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Folic Acid, Iodine, Vitamin C, Copper and Iron: study protocols

11 study groups took Folic Acid together with Iodine, Vitamin C, Copper and Iron. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Folic Acid: what the research found →

Dose per serving from research: Folic Acid

11 study groups in 8 studies say how much Folic Acid participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 250 mcg to 500 mcg, 82% of 11 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
250 mcg to 500 mcg
9
500 mcg to 1 mg
2

Dose per serving from research: Iodine

11 study groups in 8 studies say how much Iodine participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 100 mcg to 250 mcg, 73% of 11 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
50 mcg or less
1
50 mcg to 100 mcg
0
100 mcg to 250 mcg
8
250 mcg to 500 mcg
2

Dose per serving from research: Vitamin C

10 study groups in 7 studies say how much Vitamin C participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 50 mg to 100 mg, 70% of 10 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
25 mg or less
1
25 mg to 50 mg
0
50 mg to 100 mg
7
100 mg to 250 mg
2

Dose per serving from research: Copper

11 study groups in 8 studies say how much Copper participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 1 mg to 2.5 mg, 55% of 11 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
500 mcg or less
1
500 mcg to 1 mg
2
1 mg to 2.5 mg
6
2.5 mg to 5 mg
2

Dose per serving from research: Iron

11 study groups in 8 studies say how much Iron participants took a day.

These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.

Most common: 25 mg to 50 mg, 73% of 11 study groups.

Daily doseStudy groups
10 mg or less
1
10 mg to 25 mg
0
25 mg to 50 mg
8
50 mg to 100 mg
2

Commonly used together

11 of 11 study groups took Folic Acid, Iodine, Vitamin C, Copper and Iron with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.

What was given together, not what works together.

Taken withStudy groups
Selenium
11
Vitamin A
11
Vitamin D
11
Vitamin E
11
Zinc
11
Niacin
9
Vitamin B12
8
Vitamin B6
7
Riboflavin
6
vitamin B-6
4

11 study groups

Study
Impact of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on birth weight, duration of gestation, and perinatal mortality in rural western China: double blind cluster randomised controlled trial
2008 · Multiple micronutrients · Pregnant women resident in disadvantaged rural counties in Shaanxi Province, China; eligible women enrolled before 28 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg150 mcg70 mg2 mg30 mg—1,899
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh
2014 · EMMS (early food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg150 mcg70 mg2 mg30 mg——
Equity in adherence to and effect of prenatal food and micronutrient supplementation on child mortality: results from the MINIMat randomized trial, Bangladesh
2014 · UMMS (usual food invitation; multiple micronutrients) · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, enrolled before 14 weeks’ gestation
400 mcg150 mcg70 mg2 mg30 mg——
Predictors of adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Vietnam
2017 · MM (multiple micronutrients) preconception group · Women of reproductive age in Vietnam intending to become pregnant
400 mcg21.4 mcg10 mg286 mcg8.57 mg54 weeks1,469
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia
2025 · MMS-180 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy
400 mcg150 mcg70 mg2 mg30 mg180 days516
Assessing the adherence and acceptability to iron and folic acid compared with multiple micronutrient supplements during pregnancy: a cluster-randomized noninferiority trial in Cambodia
2025 · MMS-90 · Healthy pregnant individuals aged 18–45 years, in the first 14 weeks of a low-risk singleton pregnancy
400 mcg150 mcg70 mg2 mg30 mg180 days515
Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Compared to Iron-Folic Acid Affects Micronutrient Status but Does Not Eliminate Deficiencies in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Pregnant Women of Rural Bangladesh
2019 · MM · Pregnant women aged 12–45 years in rural Bangladesh
600 mcg220 mcg85 mg1 mg27 mg165 days749
Newborn micronutrient status biomarkers in a cluster-randomized trial of antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron folic acid supplementation in rural Bangladesh
2020 · MM · Pregnant women in rural Bangladesh; age range not specified; no disease condition specified
600 mcg220 mcg85 mg1 mg27 mg—176
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status
2017 · MMN group · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies under 20 weeks in rural Gambia
400 mcg300 mcg140 mg4 mg60 mg184 days75
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status
2017 · PE+MMN group · Pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies under 20 weeks in rural Gambia
400 mcg300 mcg140 mg4 mg60 mg184 days75