake in people living with diabetes
PubMed ID: 40381658
Phase-2 data showed reductions in HbA1c and increases in HDL in a subset of diabetic participants, indicating potential metabolic benefits.
- The effects of propolis supplementation on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, testosterone hormone, and metabolic profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37658679
PCOS trial (12 weeks) showed decreased fasting insulin, HOMA‑IR and testosterone with propolis (strong metabolic/endocrine effects).
- Effect of propolis on mood, quality of life, and metabolic profiles in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 36932147
12‑week Iranian propolis modestly reduced waist circumference and improved QoL in metabolic syndrome participants (metabolic benefit).
- Brazilian Propolis Intake Decreases Body Fat Mass and Oxidative Stress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Females: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 36678234
12‑week trial in elderly women lowered absolute fat mass and raised adiponectin (supportive of metabolic health).
- Cumulative effects of exercise training and consumption of propolis on managing diabetic dyslipidemia in adult women: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial with pre-post-intervention assessments
PubMed ID: 37542207
In diabetic dyslipidemia participants, propolis plus exercise improved glucose, lipids and inflammatory markers compared with controls.
- Propolis supplementation in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: effects on glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, liver function, anthropometric indices and meta-inflammation
PubMed ID: 36263703
8‑week propolis plus calorie restriction improved insulin resistance markers and NAFLD fibrosis score in obese NAFLD patients.
Tissue repair (12)
- Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 38002260
Propolis nanoparticles improved periodontal healing metrics (PPD, BOP, attachment) as adjunctive therapy.
- Effects of honey and Taiwanese green propolis on oral mucositis and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40424080
Reduced radiation-induced mucositis severity indicates promotion of mucosal recovery/healing.
- Randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for recurrent aphthous stomatitis
PubMed ID: 28238332
Topical propolis significantly shortened symptom and healing times in minor aphthous ulcers (randomized clinical trial).
- Propolis as an alternative treatment for cutaneous warts
PubMed ID: 20064186
Oral propolis therapy cured many plane and common warts in a randomized trial—evidence of lesion resolution/healing activity.
- Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Healing of Human Diabetic Foot Wounds Receiving Care in the Diagnostic and Treatment Centre from the Regional Hospital of Talca
PubMed ID: 31612147
Topical propolis accelerated diabetic foot ulcer healing and reduced local inflammation — clear natural healing activity.
- A comparative multi-centre study of the efficacy of propolis, acyclovir and placebo in the treatment of genital herpes (HSV)
PubMed ID: 10782483
Topical propolis ointment healed genital herpes lesions faster than acyclovir and placebo — strong evidence of enhanced lesion healing.
- Honey and a mixture of honey, beeswax, and olive oil-propolis extract in treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a randomized controlled pilot study
PubMed ID: 22475306
HOPE (contains propolis) improved mucositis healing vs control in children undergoing chemotherapy, though honey appeared dominant.
- In vivo evaluation of zinc oxide-propolis mixture as root canal filling material in the primary molars: A 24-month follow-up randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 32611864
Propolis‑mixed root‑filling produced higher pulpectomy success at 24 months vs ZOE—supports healing/repair.
- Efficacy of Brazilian green propolis (EPP-AF®) as an adjunct treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34311528
Clinical improvements in hospitalized COVID‑19 (shorter stay, less AKI) suggest facilitation of recovery processes.
- Effect of propolis on wound healing in sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34602433
Topical propolis after pilonidal surgery sped wound healing and shortened time to recovery in RCT.
- A comparative study on the effect of propolis and dentine bonding agent in treating dentine hypersensitivity
PubMed ID: 37246660
Propolis and dentine bonding agent both reduced tooth sensitivity over 30 days, indicating healing/relief of dentine exposure symptoms.
- Effect of Brazilian green propolis in chronic ulcer treatment: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 39258606
Chronic ulcer RCT showed improved wound‑bed tissue (necrotic→granulation), infection clearance and pain reduction with propolis ointment.
Pain relief (10)
- Randomized DoubleBlind PlaceboControlled Trial of Propolis for Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
PubMed ID: 27510017
Propolis mouthwash reduced pain and hastened healing of chemotherapy‑induced oral mucositis.
- A comparative multi-centre study of the efficacy of propolis, acyclovir and placebo in the treatment of genital herpes (HSV)
PubMed ID: 10782483
Propolis ointment reduced local symptoms early in genital herpes and accelerated healing — clear symptomatic relief of local irritation.
- Randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for recurrent aphthous stomatitis
PubMed ID: 28238332
Propolis topical treatment significantly shortened pain resolution for aphthous ulcers, indicating relief from minor mucosal irritation.
- Does Preoperative Gum Chewing Reduce Postoperative Sore Throat?
PubMed ID: 40019436
Chewing propolis gum decreased postoperative throat soreness and dryness in the first hours after anesthesia, relieving minor irritation.
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of an innovative flavonoid lotion in patients with haemorrhoid: a randomised clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37597875
Topical flavonoid lotion with propolis led to faster reduction in anal pain and bleeding and improved hemorrhoid grade vs standard ointment.
- Propolis as an adjunctive therapy for treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37905787
Adjunctive propolis shortened days of urinary frequency and improved dysuria and urgency symptoms in uncomplicated cystitis when added to antibiotics.
- A comparative study on the effect of propolis and dentine bonding agent in treating dentine hypersensitivity
PubMed ID: 37246660
Propolis reduced dentine hypersensitivity, providing relief from a minor oral irritation.
- Comparison of two desensitizing agents for decreasing dentin hypersensitivity following periodontal surgeries: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 30887965
Topical propolis extracts reduced dentin hypersensitivity after surgery with durable relief up to 90 days.
- Lip creams with propolis special extract GH 2002 0.5% versus aciclovir 5.0% for herpes labialis (vesicular stage) : Randomized, controlled double-blind study
PubMed ID: 30406509
Propolis lip cream reduced pain and local symptoms of cold‑sores faster than aciclovir cream.
- Honey and a mixture of honey, beeswax, and olive oil-propolis extract in treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a randomized controlled pilot study
PubMed ID: 22475306
Topical HOPE (contains propolis) shortened mucositis healing in children, implying reduced mucosal irritation; propolis contribution unclear.
Cough & throat (8)
- Does Preoperative Gum Chewing Reduce Postoperative Sore Throat?
PubMed ID: 40019436
Propolis chewing gum reduced incidence/severity of postoperative sore throat and throat dryness in the early post-op period (significant differences at 1–2 h).
- Propolis in the prevention of oral mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: A pilot randomised controlled trial
PubMed ID: 28840622
Propolis mouth extract prevented moderate/severe chemo‑induced oral mucositis—supports soothing of oral discomfort.
- Randomized DoubleBlind PlaceboControlled Trial of Propolis for Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
PubMed ID: 27510017
Topical propolis mouthwash reduced oral mucositis severity and pain in chemo patients—relevant to oropharyngeal comfort.
- Efficacy and safety of Atusin(®) CAP in the treatment of acute uncomplicated bronchitis in the primary care setting: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (AABA)
PubMed ID: 41034950
Multi-ingredient product including green propolis improved bronchitis/cough symptoms that commonly include throat irritation.
- The effect of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. methanolic extract on clinical symptoms in patients with acute respiratory syndrome suspected to COVID-19: A clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33860587
Propolis+Hyoscyamus syrup reduced sore throat among COVID outpatients—combination product but symptomatic benefit demonstrated.
- A standardized polyphenol mixture extracted from poplar-type propolis for remission of symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection (URTI): A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33091857
Oral propolis spray shortened URTI symptoms (including throat symptoms) in a double‑blind RCT.
- Efficacy of Propolis in the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing High-Dose Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 36867027
Propolis mouthwash reduced incidence, duration and delayed onset of chemotherapy‑induced oral mucositis (oral/mucosal pain relief).
- Lip creams with propolis special extract GH 2002 0.5% versus aciclovir 5.0% for herpes labialis (vesicular stage) : Randomized, controlled double-blind study
PubMed ID: 30406509
Propolis lip cream accelerated healing and symptom relief of herpes labialis (oral mucocutaneous comfort).
Skin repair (9)
- Effects of honey and Taiwanese green propolis on oral mucositis and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 40424080
Green propolis reduced severity of radiation-induced oral mucositis (mucosal injury), indicating support for mucosal wound severity/healing.
- Randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for recurrent aphthous stomatitis
PubMed ID: 28238332
Topical propolis significantly shortened pain resolution and lesion healing time in recurrent aphthous ulcers (randomized clinical trial).
- Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Healing of Human Diabetic Foot Wounds Receiving Care in the Diagnostic and Treatment Centre from the Regional Hospital of Talca
PubMed ID: 31612147
Topical propolis significantly improved diabetic foot ulcer healing, increased local GSH, and reduced local TNF‑α — strong wound‑healing evidence.
