Beta-Carotene and Vitamin A: study protocols
14 study groups took Beta-Carotene together with Vitamin A. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Dose per serving from research: Beta-Carotene
14 study groups in 9 studies say how much Beta-Carotene participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 25 mg to 50 mg, 79% of 14 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 1 mg or less | 1 |
| 1 mg to 2.5 mg | 2 |
| 2.5 mg to 5 mg | 0 |
| 5 mg to 10 mg | 0 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 0 |
| 25 mg to 50 mg | 11 |
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin A
12 study groups in 7 studies say how much Vitamin A participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 2,500 IU to 5,000 IU, 67% of 12 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 2,500 IU or less | 1 |
| 2,500 IU to 5,000 IU | 8 |
| 5,000 IU to 10,000 IU | 0 |
| 10,000 IU to 25,000 IU | 3 |
Commonly used together
6 of 14 study groups took Beta-Carotene and Vitamin A with something else, but nothing that 3 or more different studies gave.
14 study groups
| Study | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multivitamin supplementation of HIV-positive women during pregnancy reduces hypertension 2005 · Vitamin A without multivitamin · HIV-positive pregnant Tanzanian women | 30 mg | 5,000 IU | — | — |
| Dietary supplement use and prostate cancer risk in the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial 2009 · CARET intervention arm · Men aged 45–69 or 50–69 who were current or former heavy smokers or asbestos-exposed workers; the report analyzes male participants only | 30 mg | 25,000 IU | — | — |
| Sex differences in the effects of maternal vitamin supplements on mortality and morbidity among children born to HIV-infected women in Tanzania 2010 · Vitamin A plus β-carotene · HIV-infected pregnant women enrolled at 12–27 weeks’ gestation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; treatment continued after delivery while breastfeeding was nearly universal | 30 mg | 5,000 IU | — | — |
| Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease 1996 · active-treatment group · Smokers, former smokers, and workers exposed to asbestos; age and sex not specified | 30 mg | 25,000 IU | 4 years | — |
| Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial 1996 · active intervention group · Men and women at high risk of developing lung cancer | 30 mg | 25,000 IU | — | — |
| Multivitamin supplementation of HIV-positive women during pregnancy reduces hypertension 2005 · Multivitamin plus vitamin A · HIV-positive pregnant Tanzanian women | 30 mg | 5,000 IU | — | — |
| Sex differences in the effects of maternal vitamin supplements on mortality and morbidity among children born to HIV-infected women in Tanzania 2010 · Multivitamins plus vitamin A and β-carotene · HIV-infected pregnant women enrolled at 12–27 weeks’ gestation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; treatment continued after delivery while breastfeeding was nearly universal | 30 mg | 5,000 IU | — | — |
| The Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) to prevent lung cancer in high-risk populations: pilot study with cigarette smokers 1993 · retinol plus beta-carotene · Men and women aged 50–69 who were current smokers or had quit within the past 6 years and had a smoking history of at least 20 pack-years | 30 mg | — | 548 days | — |
| Effect of vitamin supplementation on breast milk concentrations of retinol, carotenoids and tocopherols in HIV-infected Tanzanian women 2009 · vitamin A and β-carotene (VA+BC) · HIV-infected pregnant women enrolled at 12–27 weeks of gestation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; women breastfeeding postpartum | 30 mg | 5,000 IU | — | — |
| The effect of antenatal vitamin A and beta-carotene supplementation on gut integrity of infants of HIV-infected South African women 2001 · vitamin A group · HIV-infected pregnant South African women; age not stated | 30 mg | 1.5 mg | — | — |