All Iron study protocols

Iron, Selenium, Vitamin A, Folic Acid and Copper: study protocols

20 study groups took Iron together with Selenium, Vitamin A, Folic Acid and Copper. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Iron: what the research found →

Dose per serving from research: Iron

20 study groups in 17 studies say how much Iron participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 25 mg to 50 mg, 55% of 20 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
5 mg to 10 mg	5
10 mg to 25 mg	1
25 mg to 50 mg	11
50 mg to 100 mg	3

Dose per serving from research: Selenium

19 study groups in 16 studies say how much Selenium participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 50 mcg to 100 mcg, 58% of 19 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
5 mcg to 10 mcg	2
10 mcg to 25 mcg	3
25 mcg to 50 mcg	0
50 mcg to 100 mcg	11
100 mcg to 250 mcg	3

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin A

18 study groups in 15 studies say how much Vitamin A participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 500 mcg to 1 mg, 61% of 18 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
100 mcg to 250 mcg	2
250 mcg to 500 mcg	3
500 mcg to 1 mg	11
1 mg to 2.5 mg	2

Dose per serving from research: Folic Acid

19 study groups in 16 studies say how much Folic Acid participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 250 mcg to 500 mcg, 74% of 19 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
100 mcg to 250 mcg	3
250 mcg to 500 mcg	14
500 mcg to 1 mg	2

Dose per serving from research: Copper

20 study groups in 17 studies say how much Copper participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 1 mg to 2.5 mg, 50% of 20 study groups.

Daily dose	Study groups
250 mcg to 500 mcg	2
500 mcg to 1 mg	5
1 mg to 2.5 mg	10
2.5 mg to 5 mg	3

Commonly used together

20 of 20 study groups took Iron, Selenium, Vitamin A, Folic Acid and Copper with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave. The 10 most common of 14.

What was given together, not what works together.

Taken with	Study groups
Iodine	20
Zinc	20
Vitamin C	18
Vitamin E	18
Vitamin D	17
Niacin	16
Vitamin B6	16
Vitamin B12	15
Riboflavin	8
vitamin B2	7

20 study groups

Study
Impact of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on birth weight, duration of gestation, and perinatal mortality in rural western China: double blind cluster randomised controlled trial 2008 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women resident in disadvantaged rural counties in Shaanxi Province, China; eligible women enrolled before 28 weeks’ gestation	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	—	1,899
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh 2014 · EMMS (early food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	—	—
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh 2014 · UMMS (usual food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	—	—
Predictors of adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Vietnam 2017 · MM (multiple micronutrients) preconception group · Women of reproductive age in Vietnam intending to become pregnant	8.57 mg	9.29 mcg	114 mcg	400 mcg	286 mcg	54 weeks	1,469
Effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation for diarrhea and two preventive zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infections in rural Laotian children: A randomized controlled trial 2020 · MNP group · Children aged 6–23 months in rural Laos	6 mg	17 mcg	400 mcg	150 mcg	560 mcg	40 weeks	852
Effects of antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation on children's weight and size at 2 years of age in Nepal: follow-up of a double-blind randomised controlled trial 2008 · intervention group · Pregnant women enrolled at no earlier than 12 weeks’ gestation, with singleton pregnancies and gestation up to 20 completed weeks	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	—	600
Effect of antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation on anthropometry and blood pressure in mid-childhood in Nepal: follow-up of a double-blind randomised controlled trial 2014 · intervention group (multiple micronutrient supplement) · Pregnant women attending antenatal care in Nepal; no specific age range or deficiency criterion stated	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	—	600
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia 2025 · MMS-180 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	180 days	516
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia 2025 · MMS-90 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy	30 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	180 days	515
Associations of antenatal micronutrient supplementation with adolescent blood pressure: evidence from a 14-year follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial 2025 · Multiple micronutrients (MMNs; UNIMMAP formulation) · Pregnant women less than 28 weeks of gestation; offspring were followed up at ages 10–14 years	30 mg	—	—	—	2 mg	—	—
Iron status and inherited haemoglobin disorders modify the effects of micronutrient powders on linear growth and morbidity among young Lao children in a double-blind randomised trial 2019 · MNP group · Children aged 6–23 months in rural Lao PDR; young children, including children with anaemia and inherited haemoglobin disorders	6 mg	17 mcg	400 mcg	150 mcg	560 mcg	36 weeks	852
Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam 2016 · Multiple micronutrients (MM) · Women aged 18–40 planning pregnancy in rural Vietnam; no specific diagnosed condition required	8.57 mg	9.29 mcg	114 mcg	400 mcg	286 mcg	56 weeks	508
Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Compared to Iron-Folic Acid Affects Micronutrient Status but Does Not Eliminate Deficiencies in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Pregnant Women of Rural Bangladesh 2019 · MM · Pregnant women aged 12–45 years in rural Bangladesh	27 mg	60 mcg	770 mcg	600 mcg	1 mg	165 days	749
Newborn micronutrient status biomarkers in a cluster-randomized trial of antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron folic acid supplementation in rural Bangladesh 2020 · MM · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; age range not specified; no disease condition specified	27 mg	60 mcg	770 mcg	600 mcg	1 mg	—	176
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status 2017 · MMN group · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies under 20 weeks in rural Gambia	60 mg	130 mcg	1.6 mg	400 mcg	4 mg	184 days	75
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status 2017 · PE+MMN group · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies under 20 weeks in rural Gambia	60 mg	130 mcg	1.6 mg	400 mcg	4 mg	184 days	75
Effects of prenatal micronutrient and early food supplementation on metabolic status of the offspring at 4.5 years of age. The MINIMat randomized trial in rural Bangladesh 2016 · MMS · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; offspring assessed at 4.5 years	30 mg	65 mcg	—	400 mcg	2 mg	—	439
Maternal cortisol and stress are associated with birth outcomes, but are not affected by lipid-based nutrient supplements during pregnancy: an analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial in rural Malawi 2015 · MMN · Pregnant women aged 15–49 years in rural Malawi, enrolled at up to 20 weeks of gestation	20 mg	130 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	4 mg	—	415
Multiple micronutrient supplementation improves micronutrient status in primary school children in Hai Phong City, Vietnam: a randomised controlled trial 2021 · intervention · Children aged 6–9 years, apparently healthy, in rural Hai Phong City, Vietnam; included undernourished, normal-weight, and overweight/obese children	10 mg	17 mcg	400 mcg	150 mcg	560 mcg	22 weeks	175
Host iron status and erythropoietic response to iron supplementation determines susceptibility to the RBC stage of falciparum malaria during pregnancy 2017 · Reference (standard-of-care) arm · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years, recruited at 14–22 weeks’ gestation in rural Gambia; healthy at enrolment, with varying anaemia and iron status	60 mg	65 mcg	800 mcg	400 mcg	2 mg	12 weeks	—

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