- A comparative multi-centre study of the efficacy of propolis, acyclovir and placebo in the treatment of genital herpes (HSV)
PubMed ID: 10782483
Topical propolis ointment healed genital herpes lesions faster than acyclovir/placebo — strong evidence of enhanced lesion healing.
- Honey and a mixture of honey, beeswax, and olive oil-propolis extract in treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a randomized controlled pilot study
PubMed ID: 22475306
Honey/HOPE (contains propolis) shortened chemotherapy‑induced oral mucositis healing time, though propolis was part of mixture and honey dominated effect.
- Effect of propolis on wound healing in sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34602433
Post‑pilonidal surgery RCT showed faster wound healing and shorter recovery with topical propolis.
- Short-term efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E on peri-implant mucositis: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33904601
Propolis‑vitamin gel adjunct resolved peri‑implant mucositis and reduced pathogens after 1 month—wound/mucosal benefit.
- Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 38002260
Propolis nanoparticles as adjunct to SRP reduced pocket depth, bleeding and improved attachment (periodontal wound/healing support).
- Effect of Brazilian green propolis in chronic ulcer treatment: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 39258606
Topical propolis improved wound‑bed quality, eliminated overt infection and reduced pain in chronic ulcers (randomized trial).
Gut health (9)
- Comparative evaluation of propolis, fluoride and probiotic mouthwashes on streptococcus mutans and oxidative stress in fixed orthodontic patients: A triple-blind, randomized controlled trial with 9-month follow-up
PubMed ID: 40378578
Propolis mouthwash produced the largest and sustained reduction in Streptococcus mutans vs fluoride and probiotics — strong impact on oral microbial balance.
- Antimicrobial Effect of Propolis Administered through Two Different Vehicles in High Caries Risk Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 33181849
Two‑week study in children found reductions in plaque and microbial colony counts with propolis gum/mouthwash.
- Effect of propolis mouth rinse on oral microorganisms - a randomized controlled trial
PubMed ID: 33786648
Triple‑blind RCT: propolis mouth rinse lowered S. mutans and improved plaque/gingival indices comparable to chlorhexidine.
- A double-blind randomized clinical trial of Brazilian red propolis dentifrice efficacy in orthodontic patients
PubMed ID: 34955484
Propolis toothpaste reduced Lactobacillus counts in orthodontic patients—microbial shifts in the oral environment.
- Short-term efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E on peri-implant mucositis: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial
PubMed ID: 33904601
Peri‑implant study showed reductions in periodontopathogen counts with propolis‑vitamin gel adjunct.
- Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 38002260
Local propolis nanoparticles reduced periodontal pocket depth/BOP and likely altered local microbial environment as adjunct to SRP.
- Comparative effectiveness of Propolis with chlorhexidine mouthwash on gingivitis - a randomized controlled clinical study
PubMed ID: 38582863
5% propolis mouthwash reduced plaque and gingival inflammation more than chlorhexidine; implies beneficial oral microbial shifts.
- Efficacy of toothpaste containing Brazilian green propolis extracts with an optimal kaempferide/betuletol ratio for improving oral microbiota: A randomized, controlled, paired crossover study
PubMed ID: 39214193
Propolis toothpaste reduced proportions of key periodontal pathogens (Pg, Fn, Aa) on the tongue versus placebo.
- The Influence of Ethanolic Extract of Brazilian Green Propolis Gel on Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Patients after Mandible Fractures
PubMed ID: 27595110
Propolis-containing gel/toothpaste reduced pathogenic oral species and improved hygiene indices, indicating beneficial shifts in oral microbial balance.
Antioxidant (9)
- Propolis supplementation improves glycemic and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
PubMed ID: 30935545
Oral propolis improved total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzyme activities in type 2 diabetes — clear systemic antioxidant changes.
- Brazilian Green Propolis Improves Antioxidant Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed ID: 27187435
Brazilian green propolis increased glutathione and total polyphenols and reduced TNF‑α in diabetic patients — supportive antioxidant biomarker effects.
- Effects of a Functional Food Mixture on Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Preliminary Results Highlighting the Modulation of Uremic Toxins Derived From Microbiota and Antioxidant Markers
PubMed ID: 40296308
Turmeric+propolis drink increased FRAP antioxidant capacity in hemodialysis patients, but propolis not isolated from turmeric.
