Beta-Carotene, Copper, Vitamin E and Zinc: study protocols
9 study groups took Beta-Carotene together with Copper, Vitamin E and Zinc. These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Dose per serving from research: Beta-Carotene
8 study groups in 4 studies say how much Beta-Carotene participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 10 mg to 25 mg, 88% of 8 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 10 mg or less | 1 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 7 |
Dose per serving from research: Copper
5 study groups in 4 studies say how much Copper participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 1 mg to 2.5 mg, 80% of 5 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 1 mg or less | 1 |
| 1 mg to 2.5 mg | 4 |
Dose per serving from research: Vitamin E
6 study groups in 4 studies say how much Vitamin E participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 250 IU to 500 IU, 100% of 6 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 250 IU to 500 IU | 6 |
Dose per serving from research: Zinc
9 study groups in 5 studies say how much Zinc participants took a day.
These are the doses the studies gave. They are not a recommendation.
Most common: 50 mg to 100 mg, 67% of 9 study groups.
| Daily dose | Study groups |
|---|---|
| 10 mg or less | 1 |
| 10 mg to 25 mg | 1 |
| 25 mg to 50 mg | 1 |
| 50 mg to 100 mg | 6 |
Commonly used together
9 of 9 study groups took Beta-Carotene, Copper, Vitamin E and Zinc with something else. Shown: what 3 or more different studies gave.
What was given together, not what works together.
| Taken with | Study groups |
|---|---|
| Vitamin C | 9 |
9 study groups
| Study | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8 2001 · Antioxidants plus zinc · Adults aged 55–80 with age-related macular degeneration Categories 2–4 and visual acuity of 20/32 or better in at least one eye | 15 mg | 2 mg | 400 IU | 80 mg | 8 years | — |
| No clinically significant association between CFH and ARMS2 genotypes and response to nutritional supplements: AREDS report number 38 2014 · antioxidants plus zinc · Adults with intermediate age-related macular degeneration in one or both eyes or late age-related macular degeneration in one eye; mean age 69 years | 15 mg | 2 mg | 400 IU | 80 mg | 9 years | — |
| The effects of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on expiratory flow rates at rest and during exercise 2015 · antioxidant vitamin supplementation (AVS) · healthy nonsmoking adults, 5 men and 5 women, consuming fewer than 5 servings of fruit and vegetables per day | 15,000 IU | 1 mg | 400 IU | 7.5 mg | 4 weeks | 10 |
| Bioavailability of AREDS1 micronutrients from softgel capsules and tablets: a pilot study 2014 · softgel half-dose (single softgel) · Healthy adults aged 18–45 years, women and men | 8.6 mg | — | — | 34.8 mg | 1 day | 15 |
| Bioavailability of AREDS1 micronutrients from softgel capsules and tablets: a pilot study 2014 · softgel full-dose (two softgels) · Healthy adults aged 18–45 years, women and men | 17.2 mg | — | — | 69.6 mg | 1 day | 15 |
| Bioavailability of AREDS1 micronutrients from softgel capsules and tablets: a pilot study 2014 · tablet full-dose (four tablets) · Healthy adults aged 18–45 years, women and men | 17.2 mg | — | 400 mg | 69.6 mg | 1 day | 15 |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS antioxidants plus zinc · Adults aged 55–80 with early or more advanced age-related macular degeneration | 15 mg | 2 mg | 400 IU | 80 mg | 5 years | — |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS2 original AREDS formulation · Adults aged 50–85 with large drusen in both eyes or late AMD in one eye and large drusen in the fellow eye who accepted the additional AREDS formulation | 15 mg | 2 mg | 400 IU | 80 mg | 5 years | — |
| Oral Antioxidant and Lutein/Zeaxanthin Supplements Slow Geographic Atrophy Progression to the Fovea in Age-Related Macular Degeneration 2025 · AREDS2 original AREDS formulation with low zinc · Adults aged 50–85 with large drusen in both eyes or late AMD in one eye and large drusen in the fellow eye who accepted the additional AREDS formulation | 15 mg | — | 400 IU | 25 mg | 5 years | — |