Folic Acid, Vitamin E, Copper, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6: study protocols
10 study groups took Folic Acid together with Vitamin E, Copper, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Dose per serving from research: Folic Acid
10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Folic Acid participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 250 mcg to 500 mcg, 70% of 10 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 50 mcg or less | 1 |
| 50 mcg to 100 mcg | 0 |
| 100 mcg to 250 mcg | 1 |
| 250 mcg to 500 mcg | 7 |
| 500 mcg to 1 mg | 1 |
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin E
10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Vitamin E participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 5 mg to 10 mg, 60% of 10 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 2.5 mg or less | 1 |
| 2.5 mg to 5 mg | 1 |
| 5 mg to 10 mg | 6 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 2 |
Dose per serving from research: Copper
10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Copper participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 1 mg to 2.5 mg, 60% of 10 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 250 mcg to 500 mcg | 1 |
| 500 mcg to 1 mg | 3 |
| 1 mg to 2.5 mg | 6 |
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin B12
10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Vitamin B12 participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 2.5 mcg to 5 mcg, 70% of 10 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 0.5 mcg or less | 1 |
| 0.5 mcg to 1 mcg | 1 |
| 1 mcg to 2.5 mcg | 1 |
| 2.5 mcg to 5 mcg | 7 |
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin B6
10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Vitamin B6 participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 1 mg to 2.5 mg, 80% of 10 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 250 mcg to 500 mcg | 2 |
| 500 mcg to 1 mg | 0 |
| 1 mg to 2.5 mg | 8 |
Commonly used together
10 of 10 study groups took Folic Acid, Vitamin E, Copper, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6 with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.
What was given together, not what works together.
| Taken with | Study groups |
|---|---|
| Vitamin A | 10 |
| Zinc | 10 |
| Iodine | 9 |
| Iron | 9 |
| Niacin | 9 |
| Selenium | 9 |
| Vitamin C | 9 |
| Vitamin D | 9 |
| Riboflavin | 6 |
| Thiamine | 4 |
10 study groups
| Study | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh 2014 · EMMS (early food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation | 400 mcg | 10 mg | 2 mg | 2.6 mcg | 1.9 mg | — | — |
| Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh 2014 · UMMS (usual food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation | 400 mcg | 10 mg | 2 mg | 2.6 mcg | 1.9 mg | — | — |
| Effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on fetal loss and infant mortality: a cluster-randomized trial in Nepal 2003 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women in rural Nepal | 400 mcg | 10 mg | 2 mg | 2.6 mcg | 2.2 mg | — | — |
| Predictors of adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Vietnam 2017 · MM (multiple micronutrients) preconception group · Women of reproductive age in Vietnam intending to become pregnant | 400 mcg | 1.43 mg | 286 mcg | 0.371 mcg | 271 mcg | 54 weeks | 1,469 |
| Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia 2025 · MMS-180 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy | 400 mcg | 10 mg | 2 mg | 2.6 mcg | 1.9 mg | 180 days | 516 |
| Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia 2025 · MMS-90 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy | 400 mcg | 10 mg | 2 mg | 2.6 mcg | 1.9 mg | 180 days | 515 |
| Newborn micronutrient status biomarkers in a cluster-randomized trial of antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron folic acid supplementation in rural Bangladesh 2020 · MM · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; age range not specified; no disease condition specified | 600 mcg | 15 mg | 1 mg | 2.6 mcg | 1.9 mg | — | 176 |
| Daily supplementation of a multiple micronutrient powder improves folate but not thiamine, riboflavin, or vitamin B(12) status among young Laotian children: a randomized controlled trial 2022 · micronutrient powder group (MNP) · Children aged 6–23 months in rural Lao PDR; no disease-based selection, with high prevalence of undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies | 150 mcg | 5 mg | 560 mcg | 0.9 mcg | 500 mcg | 36 weeks | 130 |
| Multiple micronutrient supplementation improves vitamin B₁₂ and folate concentrations of HIV infected children in Uganda: a randomized controlled trial 2011 · Multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) · HIV-infected children aged 1–5 years | 40 mcg | 14 mg | 800 mcg | 2.4 mcg | 1.2 mg | 26 weeks | 104 |
| A novel nutritional supplement to reduce plasma homocysteine in nonpregnant women: A randomised controlled trial in The Gambia 2019 · UNIMMAP tablet · Nonpregnant, non-lactating healthy women aged 18–45 years in West Kiang, The Gambia; women of reproductive age with common micronutrient deficiencies in the population | 400 mcg | 10 mg | 2 mg | 2.6 mcg | 1.9 mg | 12 weeks | 105 |