Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Zinc and Copper: study protocols
11 study groups took Vitamin E together with Vitamin C, Zinc and Copper. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin E
6 study groups in 2 studies say how much Vitamin E participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 250 IU to 500 IU, 100% of 6 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 250 IU to 500 IU | 6 |
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin C
11 study groups in 7 studies say how much Vitamin C participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 250 mg to 500 mg, 55% of 11 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 25 mg to 50 mg | 2 |
| 50 mg to 100 mg | 3 |
| 100 mg to 250 mg | 0 |
| 250 mg to 500 mg | 6 |
Dose per serving from research: Zinc
11 study groups in 7 studies say how much Zinc participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 10 mg to 25 mg and 50 mg to 100 mg, 36% of 11 study groups each.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 5 mg or less | 1 |
| 5 mg to 10 mg | 1 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 4 |
| 25 mg to 50 mg | 1 |
| 50 mg to 100 mg | 4 |
Dose per serving from research: Copper
8 study groups in 7 studies say how much Copper participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 1 mg to 2.5 mg, 50% of 8 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 250 mcg to 500 mcg | 1 |
| 500 mcg to 1 mg | 3 |
| 1 mg to 2.5 mg | 4 |
Commonly used together
9 of 11 study groups took Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Zinc and Copper with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.
What was given together, not what works together.
| Taken with | Study groups |
|---|---|
| Iron | 5 |
| Vitamin A | 5 |
| Folic Acid | 4 |
| Selenium | 4 |
| Vitamin B12 | 4 |
| Iodine | 3 |
| Vitamin B6 | 3 |
| Vitamin D | 3 |
11 study groups
| Study | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8 2001 · Antioxidants plus zinc · Adults aged 55–80 with age-related macular degeneration Categories 2–4 and visual acuity of 20/32 or better in at least one eye | 400 IU | 500 mg | 80 mg | 2 mg | 8 years | — |
| Effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on fetal loss and infant mortality: a cluster-randomized trial in Nepal 2003 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women in rural Nepal | 10 mg | 100 mg | 30 mg | 2 mg | — | — |
| Micronutrient fortified milk improves iron status, anemia and growth among children 1-4 years: a double masked, randomized, controlled trial 2010 · Micronutrient-fortified milk (MN group) · Children aged 1–4 years in India; many had anemia, iron deficiency, or growth faltering | 7.5 mg | 40.2 mg | 7.8 mg | 270 mcg | 1 year | 316 |
| Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Compared to Iron-Folic Acid Affects Micronutrient Status but Does Not Eliminate Deficiencies in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Pregnant Women of Rural Bangladesh 2019 · MM · Pregnant women aged 12–45 years in rural Bangladesh | 15 mg | 85 mg | 12 mg | 1 mg | 165 days | 749 |
| Newborn micronutrient status biomarkers in a cluster-randomized trial of antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron folic acid supplementation in rural Bangladesh 2020 · MM · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; age range not specified; no disease condition specified | 15 mg | 85 mg | 12 mg | 1 mg | — | 176 |
| Multiple Micronutrient Powder Reduces Vitamin E Deficiency in Brazilian Children: A Pragmatic, Controlled Clinical Trial 2019 · intervention group · Children aged 6–9 months at the start of the study, male or female, attending primary health care centers in Goiânia, Brazil | 5 mg | 30 mg | 4.1 mg | 560 mcg | 90 days | 107 |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS antioxidants plus zinc · Adults aged 55–80 with early or more advanced age-related macular degeneration | 400 IU | 500 mg | 80 mg | 2 mg | 5 years | — |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS2 original AREDS formulation · Adults aged 50–85 with large drusen in both eyes or late AMD in one eye and large drusen in the fellow eye who accepted the additional AREDS formulation | 400 IU | 500 mg | 80 mg | 2 mg | 5 years | — |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS2 original AREDS formulation without β-carotene · Adults aged 50–85 with large drusen in both eyes or late AMD in one eye and large drusen in the fellow eye who accepted the additional AREDS formulation | 400 IU | 500 mg | 80 mg | — | 5 years | — |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS2 original AREDS formulation with low zinc · Adults aged 50–85 with large drusen in both eyes or late AMD in one eye and large drusen in the fellow eye who accepted the additional AREDS formulation | 400 IU | 500 mg | 25 mg | — | 5 years | — |