All Iron study protocols

Iron, Selenium, Vitamin D, Zinc and Vitamin E: study protocols

18 study groups took Iron together with Selenium, Vitamin D, Zinc and Vitamin E. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Iron: what the research found →

Dose per serving from research: Iron

18 study groups in 15 studies say how much Iron participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 25 mg to 50 mg, 61% of 18 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
5 mg to 10 mg	2
10 mg to 25 mg	2
25 mg to 50 mg	11
50 mg to 100 mg	3

Dose per serving from research: Selenium

17 study groups in 14 studies say how much Selenium participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 50 mcg to 100 mcg, 65% of 17 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
5 mcg to 10 mcg	2
10 mcg to 25 mcg	0
25 mcg to 50 mcg	1
50 mcg to 100 mcg	11
100 mcg to 250 mcg	3

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin D

10 study groups in 7 studies say how much Vitamin D participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 100 IU to 250 IU, 60% of 10 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
50 IU to 100 IU	2
100 IU to 250 IU	6
250 IU to 500 IU	2

Dose per serving from research: Zinc

18 study groups in 15 studies say how much Zinc participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 10 mg to 25 mg, 72% of 18 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
1 mg to 2.5 mg	2
2.5 mg to 5 mg	0
5 mg to 10 mg	0
10 mg to 25 mg	13
25 mg to 50 mg	3

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin E

18 study groups in 15 studies say how much Vitamin E participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 5 mg to 10 mg, 61% of 18 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
1 mg to 2.5 mg	2
2.5 mg to 5 mg	0
5 mg to 10 mg	11
10 mg to 25 mg	5

Commonly used together

18 of 18 study groups took Iron, Selenium, Vitamin D, Zinc and Vitamin E with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave. The 10 most common of 13.

What was given together, not what works together.

Taken with	Study groups
Copper	18
Iodine	18
Vitamin A	18
Vitamin C	18
Folic Acid	17
Niacin	15
Vitamin B12	15
Vitamin B6	14
Riboflavin	7
vitamin B2	6

18 study groups

Study
Impact of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on birth weight, duration of gestation, and perinatal mortality in rural western China: double blind cluster randomised controlled trial 2008 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women resident in disadvantaged rural counties in Shaanxi Province, China; eligible women enrolled before 28 weeks’ gestation	30 mg	65 mcg	5 mcg	15 mg	10 mg	—	1,899
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh 2014 · EMMS (early food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation	30 mg	65 mcg	200 IU	15 mg	10 mg	—	—
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh 2014 · UMMS (usual food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation	30 mg	65 mcg	200 IU	15 mg	10 mg	—	—
Effects of multimicronutrient supplementation on helminth reinfection: a randomized, controlled trial in Kenyan schoolchildren 2003 · multimicronutrient supplementation · Schoolchildren in Nyanza Province, Kenya; age and sex not specified	18 mg	40 mcg	5 mcg	20 mg	8 mg	335 days	—
Predictors of adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Vietnam 2017 · MM (multiple micronutrients) preconception group · Women of reproductive age in Vietnam intending to become pregnant	8.57 mg	9.29 mcg	85.7 IU	2.14 mg	1.43 mg	54 weeks	1,469
Effects of antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation on children's weight and size at 2 years of age in Nepal: follow-up of a double-blind randomised controlled trial 2008 · intervention group · Pregnant women enrolled at no earlier than 12 weeks’ gestation, with singleton pregnancies and gestation up to 20 completed weeks	30 mg	65 mcg	5 mcg	15 mg	10 mg	—	600
Effect of antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation on anthropometry and blood pressure in mid-childhood in Nepal: follow-up of a double-blind randomised controlled trial 2014 · intervention group (multiple micronutrient supplement) · Pregnant women attending antenatal care in Nepal; no specific age range or deficiency criterion stated	30 mg	65 mcg	5 mcg	15 mg	10 mg	—	600
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia 2025 · MMS-180 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy	30 mg	65 mcg	200 IU	15 mg	10 mg	180 days	516
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia 2025 · MMS-90 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy	30 mg	65 mcg	200 IU	15 mg	10 mg	180 days	515
Associations of antenatal micronutrient supplementation with adolescent blood pressure: evidence from a 14-year follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial 2025 · Multiple micronutrients (MMNs; UNIMMAP formulation) · Pregnant women less than 28 weeks of gestation; offspring were followed up at ages 10–14 years	30 mg	—	—	15 mg	10 mg	—	—
Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam 2016 · Multiple micronutrients (MM) · Women aged 18–40 planning pregnancy in rural Vietnam; no specific diagnosed condition required	8.57 mg	9.29 mcg	85.7 IU	2.14 mg	1.43 mg	56 weeks	508
Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Compared to Iron-Folic Acid Affects Micronutrient Status but Does Not Eliminate Deficiencies in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Pregnant Women of Rural Bangladesh 2019 · MM · Pregnant women aged 12–45 years in rural Bangladesh	27 mg	60 mcg	5 mcg	12 mg	15 mg	165 days	749
Newborn micronutrient status biomarkers in a cluster-randomized trial of antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron folic acid supplementation in rural Bangladesh 2020 · MM · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; age range not specified; no disease condition specified	27 mg	60 mcg	5 mcg	12 mg	15 mg	—	176
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status 2017 · MMN group · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies under 20 weeks in rural Gambia	60 mg	130 mcg	400 IU	30 mg	20 mg	184 days	75
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status 2017 · PE+MMN group · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies under 20 weeks in rural Gambia	60 mg	130 mcg	400 IU	30 mg	20 mg	184 days	75
Effects of prenatal micronutrient and early food supplementation on metabolic status of the offspring at 4.5 years of age. The MINIMat randomized trial in rural Bangladesh 2016 · MMS · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; offspring assessed at 4.5 years	30 mg	65 mcg	200 IU	15 mg	10 mg	—	439
Maternal cortisol and stress are associated with birth outcomes, but are not affected by lipid-based nutrient supplements during pregnancy: an analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial in rural Malawi 2015 · MMN · Pregnant women aged 15–49 years in rural Malawi, enrolled at up to 20 weeks of gestation	20 mg	130 mcg	10 mcg	30 mg	20 mg	—	415
Host iron status and erythropoietic response to iron supplementation determines susceptibility to the RBC stage of falciparum malaria during pregnancy 2017 · Reference (standard-of-care) arm · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years, recruited at 14–22 weeks’ gestation in rural Gambia; healthy at enrolment, with varying anaemia and iron status	60 mg	65 mcg	200 IU	15 mg	10 mg	12 weeks	—

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