| [Intervention of xuezhikang on patients of acute coronary syndrome with different levels of blood lipids] 2004 · treated group · Patients with acute coronary syndrome, including those with normal blood lipids or hyperlipemia; age and sex not reported | 1.2 g | 12 weeks | 53 |
| Potential protective effect of long-term therapy with Xuezhikang on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with essential hypertension 2009 · Xuezhikang group · Patients with essential hypertension and normal blood LDL-C; age and sex not specified | 1.2 g | 72 weeks | 28 |
| Red yeast rice induces less muscle fatigue symptom than simvastatin in dyslipidemic patients: a single center randomized pilot trial 2017 · red yeast rice (Zuezhikang) group · Adults aged 46–47 years with dyslipidemia and moderate-to-low cardiovascular risk | 1.2 g | 4 weeks | 27 |
| Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, protects endothelial function through antiinflammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms in patients with coronary heart disease 2004 · xuezhikang · Patients with coronary heart disease | 1.2 g | 6 weeks | — |
| Tolerability of red yeast rice (2,400 mg twice daily) versus pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) in patients with previous statin intolerance 2010 · red yeast rice group · Adults with dyslipidemia and a history of statin discontinuation because of myalgia | 4.8 g | 12 weeks | 21 |
| Relationship between adiponectin and leptin, and blood lipids in hyperlipidemia patients treated with red yeast rice 2013 · red yeast rice · Adults with primary hyperlipidemia; age and sex not specified | 1.2 g | 8 weeks | 30 |
| Red yeast rice for dyslipidemia in statin-intolerant patients: a randomized trial 2009 · red yeast rice · Patients with dyslipidemia and a history of discontinuing statin therapy due to myalgias | 3.6 g | 24 weeks | 31 |
| Phytosterols, red yeast rice, and lifestyle changes instead of statins: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial 2013 · Red yeast rice without phytosterol tablets · Adults with a history of statin refusal or statin-associated myalgias | 3.6 g | 52 weeks | — |
| Low dose red yeast rice with monacolin K lowers LDL cholesterol and blood pressure in Japanese with mild dyslipidemia: A multicenter, randomized trial 2021 · low dose red yeast rice group · Patients with mild dyslipidemia and no known cardiovascular disease, with unsatisfactory LDL cholesterol controlled only by diet therapy; age and sex not stated | 200 mg | 8 weeks | — |
| Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, decreases plasma inflammatory markers and endothelin-1, improve exercise-induced ischemia and subjective feelings in patients with cardiac syndrome X 2007 · Xuezhikang group · Patients with cardiac syndrome X; age and sex not reported | 1.2 g | 90 days | 18 |
| Effect of xuezhikang, a cholestin extract, on reflecting postprandial triglyceridemia after a high-fat meal in patients with coronary heart disease 2003 · xuezhikang group · Patients with coronary heart disease; age and sex not reported | 1.2 g | 6 weeks | — |
| Xuezhikang decreases serum lipoprotein(a) and C-reactive protein concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease 2003 · xuezhikang · Patients with coronary heart disease; age and sex not reported | 1.2 g | 6 weeks | — |
| Effects of xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, on lipid profile and C-reactive protein: a short-term time course study in patients with stable angina 2005 · 1200 mg/day Xuezhikang group · Patients with stable angina; age and sex not specified | 1.2 g | 2 weeks | — |
| Efficacy of Monascus purpureus Went rice on lowering lipid ratios in hypercholesterolemic patients 2007 · red yeast rice · Patients aged 23–65 years with hypercholesterolemia | 1.2 g | 8 weeks | — |
| Effects of Xuezhikang in patients with dyslipidemia: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study 2014 · XZK 1200 mg daily · Adults with dyslipidemia and no coronary heart disease | 1.2 g | 12 weeks | — |
| Nutraceutical pill containing berberine versus ezetimibe on plasma lipid pattern in hypercholesterolemic subjects and its additive effect in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia on stable cholesterol-lowering treatment 2012 · BBR/P/RR monotherapy · Adults with primary polygenic hypercholesterolemia who were statin-intolerant or declined statin treatment | 200 mg | 180 days | 152 |
| Nutraceutical pill containing berberine versus ezetimibe on plasma lipid pattern in hypercholesterolemic subjects and its additive effect in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia on stable cholesterol-lowering treatment 2012 · Supplementary BBR/P/RR in HeFH patients on stable statin treatment or statin plus ezetimibe · Adults with genotype-confirmed heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia on stable-dose statins or statins plus ezetimibe | 200 mg | 90 days | 30 |
| Nutraceutical pill containing berberine versus ezetimibe on plasma lipid pattern in hypercholesterolemic subjects and its additive effect in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia on stable cholesterol-lowering treatment 2012 · Combined BBR/P/RR plus ezetimibe therapy · Adults with primary hypercholesterolemia selected for a low response to monotherapy | 200 mg | 90 days | 26 |
