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Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin D and Vitamin A: study protocols

11 study groups took Folic Acid together with Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin D and Vitamin A. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Folic Acid: what the research found →

Dose per serving from research: Folic Acid

11 study groups in 9 studies say how much Folic Acid participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 250 mcg to 500 mcg, 73% of 11 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
100 mcg or less
1
100 mcg to 250 mcg
0
250 mcg to 500 mcg
8
500 mcg to 1 mg
2

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin B12

11 study groups in 9 studies say how much Vitamin B12 participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 2.5 mcg to 5 mcg, 82% of 11 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
1 mcg or less
1
1 mcg to 2.5 mcg
1
2.5 mcg to 5 mcg
9

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin C

10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Vitamin C participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 50 mg to 100 mg, 80% of 10 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
25 mg or less
1
25 mg to 50 mg
1
50 mg to 100 mg
8

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin D

6 study groups in 4 studies say how much Vitamin D participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 100 IU to 250 IU, 67% of 6 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
100 IU or less
1
100 IU to 250 IU
4
250 IU to 500 IU
1

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin A

10 study groups in 8 studies say how much Vitamin A participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 500 mcg to 1 mg, 90% of 10 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
250 mcg or less
1
250 mcg to 500 mcg
0
500 mcg to 1 mg
9

Commonly used together

11 of 11 study groups took Folic Acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin D and Vitamin A with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.

What was given together, not what works together.

Taken withStudy groups
Vitamin E
11
Copper
10
Iron
10
Vitamin B6
10
Zinc
10
Iodine
9
Niacin
9
Selenium
9
Riboflavin
6
Thiamine
4

11 study groups

Study
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh
2014 · EMMS (early food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg200 IU800 mcg——
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh
2014 · UMMS (usual food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg200 IU800 mcg——
Modifying effects of maternal Hb concentration on infant birth weight in women receiving prenatal iron-containing supplements: a randomised controlled trial
2016 · MMN group · Pregnant women aged at least 20 years, nulliparous, with Hb concentration ≥100 g/L and enrolled before 20 weeks of gestation
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg5 mcg800 mcg——
Effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on fetal loss and infant mortality: a cluster-randomized trial in Nepal
2003 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women in rural Nepal
400 mcg2.6 mcg100 mg10 mcg1 mg——
Predictors of adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Vietnam
2017 · MM (multiple micronutrients) preconception group · Women of reproductive age in Vietnam intending to become pregnant
400 mcg0.371 mcg10 mg85.7 IU114 mcg54 weeks1,469
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia
2025 · MMS-180 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg200 IU800 mcg180 days516
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia
2025 · MMS-90 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy
400 mcg2.6 mcg70 mg200 IU800 mcg180 days515
Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Compared to Iron-Folic Acid Affects Micronutrient Status but Does Not Eliminate Deficiencies in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Pregnant Women of Rural Bangladesh
2019 · MM · Pregnant women aged 12–45 years in rural Bangladesh
600 mcg2.6 mcg85 mg5 mcg770 mcg165 days749
Newborn micronutrient status biomarkers in a cluster-randomized trial of antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron folic acid supplementation in rural Bangladesh
2020 · MM · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; age range not specified; no disease condition specified
600 mcg2.6 mcg85 mg5 mcg770 mcg—176
Multiple micronutrient supplementation improves vitamin B₁₂ and folate concentrations of HIV infected children in Uganda: a randomized controlled trial
2011 · Multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) · HIV-infected children aged 1–5 years
40 mcg2.4 mcg50 mg400 IU800 mcg26 weeks104