- Comparative evaluation of propolis, fluoride and probiotic mouthwashes on streptococcus mutans and oxidative stress in fixed orthodontic patients: A triple-blind, randomized controlled trial with 9-month follow-up
PubMed ID: 40378578
Standardized propolis mouthwash caused large reductions in salivary oxidative‑stress marker (8‑OHdG) vs comparators — strong antioxidant effect in saliva.
- The effects of high-intensity interval training and Iranian propolis extract on serum levels of TRPV4 and CYP2E1 proteins in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver
PubMed ID: 38545725
Exercise+propolis trial showed reductions in oxidative-stress–related proteins (CYP2E1, TRPV4), supporting antioxidant-related effects (small sample, combined interventions).
- Brazilian Propolis Intake Decreases Body Fat Mass and Oxidative Stress in Community-Dwelling Elderly Females: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
PubMed ID: 36678234
12‑week trial in elderly women showed reduced oxidative stress (d‑ROMs) and trend to increased SOD activity.
- Propolis consumption by asymptomatic HIV-individuals: Better redox state? A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PubMed ID: 37004329
500 mg/day Brazilian green propolis reduced plasma MDA (lipid peroxidation marker) in ART‑treated HIV patients.
- Propolis as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a clinical study with salivary anti-oxidant capacity assessment
PubMed ID: 30182639
Adjunct propolis gel increased salivary antioxidant measures vs control in a clinical periodontal study.
- Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Healing of Human Diabetic Foot Wounds Receiving Care in the Diagnostic and Treatment Centre from the Regional Hospital of Talca
PubMed ID: 31612147
Topical propolis in diabetic foot ulcers increased local GSH and reduced local inflammation — local antioxidant benefit.
Skin soothing (5)
- Effect of Brazilian green propolis in chronic ulcer treatment: a randomized clinical trial
PubMed ID: 39258606
Chronic ulcer study reported reduced pain and improved wound bed (local soothing/comfort).
- A comparative multi-centre study of the efficacy of propolis, acyclovir and placebo in the treatment of genital herpes (HSV)
PubMed ID: 10782483
Topical propolis reduced symptoms and sped healing of herpetic lesions — consistent with local soothing and symptomatic relief.
- Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Healing of Human Diabetic Foot Wounds Receiving Care in the Diagnostic and Treatment Centre from the Regional Hospital of Talca
PubMed ID: 31612147
Topical propolis reduced local inflammation and promoted healing in diabetic foot ulcers — likely reduces local irritation and soothes tissue.
- Effect of propolis on wound healing in sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34602433
Topical propolis after surgery sped healing and improved recovery—consistent with local soothing and reparative effects.
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of an innovative flavonoid lotion in patients with haemorrhoid: a randomised clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37597875
Flavonoid lotion with propolis provided faster symptom relief and grade improvement in hemorrhoids (soothing of irritated perianal skin/mucosa).
Skin appearance (3)
- Propolis as an alternative treatment for cutaneous warts
PubMed ID: 20064186
Oral propolis treatment produced high cure rates for plane and common warts in a randomized trial, indicating a clear effect on certain skin lesions/appearance.
- Propolis as an Adjuvant in the Healing of Human Diabetic Foot Wounds Receiving Care in the Diagnostic and Treatment Centre from the Regional Hospital of Talca
PubMed ID: 31612147
Topical propolis improved wound closure in diabetic foot ulcers which may improve local skin appearance; evidence is for healing rather than cosmetic outcomes.
- Effect of propolis on wound healing in sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial
PubMed ID: 34602433
Topical propolis accelerated wound closure after surgery, which can improve skin appearance during healing.
Vitality (2)
- The Effect of Iranian Propolis on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance, Renal Function and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 31086222
Major improvements in glycemic control and reductions in insulin/HOMA‑IR are consistent with improved energy metabolism.
- Oral Propolis, Nutritional Status and Quality of Life with Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
PubMed ID: 34622721
RCT in chemotherapy patients: propolis increased energy intake and improved emotional/global QoL domains.
Digestive support (1)
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of an innovative flavonoid lotion in patients with haemorrhoid: a randomised clinical trial
PubMed ID: 37597875
Flavonoid lotion containing propolis produced faster symptomatic/grade improvement in hemorrhoids (anal/rectal comfort).
Similar by evidence
Supplements the same benefits carry qualifying findings for — a fact about the evidence graph, not a recommendation to swap.
Products with Propolis
Search all495 products whose verified label declares Propolis — not every bottle that mentions it in a title.
Being studied right now
Recruiting clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A trial in progress has no result yet — this is what the field is asking, not what it found.