| Short-Term Effects of a Combined Nutraceutical on Lipid Level, Fatty Liver Biomarkers, Hemodynamic Parameters, and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial 2017 · Colesia™ active treatment · Adults aged 35–69 with polygenic hypercholesterolemia resistant to a Mediterranean diet | 10 mg | 8 weeks | 25 |
| Effects of a new combination of nutraceuticals with Morus alba on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and endotelial function in dyslipidemic subjects. A cross-over, randomized, double-blind trial 2015 · Combination B · Adults aged 18–70 with hypercholesterolemia not requiring statins or statin-intolerant | 220 mg | 4 weeks | 23 |
| A Combination of Lactoplantibacillus plantarum Strains CECT7527, CECT7528, and CECT7529 Plus Monacolin K Reduces Blood Cholesterol: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study 2021 · active group · Men and women aged 18–70 with total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL who were statin-naïve or had recently stopped statin treatment because of intolerance | 10 mg | 12 weeks | 21 |
| Phytosterols, red yeast rice, and lifestyle changes instead of statins: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial 2013 · Red yeast rice plus phytosterol tablets · Adults with a history of statin refusal or statin-associated myalgias | 3.6 g | 52 weeks | — |
| Low daily dose of 3 mg monacolin K from RYR reduces the concentration of LDL-C in a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention 2016 · supplement group with RYR · Adults with hypercholesterolemia who were not treated with statins | 3 mg | 12 weeks | — |
| Effect of Monacolin K and COQ10 supplementation in hypertensive and hypercholesterolemic subjects with metabolic syndrome 2018 · treatment group · Adults with metabolic syndrome who had hypertension and hypercholesterolemia; mean age 57.4 years | 10 mg | 60 days | — |
| A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study of the Effects of a Nutraceutical Combination (LEVELIP DUO(®)) on LDL Cholesterol Levels and Lipid Pattern in Subjects with Sub-Optimal Blood Cholesterol Levels (NATCOL Study) 2020 · LEVELIP DUO® · Adults aged 30–75 with moderately hypercholesterolemic, sub-optimal blood cholesterol levels, without other cardiovascular risk factors and not taking lipid-lowering drugs | 5 mg | 8 weeks | 43 |
| Low Dose Monacolin K Combined with Coenzyme Q10, Grape Seed, and Olive Leaf Extracts Lowers LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Mild Dyslipidemia: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial 2023 · Group A (10 mg monacolin) · Adults over 40 years with mild hypercholesterolemia (fasting LDL-C 140–180 mg/dL) and low cardiovascular risk | 10 mg | 8 weeks | 39 |
| Low Dose Monacolin K Combined with Coenzyme Q10, Grape Seed, and Olive Leaf Extracts Lowers LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Mild Dyslipidemia: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial 2023 · Group B (3 mg monacolin) · Adults over 40 years with mild hypercholesterolemia (fasting LDL-C 140–180 mg/dL) and low cardiovascular risk | 3 mg | 8 weeks | 33 |
| Effects of a new combination of nutraceuticals with Morus alba on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and endotelial function in dyslipidemic subjects. A cross-over, randomized, double-blind trial 2015 · Combination A · Adults aged 18–70 with hypercholesterolemia not requiring statins or statin-intolerant | 200 mg | 4 weeks | 23 |
| Effects of a Novel Nutraceutical Combination (Aquilea Colesterol(®)) on the Lipid Profile and Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Randomized Control Trial 2019 · nutraceutical combination group · Men and women aged 35–75 with primary hypercholesterolemia and low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk | 10 mg | 90 days | 20 |
| Nutraceutical approach for the management of cardiovascular risk - a combination containing the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and red yeast rice extract: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study 2019 · Nutraceutical combination · Adults aged 18–70 with low cardiovascular risk, in primary cardiovascular prevention, and LDL-C of 130–200 mg/dL | 10 mg | 12 weeks | 16 |
| Effect of a food supplement containing berberine, monacolin K, hydroxytyrosol and coenzyme Q(10) on lipid levels: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study 2017 · Body Lipid (BL) · Adults aged 18–75, both sexes, with mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia | 10 mg | 4 weeks | — |
| Effect of a food supplement containing berberine, monacolin K, hydroxytyrosol and coenzyme Q(10) on lipid levels: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study 2017 · Armolipid Plus (AM) · Adults aged 18–75, both sexes, with mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia | 200 mg | 4 weeks | — |
| A pilot study of the safety and efficacy of cholestin in treating HIV-related dyslipidemia 2002 · Cholestin group · Adults with HIV-related dyslipidemia characterized by hypercholesterolemia, hypertriacylglycerolemia, or both | 2.4 g | 8 weeks | 7 |
