Alertness

Alertness +, RT↓

Blood pressure +, alertness +

Catecholamine boost

Sleepiness/alertness shift

+52% intubation

Earlier sleep onset + alertness

Sleep quality + sleepiness

Alertness ↑; cognition

Tyrosine depletion ↓ alertness

Alertness ↓, RT slower

Alertness ↑, RT faster

Memory/attention +p<0.05

Fatigue/alertness +MMSE

+ammonia cognition EEG

Memory/attention +

Fatigue/cognition +

Attention/working memory +

Fatigue/stress -2.7 to -4.3

Alertness: faster processing

Alertness: improved attention +31ms

Alertness↑ stress

Alertness↑ panic

Alertness/anxiety ↑

Autonomic activation ↑

Panic/startle ↑

Alertness: - first hours

Alertness: no next-day

Alertness/attention +ms

Alertness/stress −tiredness

Alertness/RT −28ms

Improved alertness, cognition

-21→107 ml/min

Attention/RT faster -8.5%

Mental fatigue lower

Attention/orientation +

EEG arousal shifts

Alertness up: +4.6

+2.7 MMSE

AChE down >50%

Cognition, sleepiness +29%

Memory/fluency preservation

Attention lapses reduced

Memory + stress ↓

Attention/speed/accuracy ↑

Attention/memory +

Relaxed alertness

CGI/SKT improved

Severity decreased

BP +3–5 mmHg

Energy/focus ↑

Speed/attention, alertness +5.9%

CBF/processing speed, DSST improved

Verbal memory +6.3%

Fatigue ↓; alertness ↑

Cognition +0.21

Attention + fast RT

Cognition maintained -2.2

Attention/speed/accuracy improved

Errors trended down