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Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C and Vitamin E: study protocols

13 study groups took Folic Acid together with Vitamin B12, Vitamin C and Vitamin E. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Folic Acid: what the research found →

Dose per serving from research: Folic Acid

13 study groups in 10 studies say how much Folic Acid participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 250 mcg to 500 mcg, 62% of 13 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
250 mcg or less
1
250 mcg to 500 mcg
8
500 mcg to 1 mg
4

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin B12

13 study groups in 10 studies say how much Vitamin B12 participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 2.5 mcg to 5 mcg, 69% of 13 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
1 mcg or less
1
1 mcg to 2.5 mcg
1
2.5 mcg to 5 mcg
9
5 mcg to 10 mcg
0
10 mcg to 25 mcg
0
25 mcg to 50 mcg
2

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin C

12 study groups in 9 studies say how much Vitamin C participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 50 mg to 100 mg, 67% of 12 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
25 mg or less
1
25 mg to 50 mg
1
50 mg to 100 mg
8
100 mg to 250 mg
0
250 mg to 500 mg
2

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin E

13 study groups in 10 studies say how much Vitamin E participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 5 mg to 10 mg, 54% of 13 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
5 mg or less
1
5 mg to 10 mg
7
10 mg to 25 mg
3
25 mg to 50 mg
2

Commonly used together

13 of 13 study groups took Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C and Vitamin E with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave. The 10 most common of 11.

What was given together, not what works together.

Taken withStudy groups
Vitamin A
12
Vitamin B6
12
Vitamin D
11
Copper
10
Iron
10
Zinc
10
Iodine
9
Niacin
9
Selenium
9
Riboflavin
8

13 study groups

Study
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh
2014 · EMMS (early food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg10 mg——
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh
2014 · UMMS (usual food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg10 mg——
Modifying effects of maternal Hb concentration on infant birth weight in women receiving prenatal iron-containing supplements: a randomised controlled trial
2016 · MMN group · Pregnant women aged at least 20 years, nulliparous, with Hb concentration ≥100 g/L and enrolled before 20 weeks of gestation
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg10 mg——
Effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on fetal loss and infant mortality: a cluster-randomized trial in Nepal
2003 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women in rural Nepal
400 mcg2.6 mcg100 mg10 mg——
Multivitamin supplementation of HIV-positive women during pregnancy reduces hypertension
2005 · Multivitamin plus vitamin A · HIV-positive pregnant Tanzanian women
800 mcg50 mcg500 mg30 mg——
Multivitamin supplementation of HIV-positive women during pregnancy reduces hypertension
2005 · Multivitamin without vitamin A · HIV-positive pregnant Tanzanian women
800 mcg50 mcg500 mg30 mg——
Predictors of adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Vietnam
2017 · MM (multiple micronutrients) preconception group · Women of reproductive age in Vietnam intending to become pregnant
400 mcg0.371 mcg10 mg1.43 mg54 weeks1,469
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia
2025 · MMS-180 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg10 mg180 days516
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia
2025 · MMS-90 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg10 mg180 days515
Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Compared to Iron-Folic Acid Affects Micronutrient Status but Does Not Eliminate Deficiencies in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Pregnant Women of Rural Bangladesh
2019 · MM · Pregnant women aged 12–45 years in rural Bangladesh
600 mcg2.6 mcg85 mg15 mg165 days749