| Effects of xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, on lipid profile and C-reactive protein: a short-term time course study in patients with stable angina 2005 · 2400 mg/day Xuezhikang group · Patients with stable angina; age and sex not specified | 2.4 g | 2 weeks | — |
| Effects of Xuezhikang in patients with dyslipidemia: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study 2014 · XZK 2400 mg daily · Adults with dyslipidemia and no coronary heart disease | 2.4 g | 12 weeks | — |
| Cholesterol-lowering effects of a proprietary Chinese red-yeast-rice dietary supplement 1999 · red yeast rice · Adults aged 34–78 with hyperlipidemia | 2.4 g | 12 weeks | — |
| Red yeast rice improves lipid pattern, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and vascular remodeling parameters in moderately hypercholesterolemic Italian subjects 2013 · monacolins · Healthy, mildly hypercholesterolemic Italian subjects; age and sex not specified | 10 mg | 4 weeks | — |
| The Effect of Nattokinase-Monascus Supplements on Dyslipidemia: A Four-Month Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial 2023 · NMS group · Adults aged 30–70 years with dyslipidemia | 14 mg | 120 days | 55 |
| The treatment of hypercholesterolemic children: efficacy and safety of a combination of red yeast rice extract and policosanols 2011 · Dietary supplement · Children aged 8–16 with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or familial combined hyperlipidemia | 200 mg | 8 weeks | 40 |
| A red yeast rice-olive extract supplement reduces biomarkers of oxidative stress, OxLDL and Lp-PLA(2), in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial 2017 · RYR-olive extract · Adults with metabolic syndrome; age and sex range not specified | 10.8 mg | 8 weeks | 26 |
| Effects of a nutraceutical combination (berberine, red yeast rice and policosanols) on lipid levels and endothelial function randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study 2010 · nutraceutical combination (NC) · Adults with hypercholesterolemia; mean age 55 years; 26 males and 24 females were randomized across both arms | 200 mg | 10 weeks | 25 |
| Effects of poly-bioactive compounds on lipid profile and body weight in a moderately hypercholesterolemic population with low cardiovascular disease risk: a multicenter randomized trial 2014 · Intervention (Armolipid Plus/AP) · Men and women older than 18 years with mild-moderate hypercholesterolemia and elevated LDL-c, candidates for lifestyle intervention without hypolipemic drug treatment | 200 mg | 12 weeks | 51 |
| Efficacy of Food Supplement Based on Monacolins, γ-Oryzanol, and γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Mild Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Armed, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial 2024 · GROUP 1 (food supplement group) · Adults aged 18–70 years, men and women, with borderline total cholesterol and mildly impaired lipid metabolism | 65 mg | 90 days | 44 |
| Effects of a Combined Nutraceutical on Lipid Pattern, Glucose Metabolism and Inflammatory Parameters in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Double-blind, Cross-over, Randomized Clinical Trial 2017 · Active nutraceutical · Adults aged 25–75 with moderately elevated cholesterol and metabolic syndrome, in primary cardiovascular prevention | 200 mg | 6 weeks | 30 |
| Effects of a New Nutraceutical Formulation (Berberine, Red Yeast Rice and Chitosan) on Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels in Individuals with Dyslipidemia: Results from a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study 2017 · Nutraceutical compound · Men and women aged 18–75 with hypercholesterolemia and non-HDL-C ≥160 mg/dL | 3 mg | 12 weeks | 30 |
| The short-term supplementation of monacolin K improves the lipid and metabolic patterns of hypertensive and hypercholesterolemic subjects at low cardiovascular risk 2018 · NC group · Adults with grade-1 essential hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, mean age 51.5 ± 7.8 years; 62.9% male | 10 mg | 30 days | 30 |
| Effects of a New Combination of Medical Food on Endothelial Function and Lipid Profile in Dyslipidemic Subjects: A Pilot Randomized Trial 2019 · Nutraceutical A · Adults aged 18–75 with elevated serum cholesterol not requiring statins or statin-intolerant; people with cardiovascular disease and uncontrolled diabetes were excluded. | 100 mg | 6 weeks | 24 |
| Effects of a New Combination of Medical Food on Endothelial Function and Lipid Profile in Dyslipidemic Subjects: A Pilot Randomized Trial 2019 · Nutraceutical B · Adults aged 18–75 with elevated serum cholesterol not requiring statins or statin-intolerant; people with cardiovascular disease and uncontrolled diabetes were excluded. | 200 mg | 6 weeks | 23 |
| Interactions of Oxysterols with Atherosclerosis Biomarkers in Subjects with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia and Effects of a Nutraceutical Combination (Bifidobacterium longum BB536, Red Yeast Rice Extract) (Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study) 2021 · nutraceutical combination · Adults aged 18–70 with moderate hypercholesterolemia, in primary cardiovascular prevention | 10 mg | 12 weeks | 16 |
