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Probiotics and Vitamin D: study protocols

14 study groups took Probiotics together with Vitamin D. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Probiotics: what the research found →

Dose per serving from research: Probiotics

14 study groups in 13 studies say how much Probiotics participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 5 billion CFU to 10 billion CFU, 43% of 14 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
0.1 billion CFU or less
1
0.1 billion CFU to 0.25 billion CFU
2
0.25 billion CFU to 0.5 billion CFU
0
0.5 billion CFU to 1 billion CFU
1
1 billion CFU to 2.5 billion CFU
2
2.5 billion CFU to 5 billion CFU
0
5 billion CFU to 10 billion CFU
6
10 billion CFU to 25 billion CFU
0
25 billion CFU to 50 billion CFU
0
50 billion CFU to 100 billion CFU
0
100 billion CFU to 250 billion CFU
0
250 billion CFU to 500 billion CFU
2

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin D

5 study groups in 4 studies say how much Vitamin D participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 25 mcg to 50 mcg, 40% of 5 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
1 mcg or less
1
1 mcg to 2.5 mcg
0
2.5 mcg to 5 mcg
1
5 mcg to 10 mcg
0
10 mcg to 25 mcg
1
25 mcg to 50 mcg
2

Commonly used together

7 of 14 study groups took Probiotics and Vitamin D with something else, but nothing that 3 or more different studies gave.

14 study groups

Study
Effect of an Immune-Boosting, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Food Supplement in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study
2023 · intervention group · Adults aged 18 years or older hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 who required more than 48 hours of admission
1 billion CFU0.75 mcg—78
Role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (FloraActive™) 19070-2 and Lactobacillus reuteri (FloraActive™) 12246 in Infant Colic: A Randomized Dietary Study
2018 · probiotic group · Exclusively breastfed infants aged 4–12 weeks with infant colic
0.25 billion CFU5 mcg4 weeks86
Effects of probiotic and vitamin D co-supplementation on clinical symptoms, mental health, and inflammation in adult patients with migraine headache: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
2024 · probiotic and vitamin D supplementation group · Adults aged 18–55 with migraine with or without aura and more than 2 migraine attacks per month
450 billion CFU—12 weeks36
Effects of probiotic and vitamin D co-supplementation on migraine index, quality of life, and oxidative stress in adults with migraine headache: a randomized triple-blinded clinical trial
2025 · multispecies probiotic plus vitamin D · Adults aged 18 to 55 years with migraine headache diagnosed according to ICHD-3
450 billion CFU—12 weeks36
Co-administration of probiotic and vitamin D significantly improves cognitive function in schizophrenic patients: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial
2024 · Probiotic group · Adults aged 18–65 with schizophrenia
2 billion CFU400 IU12 weeks35
Clinical and metabolic response to vitamin D plus probiotic in schizophrenia patients
2019 · Vitamin D plus probiotic group · Adults aged 25–65 with chronic schizophrenia
8 billion CFU—12 weeks30
Comparison of cheese with and without Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii LMGT 2951 on off-season muscle strength and VO(2) max development in Nordic skiers: a randomized clinical trial
2025 · Jarlsberg group — female participants · Female cross-country and biathlon skiers aged 17–27
7.5 billion CFU40 mcg24 weeks15
Comparison of cheese with and without Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii LMGT 2951 on off-season muscle strength and VO(2) max development in Nordic skiers: a randomized clinical trial
2025 · Jarlsberg group — male participants · Male cross-country and biathlon skiers aged 18–30
9 billion CFU40 mcg24 weeks14
A young child formula with Limosilactobacillus reuteri and GOS modulates gut microbiome and enhances bone and muscle development: a randomized trial
2025 · experimental young child formula (EYCF) · Healthy Filipino boys and girls aged 24–36 months
0.1 billion CFU—26 weeks91
Bacillus coagulans: a viable adjunct therapy for relieving symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis according to a randomized, controlled trial
2010 · Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 group · Adults aged 36–82 with rheumatoid arthritis
2 billion CFU—60 days23
Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation and SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody response in healthy adults: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
2023 · active treatment (probiotic) · Healthy adults aged 18–60 years without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or seropositivity
0.2 billion CFU20 mcg26 weeks48
The effects of vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
2019 · vitamin D plus probiotic · women with gestational diabetes; age not stated
8 billion CFU—6 weeks30
Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation affects mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
2019 · vitamin D plus probiotic supplements · Women aged 18–40 with polycystic ovary syndrome
8 billion CFU3,571 IU12 weeks30
Potential Modulation of Inflammation by Probiotic and Omega-3 Supplementation in Elderly with Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation-A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
2022 · Active treatment group · Adults aged 65–80 with low-grade inflammation (hs-CRP 1.5–6 mg/L) and BMI 18.5–27 kg/m²
10 billion CFU200 IU8 weeks—
Probiotics and Vitamin D: study protocols | supp.fit